Peripheral nerve tumours

2019 ◽  
pp. 855-862
Author(s):  
Ricin Trivedi ◽  
Vincent Nga
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Tumours

This chapter on peripheral nerve sheath tumours (PNSTs) explores the pathology, clinical presentation, investigation, management, and outcomes of both benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs). The focus is centred upon the more commonly encountered tumours: schwannoma, neurofibroma, and perineurioma. Significant emphasis is also given to the rarer but life-threatening MPNSTs. It aims to equip the reader with the latest information available in the literature with regards to PNSTs occurring sporadically or in association with inherited conditions. Up to date investigation and management options available are also presented. With the detailed insights provided, the aim is to ensure that the reader would be confident in managing patients presenting with peripheral nerve tumours.

The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Management of Peripheral Nerve Tumours

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. J. HEMS ◽  
P. D. BURGE ◽  
D. J. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Nerve Trunk ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Lipofibromatous Hamartoma ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Tumours ◽  
Nerve Tumour

Fourteen cases of peripheral nerve tumour which had been examined by MRI were reviewed. T1-weighted images showed the tumours to be of intermediate signal and T2-weighted images showed a high signal with some heterogeneity. These appearances are not specific to peripheral nerve tumours, although the diagnosis may be suggested if the lesion arises from a major nerve trunk. The association with a nerve trunk may be defined by MRI, thus assisting with surgical planning. Neurilemmomas, neurofibromas and malignant nerve sheath tumours could not be differentiated with certainty using MR alone. The MR features of lipofibromatous hamartoma are reported.

scholarly journals Biology and Management of Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma, Myxofibrosarcoma, and Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: State of the Art and Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte C. Widemann ◽  
Antoine Italiano
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Pleomorphic Sarcoma ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Aggressive Clinical Behavior

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, myxofibrosarcomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are characterized by complex genomic characteristics and aggressive clinical behavior. Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of these tumors may allow for the development of more-effective innovative therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapies. This review describes the current knowledge of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and pathogenesis of these tumors and highlights ongoing and future research.

scholarly journals Management of peripheral nerve sheath tumors: 17 years of experience at Toronto Western Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 1226-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daipayan Guha ◽  
Benjamin Davidson ◽  
Mustafa Nadi ◽  
Naif M. Alotaibi ◽  
Michael G. Fehlings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Toronto Western Hospital ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Western Hospital ◽  
Nerve Sheath

OBJECTIVEA surgical series of 201 benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) was assessed to characterize the anatomical and clinical presentation of tumors and identify predictors of neurological outcome, recurrence, and extent of resection.METHODSAll surgically treated PNSTs from the Division of Neurosurgery at Toronto Western Hospital from 1993 to 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. Data were collected on patient demographics, clinical presentation, surgical technique, extent of resection, postoperative neurological outcomes, and recurrence.RESULTSOne hundred seventy-five patients with 201 tumors had adequate follow-up for analysis. There were 182 benign and 19 malignant PNSTs. Of the benign lesions, 133 were schwannomas, 21 of which were associated with a diagnosis of schwannomatosis. There were 49 neurofibromas, and 26 were associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Patients presenting with schwannomas were significantly older than those with neurofibromas. Schwannomas were more readily resected than neurofibromas, with the extent of resection of the former influenced by tumor location. Patients with benign PNSTs typically presented with a painful mass and less frequently with motor deficits. The likelihood of worsened postoperative motor function was decreased in patients with fully resected tumors or preoperative deficits. Recurrence of schwannomas and neurofibromas were seen more frequently in patients diagnosed with NF3 and NF1, respectively. Subtotal resection was associated with the increased recurrence of all benign lesions.CONCLUSIONSOutcomes following resection of benign PNSTs depend on tumor histopathology, tumor location, and genetic predisposition syndrome. Gross-total resection should be attempted for benign lesions where possible. The management of malignant PNSTs remains challenging, requiring a multimodal approach.

An Overview of Dementias

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Venkata Vijaya K. Dalai ◽  
Jason E. Childress ◽  
Paul E Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementias ◽  
Made In

Dementia is a major public health concern that afflicts an estimated 24.3 million people worldwide. Great strides are being made in order to better diagnose, prevent, and treat these disorders. Dementia is associated with multiple complications, some of which can be life-threatening, such as dysphagia. There is great variability between dementias in terms of when dysphagia and other swallowing disorders occur. In order to prepare the reader for the other articles in this publication discussing swallowing issues in depth, the authors of this article will provide a brief overview of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, current treatment options, and implications for eating for the common forms of neurodegenerative dementias.

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors of the 8th Cranial Nerve Arising without Prior Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Carlson ◽  
Jeffrey Jacob ◽  
Elizabeth Habermann ◽  
Amy Wagie ◽  
Aditya Raghunathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Arising from a Solitary Neurofibroma in a Patient without Neurofibromatosis Type 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-521
Author(s):  
Fumihisa SAWADA ◽  
Eiichi MAKINO ◽  
Takenobu YAMAMOTO ◽  
Ryo TANAKA ◽  
Yutaka FUJIWARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Solitary Neurofibroma
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