Clinical Processes and Symptom Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-202
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Skin Breakdown ◽  
Imminent Death ◽  
Nocturnal Restlessness ◽  
Urinary Problems

This section describes condition-based clinical processes and symptom management. Shortness of breath, chest tightness, and air hunger (dyspnea) are often associated with findings of anxiety, panic, desperation, or impending doom. These symptoms are often more distressing than pain. As such, it is suggested to never delay palliative treatment for any reason. The section then explores the management of anorexia and cachexia; belching and burping (eructation); bleeding, draining, and malodorous lesions; confusion/delirium; constipation; coughing; depression; diarrhea and anorectal problems; dysphagia and oropharyngeal problems; and edema. It also looks at fatigue and weakness (aesthenia); fever and diaphoresis; hiccups; imminent death; insomnia and nocturnal restlessness; nausea and vomiting; pain; pruritus; seizures; skeletal muscle and bladder spasms; skin breakdown; urinary problems; and xerostomia (dry mouth).

scholarly journals Spirometry and mannitol bronchial challenge test among firefighters in Bhuj district: a questionnaire based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1434
Author(s):  
Kashyap Buch ◽  
Vinayak Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Bronchial Challenge ◽  
Challenge Tests ◽  
Skin Prick Tests

Background: Asthma is a common chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. It causes recurring period of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and coughing.Methods: A questionnaire, spirometry, direct and indirect airway challenge tests, exhaled nitric oxide, and skin-prick tests were administered prospectively to 100 out of 120 firefighters employed in Bhuj district, Gujarat, India. Asthma was defined as the combination of respiratory symptoms with airway hyper responsiveness.Results: Twenty out of 100 firefighters (12%) had physician-diagnosed asthma, which could be confirmed in 8 firefighters. In contrast, asthma was diagnosed in 28% (28 of 100 firefighters). Wheezing was the most sensitive symptom for the diagnosis of asthma (sensitivity, 88%; specificity, 90%).Conclusions: Asthma was considerably under diagnosed in firefighters. The combination of a structured symptom questionnaire with a bronchial challenge test allows identifying patients with asthma and should routinely be used in the assessment of active firefighters and may be of help when evaluating candidates for this profession.

48-Year-Old Woman with Acute-Onset Cough, Chest Tightness, and Shortness of Breath

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Lowy ◽  
Richard Pescatore ◽  
Jillian C. Smith ◽  
Holly A. Bartimus
Keyword(s):  
Acute Onset ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness

Exercise, physical activity, and asthma

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helge Hebestreit ◽  
Susi Kriemler ◽  
Thomas Radtke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Exercise Challenge ◽  
Typical History ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Exercise Induced

The incidence of asthma in children varies among countries and can be estimated to range between 5% and 20%. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is common in patients with asthma but can also occur in some children without asthma. Typical symptoms of EIA include cough, chest tightness, and shortness of breath shortly after exercise. The pathophysiology of EIA is not completely understood, but it has been shown that airway cooling and drying with increased ventilation during exercise and airway re-warming after exercise play a pivotal role. In addition, a lack of physical activity may also contribute to EIA. Regular exercise may increase fitness and psychological well-being but may also positively influence airway inflammation in children with asthma. The diagnosis of EIA is based on the typical history and may be verified by an exercise challenge test. Every child with EIA should be able to engage in all type of physical activities.

scholarly journals (P2-81) A Survey of the Health Effects of Bushfire Smoke on Patients Attending Two Sydney Emergency Departments

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s162-s163
Author(s):  
G.O. Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Respiratory Pathology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emergency Department Patients

The objective of this survey was to investigate the incidence of respiratory symptoms reported by emergency department patients during the Christmas 2001–2002 Sydney bushfire disaster. Two hundred and thirty patients attending two Sydney emergency departments for any reason completed questionnaires regarding respiratory symptoms. The symptoms investigated were cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness and wheeze. The same questionnaire was subsequently administered to a similar control group who were not exposed to bushfire smoke. 51% of those surveyed during the bushfires reported one or more of the respiratory symptoms investigated compared to 31% of the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01). A significantly higher proportion of respiratory patients in the study group reported an exacerbation of their condition and increased medication use during the bushfires (p < 0.01). The results are consistent with other research on the subject and suggest that exposure to bushfire smoke causes an increased incidence of respiratory pathology.

