Insomnia—Behavioral Treatments

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-133
Author(s):  
Sheila N. Garland ◽  
Ivan Vargas ◽  
Michael A. Grandner ◽  
Michael L. Perlis
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Behavioral Treatments ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Perspectives ◽  
Delivery Models ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Insomnia is a disorder with significant psychiatric comorbidity. This chapter provides an overview of how to assess and treat insomnia in patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders using cognitive behavioral interventions. First, the authors review the theoretical framework for the behavioral and cognitive perspectives regarding the etiology of chronic insomnia. They then provide a step-by-step guide for the assessment of insomnia, including the use of validated measures and the necessary components of a semi-structured clinical interview needed to identify predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors while at the same time paying attention to possible comorbidities and differential diagnostic possibilities that may better explain the patient’s difficulty. How to treat insomnia using cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) techniques of stimulus control therapy and sleep restriction therapy with formal cognitive restructuring in order to target arousal, dysfunctional behaviors and maladaptive thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes is explained. The authors discuss a number of contemporary issues with the delivery of CBT-I including the concurrent use of sleeping medications, the limitations and side effects of CBT-I, and alternative CBT-I delivery models. Further, the chapter examines the efficacy and effectiveness data for CBT-I in patients with psychiatric comorbidities. Lastly, the chapter presents a case example of CBT-I delivery in a patient with insomnia and comorbid major depressive disorder. The authors conclude with recommendations for future research.

Assistive Technology-Based Programs and Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions for Helping Adaptive Responding of Children and Adolescents With Rett Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-188
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Stasolla ◽  
Alessandro O. Caffò ◽  
Viviana Perilli
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Challenging Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Adaptive Skills ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Adaptive Responding

This chapter provides the reader with a concise overview of the newest empirical evidences available on the use of assistive technology and cognitive behavioral interventions to promote adaptive skills and decrease challenging behaviors of children and adolescents with Rett syndrome and severe to profound developmental disabilities. Four main categories of studies were identified, namely (1) communication skills, (2) adaptive skills, (3) challenging behavior, and (4) on-task behavior. Twenty-six contributions were reviewed, and 936 participants were involved. Results were largely positive, although rare failures occurred. Educational, clinical, rehabilitative, and psychological implications of the findings were critically discussed. Some useful suggestions for future research and practice were emphasized.

The Future of Cognitive Behavioral Interventions Within Behavioral Medicine

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Hart ◽  
Trevor A. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Medicine ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Trials

There is a growing body of evidence supporting the use of cognitive behavioral treatment within behavioral medicine. There are several limitations to the current body of literature, including external validity of findings from randomized controlled trials, dissemination of findings, and the use of CBT when patients are unmotivated to make behavior change. The current paper proposes several future directions to address these limitations. Solutions to be explored in future research include practical behavioral trials, stepped care approaches, remote technology approaches such as telephone and Internet-based treatments, and the integration of motivational interviewing into cognitive behavioral treatment.

Interventions to Reduce Internalized Stigma in individuals with Mental Illness: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Alonso ◽  
Ana Isabel Guillén ◽  
Manuel Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internalized Stigma ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Multicomponent Interventions ◽  
Psychoeducational Interventions

AbstractInternalized stigma has a high prevalence in people with mental health problems and is associated with negative consequences in different areas: work, social, personal, etc. Therefore, it is relevant to systematically study the characteristics and effectiveness of the different psychological and psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing it. Through the databases MEDLINE and PsycINFO, among others, controlled studies on specific interventions to reduce internalized stigma in people with severe mental disorders published between 2008 and 2018 were selected and reviewed. Results showed that the interventions can be grouped into four blocks: (a) psychoeducational interventions about stigma; (b) cognitive-behavioral interventions, mainly aimed at modifying self-stigmatizing beliefs; (c) interventions focused on the revelation of mental illness; and (d) multicomponent interventions that combine several of the above. The interventions had an average of 10 sessions and were predominantly applied in group format. In 9 of the 14 studies reviewed, significant results were obtained in the reduction of internalized stigma with small or moderate effect sizes. There were also significant improvements in other variables, such as subjective recovery or coping. The main methodological limitation of the studies reviewed was the absence of information on the rejection rate. We conclude that there are effective interventions aimed at reducing internalized stigma, with psychoeducational interventions on stigma and multicomponent interventions showing the best results. Cognitive-behavioral interventions and interventions based on disclosure have been studied to a lesser extent and their results are inconclusive. Future research should focus on establishing optimal interventions according to characteristics and objectives of individuals.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Interventions on the Emotional Reactions of Parents of Children with Retinoblastoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Boujabadi ◽  
Farhad Adhami Moghadam ◽  
Fariba Ghassemi ◽  
Mohammad Sahebalzamani
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions

Background: Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in childhood. Diagnosis of the disease and treatment decisions put a lot of stress on the family. Excessive anxiety and stress can lead to serious psychological problems. The cognitive behavioral approach focuses on the individuals’ thoughts, behaviors, and emotions and their interaction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral interactions on the emotional reactions of parents of children with retinoblastoma. Methods: This study was carried out using a quasi-experimental design on 106 parents of children with retinoblastoma referred to the Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between 2017 and 2018. Cognitive behavioral therapy was performed through eight sessions of 90-minute training for parents. The data collection method was self-responding using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire. Pre-and post-intervention test scores were collected for statistical analysis. Results: The mean anxiety score decreased from 13.65 (moderate anxiety) before the cognitive-behavioral intervention to 10.13 (mild anxiety) after the intervention (p<0.05). The mean depression score decreased from 11.26 (mild depression) before the intervention to 8.32 (no depression) after the intervention (p<0.05). The mean stress score decreased from 10.79 (normal) before the intervention to8.25 (normal) after the intervention (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that the occurrence of retinoblastoma in children poses a significant risk to the mental health of their parents. Cognitive-behavioral interventions can be effective in improving the level of parent's anxiety, depression, and stress.

