Chronic heart failure diagnosis: genetics

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1781-1787
Author(s):  
Perry Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Functional Abnormality ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Heart Failure Diagnosis

Heart failure refers to a state in which the cardiac output, no longer compensated by endogenous mechanisms, fails to meet the metabolic demands of the body. Clinically, it is defined by symptoms of breathlessness, fatigue, fluid retention, and a cardiac structural or functional abnormality. Most cases of heart failure are caused by coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, and valvular heart disease, but the risk of heart failure also depends on genetic predisposition for the causative disorder as well as genetic variation that modulates the maladaptive pathophysiological response to pathophysiological stressors and the response to therapy. In a small, but almost certainly underdiagnosed proportion of cases, heart failure is caused by Mendelian genetic disorders of heart muscle (cardiomyopathies) that are mostly inherited as autosomal dominant traits characterized by locus and allelic heterogeneity and highly variable clinical expression. This chapter briefly reviews the clinical approach to the diagnosis of genetic disorders that cause heart failure and the role of genetic testing in everyday practice.

Clinico-pharmacological aspects of metoprolol use

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
G S Anikin ◽  
I M Chernova ◽  
V G Vinokurov
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Metoprolol Tartrate ◽  
Metoprolol Succinate ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathologies ◽  
Artery Disease

Over the years b-blocker metoprolol is one of the commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of various cardiovascular pathologies . The following review article discusses the classification of b-blockers , and pharmacokinetics of two metoprolol forms available on the market today: metoprolol tartrate (Vasocardin, Corvitolum, Egilok ) and metoprolol succinate (Betaloc ZOK). The role of metoprolol in the treatment of hypertension, coronary artery disease and heart failure is described here as well.

scholarly journals Multimodality imaging can shift the clinical approach and prognosis of a patient: from heart failure and angina to cardiac amyloidosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Alexandra Maria Chitroceanu ◽  
Alina Ioana Nicula ◽  
Roxana Cristina Rimbas ◽  
Mihaela Andreescu ◽  
Cristina Popp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Amyloidosis ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Life Threatening

AL (light chain) amyloidosis is a life threatening disease. Untreated patients with involvement of the heart, a condition known as cardiac amyloidosis (CA), tend to have the most rapid disease progression and worst prognosis. Therefore, it is essential to early recognize the signs of symptoms of CA, and to identify the affected individuals with readily available non-invasive tests, as timely therapy can prolong life. Different imaging tests are used to diagnose and stratify the risk of the disease noninvasively, and to follow-up of the disease course and response to therapy. In this light, we present a case of a woman with cardiovascular risk factors, initially admitted for typical angina and decompensated heart failure (HF), who was later diagnosed with AL amyloidosis with cardiac involvement, by using multimodality imaging assessment in a step-by-step fashion. This changed completely the prognosis of the patient. Timely chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation led to an improvement in clinical status, biomarkers, and in a regression of amyloid myocardial infi ltration showed by imaging.

HFrEF other treatment: revascularization

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1881-1884
Author(s):  
Eric Velazquez ◽  
Mark C. Petrie
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Artery Disease

Although coronary artery disease is the most common cause of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the role of revascularization as a treatment strategy to improve survival, reduce morbidity, and enhance the quality of life has only begun to be investigated in recent years. To date, a sole randomized controlled clinical trial has been completed. This chapter summarizes what is currently known and what is unknown with respect to revascularization for the treatment of HFrEF.

Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry L. Karon ◽  
Naveen L. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Ventricular Filling

Heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by the inability of the heart to maintain adequate cardiac output to meet the metabolic demands of the body while still maintaining normal or near-normal ventricular filling pressures. Heart failure may be present at rest, but often it is present only during exertion as a result of the dynamic nature of cardiac demands. For correct treatment of heart failure, the mechanism, underlying cause, and any reversible precipitating factors must be identified. Typical manifestations of heart failure are dyspnea and fatigue that limit activity tolerance and fluid retention leading to pulmonary or peripheral edema. The most recent proposed categorization divided the cardiomyopathies into primary and secondary cardiomyopathies, and the primary disorders are further subdivided as genetic, acquired, or mixed. Although this proposal takes into account our progressive understanding of this heterogeneous group of disorders, the previous phenotypic classification of dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive diseases still provides utility in day-to-day understanding and management of these disorders.

The Role of Coronary Artery Disease in Heart Failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Lala ◽  
Akshay S. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Heart failure and cardiorenal syndrome: a case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Valentina Zilioli ◽  
Marco Triggiani ◽  
Giacomo Faden ◽  
Elisa Locantore ◽  
Savina Nodari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Cardiorenal Syndrome ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Conventional Medical Therapy ◽  
Body Resistance ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome

Cardio-Renal Syndrome (CRS) is a renal dysfunction occurring in a large percentage of pts hospitalised for congestive heart failure (CHF). It is characterised by an excessive fluid retention inside the body, resistance to conventional medical therapy, worsening renal function (WRF) and higher mortality. The prevalence of CRS is likely increased because of the improved survival of HF patients. WRF occurs frequently among hospitalised HFF and is associated with a significantly worse outcome. Clinical features at admission can be used to identify patients at high risk for developing WRF. The clinical case presented concerns a 70-year-old diabetic man with post-ischemic cardiomyopathy and chronic kidney failure, admitted to our division for acute heart failure. During hospitalisation he showed a progressive WRF and resistance to diuretic treatment. After Ultrafiltration treatment there was a progressive clinical improvement. Many treatments have been investigated in order to improve renal function, but none has been demonstrated to improve clinical outcome. Currently Ultrafiltration is reserved to patients with volume overload when traditional medical therapies fail and/or patients become resistant to diuretics.

scholarly journals Role of Ayurveda in Stress and Related Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Gupta ◽  
Sarita Yadav ◽  
Arun Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
As Stress

Today is the world of competition and everybody is running day and night to achieve the best in their terms. The mankind is set into a new dimension of time where ceaseless activity throughout is making everybody restless. Overall result is the never ending physical and mental stress coming out in the form of variety of health disorders which can be called as stress related disorders like hypertension, coronary artery disease, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis and behavioral disorders like anxiety and depression. Ayurveda mentions the stress as Sahas and its impacts on the body as aggravation of Vata Dosha and Ojokshaya leading to lowered immunity and resulting number of diseases due to that, it also relates the stress to the degeneration in the body tissues causing early aging and reduced life span. Although Acharya Caraka states that in order to stay healthy and to save the life one should always avoid over-exerting himself, however, in today’s world, stress is an inevitable part of life and so the stress induced diseases. Therefore, instead of looking for the stress avoidance strategy it is important to work on preventing the effects of stress on the body and increasing the coping capacity of the body by life style modifications, dietary interventions and other means. Ayurveda relate the Sahas to Vata aggravation in the body and provides the solution to the problem in the form of Vata balancing diet and activity regimen, Vasti therapy, rejuvenation or Rasayana therapy and application of Yoga and Pranayama.

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