Ganglioneuroma Presenting With Chest Tightness and Shortness of Breath

CHEST Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 61A
Author(s):  
Juan M. Rojas Balcazar ◽  
Muaiad Kittaneh
Keyword(s):  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness

scholarly journals The Safety of Baduanjin Exercise: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jianqi Fang ◽  
Liying Zhang ◽  
Fangzhen Wu ◽  
Jiajia Ye ◽  
Shuhe Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Muscle Ache

Objectives. Baduanjin exercise is a form of Qigong exercise therapy that has become increasingly popular worldwide. The aims of the current systematic review were to summarize reported adverse events potentially associated with Baduanjin exercise based on currently available literature and to evaluate the quality of the methods used to monitor adverse events in the trials assessed. Methods. The English databases PubMed, Cochrane library, and EMbase were searched from inception to October 2020 using the keywords “Baduanjin” or “eight session brocade.” Only studies that included Baduanjin exercise therapy were included. Results. Forty-seven trials with a total of 3877 participants were included in this systematic review. Twenty-two studies reported protocols for monitoring adverse events, and two studies reported the occurrence of adverse events during training. The adverse events reported included palpitation, giddiness, knee pain, backache, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, shoulder pain, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and muscle ache. Conclusions. Only two studies reported adverse events that were potentially caused by Baduanjin exercise. Adverse events related to Baduanjin exercise in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome may include muscle ache, palpitation, giddiness, knee pain, backache, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, shoulder pain, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Further studies conducted in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement guideline incorporating monitoring of adverse events are recommended. Additional clinical trials in which Baduanjin exercise is used as a main intervention are needed, and further meta-analysis may be required to assess its safety and reach more informed conclusions in this regard in the future.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Genetic Analysis of Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome With Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly in a Family

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayong Qiu ◽  
Yao Lou ◽  
Yingwei Zhu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Huifang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Pneumothorax ◽  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Chest Tightness ◽  
Kidney Tumors ◽  
Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Hand Deformity ◽  
Bhd Syndrome

Abstract Background Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome (BHD syndrome) and congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) or Beals Hecht Syndrome (BHS) are clinically rare autosomal dominant genetic diseases. In this study, we find an extremely rare family with BHD Syndrome with CCA.Objective To investigate the clinical and genetic variation characteristics of a family with BHD Syndrome with CCA.Methods The patient was examined for chest Computed Tomography (CT), abdominal and heart color ultrasound, rheumatism immune-related indexes, and hand Direct Digital Radiography (DR), and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was performed on family members.Results The proband, male, developed symptoms of chest tightness and shortness of breath, accompanied by irritant cough 2 years ago, and then repeated spontaneous pneumothorax four times. Chest CT showed: spontaneous pneumothorax on the right side, emphysema in both lungs, and bullae in both lungs. No manifestations of kidney tumors and skin lesions. His son had a history of pulmonary bullobes and occurred spontaneous pneumothorax twice. He, his mother, and his son were all born with a hand deformity. Sequencing results showed that both the proband and his son were folliculin (FLCN) gene c.1015C>T（p.Gln339Ter） heterozygous variation, Fibrillin 2 gene (FBN2) gene c.3485G>A（p.Cys1162Tyr） heterozygous variation, associated with BHD syndrome and CCA.Conclusion For patients with chest tightness, shortness of breath, recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, and congenital hand deformity without inducement, genetic testing should be carried out as soon as possible to make a clear diagnosis, which can guide treatment and genetic counseling.

scholarly journals The Clinical Use of Triethylene Melamine

Blood ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHELDON C. KRAVITZ ◽  
HENRY D. DIAMOND ◽  
LLOYD F. CRAVER
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Extreme Caution ◽  
Two Agents ◽  
Oral Doses

Abstract Triethylene melamine (TEM), a nitrogen mustard-like compound, which can be administered orally and intravenously, has been found to be of considerable clinical use in the palliative treatment of the lymphomas and leukemias. This drug is indicated when a patient presents generalized disease and constitutional symptoms such as fever and pruritus. The incidence of nausea and vomiting following TEM administration is significantly less than that following HN2. The other toxic effects of the two agents are comparable. TEM may be used in conjunction with roentgen therapy. Patients may be maintained om small oral doses of TEM for long periods of time, but extreme caution must be exercised in the oral use of TEM since its tolerance varies considerably with each individual.

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