Self-Punitive Habit Syndrome: A Theoretical Model and Cognitive-Behavioral Intervention Strategy

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-182
Author(s):  
Glenn M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insight Into

This article proposes a model of a cognitive-behavioral disorder that is manifested by a neurotic tendency to rely on self-punishment strategies to motivate and correct one’s own behavior rather than using insight into its causes and elements. The individual suffering from this disorder appears generally hostile, overdemanding, and unhappy; feels out of control; and verbalizes a sense of deserving to experience difficulties in life. In the extreme, this syndrome might be related to a long-standing inability or unwillingness to enter into intimate social relationships. Its maintenance can be described within a framework of simple behavioral realities. The syndrome is subtle and essentially cognitive and, therefore, covert, and its presence and effects can go unrecognized within the context of more overt pathologies. Three brief case examples are presented, and a set of cognitive-behavioral interventions is described that has had promising results with individuals exhibiting this syndrome. Implications for possible future research are briefly discussed.

Probability and Cost Biases in Social Phobia: Nature, Specificity, and Relationship to Treatment Outcome

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Nelson ◽  
James J. Lickel ◽  
Jennifer T. Sy ◽  
Laura J. Dixon ◽  
Brett J. Deacon
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Social Events ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions

Social phobia is maintained in part by cognitive biases concerning the probability and cost of negative social events. More specifically, individuals with social phobia tend to believe that negative social events are extremely likely to occur, and that if such events were to happen, the consequences would be awful or unbearable. The aim of the present review is to critically evaluate research on the nature and specificity of probability and cost biases in social phobia. Changes in probability and cost estimates during treatment and their relationship to treatment outcome are detailed. The review concludes with a discussion of how current cognitive behavioral interventions target these biases. Directions for future research are proposed.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents With Externalizing Problems

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Durlak ◽  
Laura A. Rubin ◽  
Rita D. Kahng
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Therapeutic Techniques ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Externalizing Difficulties

This article discusses three issues related to the use of cognitive behavioral therapy for youth with externalizing problems: (a) the heterogeneity of externalizing difficulties and cognitive behavioral interventions; (b) typical cognitions manifested by children and adolescents and their parents; and (c) developmental considerations in selecting appropriate therapeutic techniques.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Companion of Cognitive Behavioral Interventions and the Sensory Processing Styles Training on Behavioral Problems in Children Aged 7-12 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Nasrin Eghbali Ghazijahani ◽  
Ramazan Hassanzadeh ◽  
Yarali Doosti
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Processing Styles ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions

Background: Children’s health is very important in societies. Children’s behavioral problems result in efficiency rate reducing in educational performance. Therefore, solving these problems is necessary. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions and sensory processing styles training on children’s behavioral problems (7-12 aged). Methods: The current study was quasi-experimental with the pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of this research included all elementary students of sari city in 2017-2018. Among them, 90 target students (30 students per intervention) were selected as samples by the clustering sampling method and were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Experimental groups received cognitive-behavioral interventions and sensory processing styles training orderly. Control group received no training. A child behavioral questionnaire was used to collect information. After scoring the questionnaire and extracting the data, SPSS-21 software used for statistical analysis of multivariate covariance and independent t test. Results: The findings showed that cognitive-behavioral interventions and the training of sensory processing styles have a significant effect on behavioral problems in children and have reduced the internalization and extraversion problems in experimental groups and the effectiveness of the cognitive-behavioral intervention in reducing behavioral problems in children is more significant than teaching sensory processing styles. Conclusion: We suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy and sensory processing styles training are useful for parents. They help to thought control, ethical behavior and parents, mental health.

Using Music Therapy Techniques to Treat Teacher Burnout

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Cheek ◽  
Loretta J. Bradley ◽  
Gerald Parr ◽  
William Lan
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Teacher Burnout ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
School Based ◽  
Counseling Groups ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of music therapy techniques as an intervention for teacher burnout. Of the 51 elementary school teachers who participated in the study, 25 were from a school undergoing comprehensive reform, and 26 were from a school employing traditional grade-level classrooms and teaching strategies. Each participant completed pretest and posttest instruments. In addition, there were two treatment groups, either cognitive behavioral/music therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy. Results of the study indicated that teachers who participated in school-based counseling groups, using music therapy techniques in conjunction with cognitive behavioral interventions, reported lower levels of burnout symptoms than teachers in school-based counseling groups using cognitive behavioral interventions only. Implications for mental health counseling are discussed.

scholarly journals A scoping review of insomnia treatments for people living with HIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Joyal Miranda ◽  
Souraya Sidani ◽  
Jose Côté ◽  
Suzanne Fredericks
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Behavioral Treatments ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Effective Treatments

Abstract To date, little is known in terms of viable treatments for insomnia in people living with HIV. The primary aim of this scoping review is to identify non-pharmacological treatments for insomnia in people living with HIV (PLWH). A framework by Arksey and O’Malley was used to guide the conduct of this scoping review. Seven studies were identified. Three of the studies used cognitive-behavioral type of treatments versus physical or alternative types of treatment. The most effective treatments with the largest effect sizes were found to be cognitive-behavioral treatments for the sleep outcomes of sleep quantity (1.11-1.91) and sleep quality (1.11-1.91). This review found that cognitive behavioral interventions were found to be the most effective treatments for insomnia for PLWH. Further research would benefit from larger sample size studies in addition to focusing on the determinants of insomnia in PLWH in order to further provide a treatment that is focused on the needs of PLWH.    

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