Part I The General Part, 2 Comparative and Theoretical Perspectives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
McMeel Gerard
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Subjective Theory ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
General Part ◽  
Admissible Evidence

This chapter first considers civil law jurisdictions and various international legal instruments and their approach to the construction of contracts. In particular, the chapter focuses on the objective/subjective debate and the admissible evidence. It then looks at the international restatements of contract law, which are committed to a subjective theory of contract, such as is found in civil law countries. Next, the chapter considers a more theoretical perspective in the topic of contractual interpretation, and introduces the relevant literature to that effect. Such wider perspectives have been a source of recent developments—and may continue to be the source of future developments—in this field.

Unenforceable Contracts and Unjusticiable Contracts: Secs. 32–33 of the Contracts (General Part) Law, 1973

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 425-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Shalev
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
The Future ◽  
General Part ◽  
The Law ◽  
Preparatory Work

The Contracts (General Part) Law, 1973, is the fundamental statute in Israeli contract law, and will in the future serve as the basis for the codification of Israel civil law. The Law was enacted following a decade of meticulous preparatory work by a committee headed by Professor Tedeschi. Prof. Tedeschi was the leading intellectual force in this committee; his influence is apparent in the approaches, principles and concepts of the Law, as well as in its particular provisions. Prof. Tedeschi also devoted a part of his prolific writings to the realm of contracts law. This article, dealing with only two sections of the wide-ranging Contracts (General Part) Law, is dedicated with admiration to the father of Israeli modern contract law.

Civil law (general part) in schemes 2nd edition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Koryakin ◽  
S. V. Taradonov
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
General Part

Classifying precontractual liability: a comparative analysis

Legal Studies ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Unjust Enrichment ◽  
The Common ◽  
Initial Focus

The common law has solved questions of liability arising in the context of precontractual negotiations by resort to a range of different doctrines and approaches, adopting in effect ‘piecemeal’ solutions to questions of precontractual liability. Consequently, debate has arisen as to how best to classify or categorise claims for precontractual work and as to which doctrines are best suited to solving problems arising from anticipated contracts. The purpose of this article is to consider this question of how best to classify (cases of) precontractual liability. The initial focus will be on the ongoing debate as to whether principles of contract law or principles of unjust enrichment can better solve problems of precontractual liability. I will be suggesting that unjust enrichment theory offers little by way of explanation of cases of precontractual liability and, indeed, draws on principles of contract law in determining questions of liability for precontractual services rendered, though it does so by formulating those principles under different guises. Irrespective, however, of the doctrines utilised by the common law to impose liability, it is possible to identify a number of common elements unifying all cases of precontractual liability. In identifying such common elements of liability, it is necessary to draw on principles of both contract and tort law. How, then, should cases of precontractual liability best be classified? A consideration of the issue of classification of precontractual liability from a perspective of German civil law will demonstrate that a better understanding of cases of precontractual liability will be gained by classifying such cases as lying between the existing categories of contract and tort.

Dysphagia: implications for older people

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Miller ◽  
J Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Economic ◽  
Older People ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Management Of Dysphagia

SummaryDysphagia represents a salient concern in many conditions prevalent in older people. There are direct implications for morbidity and mortality. The importance of recognizing and managing dysphagia in hospital and the community also extends to psychosocial impact and quality of life, as well as health, economic and ethical-legal issues. This review outlines reasons for the importance of recognizing and treating dysphagia. It then proceeds to look at recent developments in our understanding of the nature, assessment and management of dysphagia in older people. Whilst there are well-established practices in assessment and management, ongoing work continues to challenge the validity and reliability of many methods. These concerns are covered and directions for future developments highlighted.

