European Perspective

2019 ◽  
pp. 339-350
Author(s):  
Lieve Wierinck ◽  
Benjamin Baelus ◽  
Emilie Hoogland ◽  
Donata Lerda ◽  
Robert Mansel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Geographic Boundaries ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances ◽  
Pathway Of Care ◽  
Assurance Scheme ◽  
Quality Assurance Scheme ◽  
The Eu

Abstract: Cancer is a major health concern in the EU. Currently, it is the second largest cause of death in Europe, and, due to the rapidly ageing population, its prevalence is increasing. Cancer is expected to affect one in two people in the future. Given this significant impact on society, policymakers at both the European and national levels have devoted much attention to the battle against cancer. It should be noted, however, that the EU’s leverage within health policy is limited to complementing national policies through coordination or information sharing. By providing a framework for cooperation between national entities, the EU promotes efficient research and development, propagates best practices regarding cancer prevention and treatment, encourages information exchange, and regulates the use of carcinogenic substances. It facilitates coordination and cooperation by bringing stakeholders together and harmonizing the cancer policy between member states. The European quality assurance scheme for breast cancer services (the ‘European QA scheme’) covers the entire pathway of care from screening to end-of-life care, and it is person-centred and evidence-based. The European QA scheme is being developed for European countries, but its use, implementation, and impact may extend beyond geographic boundaries.

Economic Growth and Fiscal Sustainability in the EU: The Impact of an Ageing Population

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Carone ◽  
Declan Costello ◽  
Nuria Diez Guardia ◽  
Per Eckefeldt ◽  
Gilles Mourre
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals The burden of periodontal disease

Dental Update ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 907-913
Author(s):  
Kasim Butt ◽  
Razia Butt ◽  
Praveen Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Uk

Periodontal disease is the most common chronic inflammatory disease seen in humans. It is a major public health concern, and in its severe form affects approximately 10.8% or 743 million people aged 15−99 worldwide. Trends such as the rise of smoking in developing countries, the obesity and diabetes epidemic, coupled with an ageing population with greater tooth retention, are all likely to increase the burden of periodontitis still further in the UK and worldwide. Consequences of periodontitis include hypermobility of teeth, tooth migration, drifting and eventual tooth loss. Tooth loss can directly affect the quality of life of a person in terms of reduced functional capacity, self-esteem and social relationships. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article reports the prevalence of periodontal disease in the UK and worldwide, along with the consequences of periodontitis. The importance of timely diagnosis to avoid litigation is discussed, as is the importance of effective management of periodontitis in order to improve patients' oral health-related quality of life.

Practical Use and Effects of Scope Reductions in the Form of Reduction Lists

2018 ◽  
pp. 326-344
Author(s):  
Andreas Økland ◽  
Nils O. E. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Scope Management ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assurance Scheme ◽  
Quality Assurance Scheme

Scope management in the form of reduction lists was integrated in the quality assurance scheme for Norwegian public projects in 2001. This article presents findings on the actual use of reduction lists for major public construction projects Project representatives were contacted to obtain information about the actual use of pre-defined potential scope reductions. Eight of the 14 studied projects did not implement any of the predefined reductions. Six projects implemented some of the reductions. The scope reductions on the reduction lists are very specific and detailed, unlike general theory on scope management and cost control. However, the findings from the study are in line with the general theory; it was the most general scope and cost reductions that where used in practice. The study subsequently looked into the relationship between scope reductions and sustainability. Although the most frequently observed reduction was of the category “reduced quality or functionality”, sustainability was rarely affected with the notable exception of the railway infrastructure projects.

Country-by-Country Reporting and Other Financial Transparency Measures Affecting the European Union

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-157
Author(s):  
Petr Janský ◽  
Andres Knobel ◽  
Markus Meinzer ◽  
Tereza Palanská ◽  
Miroslav Palanský
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Virgin Islands ◽  
Cayman Islands ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Automatic Information ◽  
Financial Secrecy ◽  
The Eu

The EU faces large amounts of financial secrecy supplied to it by secrecy jurisdictions. In this chapter, we use the Bilateral Financial Secrecy Index to quantify which jurisdictions supply most secrecy to EU Member States. The chapter assesses the progress of two recent EU policy efforts to tackle financial secrecy: automatic exchange of country-by-country reporting (CbCR) data and black and grey list of non-cooperative jurisdictions. It is found that 34 per cent of the financial secrecy faced by the EU is supplied by other Member States, whose a priori exclusion from the blacklisting exercise reveals its fundamental flaw. Further 13 per cent is supplied by the EU’s dependencies, mainly the UK’s Cayman Islands, Bermuda, and Guernsey. The jurisdictions that supply the most secrecy not covered by automatic information exchange of CbCR data are the British Virgin Islands, United States, and Curacao. Finally the chapter discusses policy recommendations that stem from our analysis.

scholarly journals Characteristics, Occurrence, Detection and Detoxification of Aflatoxins in Foods and Feeds

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Nazhand ◽  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Massimo Lucarini ◽  
Eliana B. Souto ◽  
Antonello Santini
Keyword(s):  
Safety Concern ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Consumer Safety ◽  
Carcinogenic Substances ◽  
And Control ◽  
On Farm

Mycotoxin contamination continues to be a food safety concern globally, with the most toxic being aflatoxins. On-farm aflatoxins, during food transit or storage, directly or indirectly result in the contamination of foods, which affects the liver, immune system and reproduction after infiltration into human beings and animals. There are numerous reports on aflatoxins focusing on achieving appropriate methods for quantification, precise detection and control in order to ensure consumer safety. In 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2, M1 and M2 as group 1 carcinogenic substances, which are a global human health concern. Consequently, this review article addresses aflatoxin chemical properties and biosynthetic processes; aflatoxin contamination in foods and feeds; health effects in human beings and animals due to aflatoxin exposure, as well as aflatoxin detection and detoxification methods.

"Delfia" and "Amerlite": two sensitive nonisotopic immunoassay systems for assay of thyrotropin compared.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1421-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Parnham ◽  
I F Tarbit
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Nonthyroidal Illness ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Assurance Scheme ◽  
Quality Assurance Scheme

Abstract We assessed the LKB "Delfia" (time-resolved dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluoroimmunoassay) and the Amersham "Amerlite" (enhanced luminescent immunometry) assays of thyrotropin in serum. Both assays are sensitive (respective detection limits: 0.02 and 0.04 milli-int. unit/L) and have very good within- and between-batch precision over a wide range of thyrotropin concentrations. Results by the two methods correlate well (r = 0.992); the regression equation is: Amerlite = 0.915 Delfia - 0.33 milli-int. unit/L. The standard curve for the Delfia assay was linear, but that for the Amerlite assay showed some deviation from linearity below 0.5 milli-int. unit/L. Both assays have a negative bias in comparison with radiolabeled immunoradiometric assays, as judged by results for samples from the Quality Assurance Scheme. Both assays discriminate well between hyper-, hypo-, and euthyroid subjects, and results for thyrotropin for most patients with nonthyroidal illness were within the euthyroid reference interval. Both assays are convenient to perform and are based on systems that provide a viable alternative to radioimmunoassay.

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