The Public Psychiatrist and the Patient with Intellectual Disability

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Emily Morse ◽  
Kelly Vinquist ◽  
Jodi Tate
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Challenging Behaviors ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Systems

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities are among the populations most underserved by health care systems. Following shifts toward deinstitutionalization during the past several decades, community-based services have largely assumed care for this population, which tends to experience high rates of medical and psychiatric morbidity. Providers frequently feel inadequately trained in providing care to these patients, and the system as a whole struggles to adequately meet their often complex needs. Nevertheless, working with those with intellectual or developmental disabilities can be highly rewarding for providers. There is great potential to offer a meaningful impact and improve the quality of life for these patients and their families and support systems with careful assessment and intervention. This chapter offers insights to the community psychiatrist working with patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Common obstacles in assessment, diagnosis, and management of mental illness and challenging behaviors in this population are discussed. Case examples exemplifying the complexities of these individuals are included.

Modernization, Globalization, Trends, and Convergence in Health Expenditure in Latin America and the Caribbean

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiri Noy ◽  
Patricia A. McManus
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Modernization Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Public Private Mix

Are health care systems converging in developing nations? We use the case of health care financing in Latin America between 1995 and 2009 to assess the predictions of modernization theory, competing strands of globalization theory, and accounts of persistent cross-national differences. As predicted by modernization theory, we find convergence in overall health spending. The public share of health spending increased over this time period, with no convergence in the public-private mix. The findings indicate robust heterogeneity of national health care systems and suggest that globalization fosters human investment health policies rather than neoliberal, “race to the bottom” cutbacks in public health expenditures.

Health Care

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Pestieau ◽  
Mathieu Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
The Public ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Care Systems

This chapter reviews the public health care systems as well as their challenges. It first shows how expenditure on health care has evolved in previous decades and deals with the reasons for the growth observed in almost every European country. It emphasizes the role of technological progress as a main explanatory factor of the increase in medical expenditure but also points to the challenges facing cost-containment policies. Especially, the main common features of health care systems in Europe, such as third-party payment, single provider approach and cost-based reimbursement are discussed. Finally the chapter shows that although inequalities in health exist in the population, health care systems are redistributive. Reforms are thus needed but the trade-off between budgetary efficiency and equity is difficult.

scholarly journals COVID-19, psychosocial issues, politics, and public mental health care

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-303
Author(s):  
Anthony L Pillay ◽  
Anne L Kramers-Olen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Public Mental Health Care

The COVID-19 pandemic heralded challenges that were both significant and unfamiliar, placing inordinate burdens on health care systems, economies, and the collective psyche of citizens. The pandemic underscored the tenuous intersections between public mental health care, politics, economics, and psychosocial capital. In South Africa, the inadequacies of the public health system have been laid bare, and the disproportionate privileges of the private health care system exposed. This article critically considers government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, the psychosocial correlates of lockdown, politics, corruption, and public mental health policy in South Africa.

Hallucinogenic/psychedelic 5HT2A receptor agonists as rapid antidepressant therapeutics: Evidence and mechanisms of action

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112098642
Author(s):  
Rafael Guimarães dos Santos ◽  
Jaime EC Hallak ◽  
Glen Baker ◽  
Serdar Dursun
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Fast Acting

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide, and it is associated with a reduced quality of life and enormous costs to health care systems. Available drug treatments show low-to-moderate response in most patients, with almost a third of patients being non-responders (treatment-resistant). Furthermore, most currently available medications need several weeks to achieve therapeutic effects, and the long-term use of these drugs is often associated with significant unwanted side effects and resultant reductions in treatment compliance. Therefore, more effective, safer, and faster-acting antidepressants with enduring effects are needed. Together with ketamine, psychedelics (or classic or serotoninergic hallucinogens) such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), psilocybin, and ayahuasca are among the few compounds with recent human evidence of fast-acting antidepressant effects. Several studies in the 1950s to 1970s reported antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of these drugs, which are being confirmed by modern trials (LSD, one trial; psilocybin, five trials; ayahuasca, two trials). The effects of these drugs appear to be produced primarily by their agonism at serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptors, especially the 5-HT2A receptor. Considering the overall burden of MDD and the necessity of new therapeutic options, the promising (but currently limited) evidence of safety and efficacy of psychedelics has encouraged the scientific community to explore more fully their beneficial effects in MDD.