Family Theoretical Perspectives and Implications for Nursing Practice

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth E. McShane
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Family

Health care professionals have focused for the most part on individuals within families as they provide care in acute care settings. The lack of a theoretical perspective to permit observing the family as a unit with interacting parts has contributed to this practice. This article presents an overview of trends and of four theoretical frameworks that have contributed to family practice and research, both for other disciplines and for nursing. Symbolic interactionism, systems, developmental, and social exchange theories are promising frameworks for considering family relationships now and into the future. The purpose, major concepts, and implications for nursing practice of each theory are presented

scholarly journals Contract Law Of Malaysia and Indonesia: Some Basic Comparison

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Shaik Mohd Noor Alam S.M. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Law System ◽  
Common Law System ◽  
Civil Law System

Malaysia dan Indonesia memiliki persamaan dan perbedaan dalam sistem hukum. Keduanegara mengenal Hukum Islam dan Hukum Adat. Namun berkenaan dengan hukum Baratmaka Malaysia menganut "Common Law System ", sedangkan Indonesia negeri yangdimasukkan dalam "Civil Law System ". Karangan berikut ini mencoba memperbandingkansahnya suatu perjanjian menurut hukum "Common Law" Malaysia dan "Civil Law" Indonesia. Terlihat adanya perbedaan dalam unsur-unsur yang harus dipenuhi untuk sahnya suatu perjanjian di kedua negara tersebut.

scholarly journals Communication Empowerment Framework: An integrative framework to support effective communication and interaction between carers and people living with dementia

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1739-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Morris ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Tracey Williamson ◽  
Alison Wray ◽  
Phil McEvoy
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Perceptual Control Theory ◽  
Perceptual Control ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Communication Challenges

ObjectivesTo demonstrate the power of integrating three theoretical perspectives (Mentalization Theory, Perceptual Control Theory and the Communicative Impact model), which jointly illuminate the communication challenges and opportunities faced by family carers of people with dementia. To point the way to how this framework informs the design and delivery of carer communication and interaction training.MethodConceptual synthesis based on a narrative review of relevant literature, supported by examples of family carers.ResultsWe use the conceptual models to show how the capacity to mentalize (“holding mind in mind”) offers a greater sense of control over internal and external conflicts, with the result that they can be deescalated in pursuit of mutual goals.ConclusionsThe integrative conceptual framework presented here highlights specific psychological and relational mechanisms that can be targeted through carer training to enhance communication with a person living with dementia.

scholarly journals Learning Objects: Resources For Distance Education Worldwide

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Downes
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Recent Developments

This article discusses the topic of learning objects in three parts. First, it identifies a need for learning objects and describes their essential components based on this need. Second, drawing on concepts from recent developments in computer science, it describes learning objects from a theoretical perspective. Finally, it describes learning objects in practice, first as they are created or generated by content authors, and second, as they are displayed or used by students and other client groups.

scholarly journals A Systematic Mapping Study on Privacy by Design in Software Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ehecatl Morales-Trujillo ◽  
Gabriel Alberto García-Mireles ◽  
Erick Orlando Matla-Cruz ◽  
Mario Piattini
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Systematic Mapping Study ◽  
Privacy By Design ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Systematic Mapping

Protecting personal data in current software systems is a complex issue that requires legal regulations and constraints to manage personal data as well as a methodological support to develop software systems that would safeguard data privacy of their respective users. Privacy by Design (PbD) approach has been proposed to address this issue and has been applied to systems development in a variety of application domains. The aim of this work is to determine the presence of PbD and its extent in software development efforts. A systematic mapping study was conducted in order to identify relevant literature that collects PbD principles and goals in software development as well as methods and/or practices that support privacy aware software development. 53 selected papers address PbD mostly from a theoretical perspective with proposals validation based primarily on experiences or examples. The findings suggest that there is a need to develop privacy-aware methods to be integrated at all stages of software development life cycle and validate them in industrial settings.

scholarly journals A integração de recursos digitais em práticas de ensino e aprendizagem – uma perspectiva teórica apresentada no grupo WG4 durante a Conferência Internacional Re(s) sources 2018 – Lyon, FrançaThe integration of digital resources into teaching and learning practices – a theoretical perspective presented in the WG4 group during Conference International Re(s)sources 2018 - Lyon, French

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Dos Santos Christo ◽  
Sonia Barbosa Camargo Igliori
Keyword(s):  
Working Group ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Instrumental Genesis ◽  
Digital Resources ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Learning Practices ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Teachers And Students

Este pôster apresenta a contribuição do Grupo de Trabalho 4 (WG 4): Transições para recursos digitais: mudança, invariância e orquestração, na conferência internacional Re(s)sources 2018 Conference - Compreendendo o Trabalho dos Professores Por Meio de Suas Interações Com Recursos para o Ensino - realizada entre os dias 28 e 30 de maio no Instituto Francês de Educação em Lyon, França. A apresentação, discussão e o trabalho coletivo desse grupo abordaram tópicos específicos relacionados com recursos digitais que se tornaram parte importante dos sistemas de recursos dos professores e alunos. A integração de recursos digitais em práticas de ensino e aprendizagem levanta muitas questões para professores e educadores. O Grupo de Trabalho WG4 buscou responder essas questões a partir de perspectivas teóricas, incluindo gênese instrumental, orquestração instrumental e gênese documental. Para esse pôster focamos as contribuições que o Grupo de Trabalho 4 (WG4), no qual os autores deste pôster estiveram participando das discussões sobre as pesquisas apresentadas referentes aos conceitos de recurso e documento na Gênese Documental de Gueudet e Trouche.ResumenEste post presenta la contribución del Grupo de Trabajo 4 (WG4): Transiciones a recursos digitales: cambio, invariancia y orquestación, en la conferencia internacional Re(s)sources 2018 Conference - Entendiendo el trabajo de los profesores por medio de sus interacciones con recursos la Enseñanza - realizada entre los días 28 y 30 de mayo en el Instituto Francés de Educación en Lyon, Francia. La presentación, discusión y el trabajo colectivo de este grupo abordaron temas específicos relacionados con recursos digitales que se convirtieron en parte importante de los sistemas de recursos de los profesores y alumnos. La integración de recursos digitales en prácticas de enseñanza y aprendizaje plantea muchas cuestiones para profesores y educadores. El Grupo de Trabajo WG4 buscó responder estas cuestiones a partir de perspectivas teóricas, incluyendo génesis instrumental, orquestación instrumental y génesis documental. Para este póster enfocamos las contribuciones que el Grupo de Trabajo 4 (GT4), en el cual los autores de este póster estuvieron participando en las discusiones sobre las investigaciones presentadas referentes a los conceptos de recurso y documento en el Génesis Documental de Gueudet y Trouche.Résumé Cette affiche présente la contribution du Groupe de travail 4 (WG4): Transitions aux ressources numériques: changement, invariance et orchestration, à la conférence internationale Re(s)sources Conférence 2018 - Comprendre le travail des enseignants à travers leurs interactions avec les ressources pour o Enseignement - tenu entre le 28 et le 30 mai à l'Institut Français de l'Education à Lyon, France. La présentation, la discussion et le travail collectif de ce groupe ont porté sur des sujets spécifiques liés aux ressources numériques qui sont devenues une partie importante des systèmes de ressources des enseignants et des étudiants. L'intégration des ressources numériques dans les pratiques d'enseignement et d'apprentissage soulève de nombreuses questions pour les enseignants et les éducateurs. Le groupe de travail WG4 a cherché à répondre à ces questions à partir de perspectives théoriques, y compris la genèse instrumentale, l'orchestration instrumentale et la genèse documentaire. Pour cette affiche, nous mettons l'accent sur les contributions du Groupe de Travail 4 (WG4), dans lequel les auteurs de cette affiche participaient aux discussions sur les recherches présentées sur les concepts de ressource et de document dans la Genèse documentaire de Gueudet et Trouche. AbstractThis poster presents the contribution of Working Group 4 (WG4): Transitions to digital resources: change, invariance and orchestration, at the international conference Re(s)sources 2018 Conference - Understanding Teachers' Work Through Their Interactions with Resources for o Teaching - held between the 28th and 30th of May at the French Institute of Education in Lyon, France. The presentation, discussion and collective work of this group addressed specific topics related to digital resources that have become an important part of the resource systems of teachers and students. The integration of digital resources into teaching and learning practices raises many questions for teachers and educators. The Working Group WG4 sought to answer these questions from theoretical perspectives, including instrumental genesis, instrumental orchestration and documentary genesis. For this poster, we focus on the contributions of Working Group 4 (WG4), in which the authors of this poster were participating in the discussions on the researches presented regarding the concepts of resource and document in the Documentary Genesis of Gueudet and Trouche.

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