Accountability for Rationing — Theory into Practice

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Newdick
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Health Care ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Need

Most now recognize the inevitability of rationing in modern health care systems. The elastic nature of the concept of “health need,” our natural human sympathy for those in distress, the increased range of conditions for which treatment is available, the “greying” of the population; all expand demand for care in ways that exceed the supply of resources to provide it. UK governments, however, have found this truth difficult to present and have not encouraged open and candid public debate about choices in health care. Indeed, successive governments have presented the opposite view, that “if you are ill or injured there will be a national health service there to help; and access to it will be based on need and need alone.” And they have been rightly criticized for misleading the public and then blaming clinical and managerial staffin the National Health Service (NHS) when expectations have been disappointed.

PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN CUCI TANGAN TERHADAP PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN DI TK AISYIYAH BUSTANUL ATHFAL BALONGUMBULHARJO CANGKRINGAN SLEMAN YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widuri Widuri ◽  
Atik Badi’ah ◽  
Tomi Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Child Health Behavior

Background: Improving the quality of life of children one of which isdetermined by plantingearly child health behavior. Behavior of school children are very varied. If not recognized early, these health problems will affect the learning achievements and future children. Health behavior is a person's response to stimuli or objects associated with illness and disease, health care systems, food, drinks and the environment. Many children do not wash their hands before eating, so it can result in bacteria that is in the hand will be brought in with the food through the mouth and throat to the digestive tract so that the occurrence of gastrointestinal disease.Objective: Knowing the effect of health education hand washing behavior of hand washing in TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Balong umbulharjo Cangkringan Sleman Yogyakarta.Research methods: This type  of research is one group pretest posttest.Research has been conducted kindergarten Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal BalongUmbulharjo Cangkringan Sleman Yogyakarta for 2 days commencing on 26 April to 28 April 2014.Results: The results of paired samples correlation calculations indicate thatthere is significant influence effect of health education hand washing behavior of hand washing with sig. (Tailed).000Conclusion: A  significant difference between the effect of health educationhand washingbehavior of hand washing in TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Balong Umbulharjo Cangkringan Sleman Yogyakarta.

From “Don't Ask, Just Trust” to “Trust Those Who are Accountable”

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Vahé A. Kazandjian
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Project Design ◽  
The Past ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Local Traditions

The past three decades have primarily focused on improving performance across health care providing organizations and even individual professionals. While their interest in performance improvement is global, the strategies across health care systems remain variable and the resulting methods of accountability to select audiences continue to be influenced by tradition and expectation. The purpose of this article is to review the key dimensions of the operationalization of performance measurement and the translation of its findings to statements about quality of care. While significant literature exists on the conceptual debates about the nature of quality, the deciding factor in demonstrating that better quality may have been achieved resides in the acceptability of the measurement tools to translate performance measures into profiles of quality. Fundamentally, the use of the tools is seen as only one component of a successful strategy – the education of various audiences as to what the measures mean not only is a necessary requisite for sound project design but also will determine how the accountability model is shaped in each environment based on the generic measurement tools results, local traditions of care and caring, and expectations about outcomes.

scholarly journals Back to the Future: Principles on Resuming Outpatient Services in the COVID-19 Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taher S. Valika ◽  
Kathleen R. Billings
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
The Public ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
The Future ◽  
Care Systems

The rapidly changing health care climate related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in numerous changes to health care systems and in practices that protect both the public and the workers who serve in hospitals around the country. As a result, these past few months have seen a drastic reduction in outpatient visits. With phased reopening and appropriate guidance, health care systems are attempting to return to normal. The experiences and lessons learned are described, and we provide guiding principles to allow for a safe and effective return to outpatient care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document