Practical Use and Effects of Scope Reductions in the Form of Reduction Lists

2018 ◽  
pp. 326-344
Author(s):  
Andreas Økland ◽  
Nils O. E. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Scope Management ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Assurance Scheme ◽  
Quality Assurance Scheme

Scope management in the form of reduction lists was integrated in the quality assurance scheme for Norwegian public projects in 2001. This article presents findings on the actual use of reduction lists for major public construction projects Project representatives were contacted to obtain information about the actual use of pre-defined potential scope reductions. Eight of the 14 studied projects did not implement any of the predefined reductions. Six projects implemented some of the reductions. The scope reductions on the reduction lists are very specific and detailed, unlike general theory on scope management and cost control. However, the findings from the study are in line with the general theory; it was the most general scope and cost reductions that where used in practice. The study subsequently looked into the relationship between scope reductions and sustainability. Although the most frequently observed reduction was of the category “reduced quality or functionality”, sustainability was rarely affected with the notable exception of the railway infrastructure projects.

Scope Reductions as Tool for Cost Control in Construction Projects

2016 ◽  
pp. 733-748
Author(s):  
Nils O. E. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Scope Management ◽  
High Degree

Scope management is a key issue in construction projects. This paper studies scope reductions. Potential reductions of project scope as well as budget contingencies have been a tool for cost control of governmental investments in Norway since 2001. This paper studies implementation of such reduction in major construction projects in different governmental sectors. Project representatives were contacted to obtain information about actual use of pre-defined potential scope reductions. Eight of the 14 studied projects did not implement any of the predefined reductions. Six projects implemented some of the reductions. These reductions were mainly general reductions of the quality of the facilities. The Norwegian reduction lists are based on an unusually high degree of specification of potential actions for cost control. International best practice is more concerned with general approaches. To function as intended, possible reductions should be possible to implement late in a project. General contingencies appear to be more effective for cost control than predefined scope reductions.

scholarly journals Contractual Aspects in the Utilisation of Level Two Building Information Modelling (BIM) within Malaysian Public Construction Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 05002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Izani Ahmad Kamal Hasni ◽  
Zulhabri Ismail ◽  
Norfashiha Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Free Construction ◽  
Daunting Task ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
Level 2

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology and process that are transforming way of designing, constructing, operating and using the building or facility. In essence, BIM models is a platform for collaboration as it encourages intensive communication and interdependence among multidisciplinary project members. In Malaysia’s BIM Guide, this collaborative process can be seen in Level 2 BIM Maturity which all designers engaged in projects work together to create a single computer-generated 3D Model. From this process, many benefits that BIM promises such as clash free construction, quality of design and greater certainty could be achieved. Therefore, the Malaysian Government announced the implementation of at least 40% of Level 2 BIM for public projects costing RM100 million and above in 2019. However, despite mutual understanding between construction players, the full integration of BIM in the project lifecycle seems to be a daunting task. In the context of the Malaysian Public Sector, many uncertainties could arise pertaining to legal and contractual matters i.e. whether or not the existing contractual instruments are able to support the collaborative environment and digital information sharing that Level 2 BIM engenders. This paper presents a narrative review of published literature on the concept of Level 2 BIM and contractual consideration based on the utilisation of BIM within Malaysian Public construction projects, which includes books, government publications, conference presentation slides, newspaper articles and paper-based journal articles. This paper concludes that in order to legitimise multidisciplinary collaboration and integration of information in BIM within existing standard forms of contract, the development of a contract protocol and suitable procurement model are necessary.

FACTORS AFFECTING COST OVERRUN IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Algahtany
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
The Cost

Public construction projects in Saudi Arabia have been suffering from low performance for the past decade. Cost overrun is one of the most important issues in project’s performance and is nearly associated with most of public projects. The aim of this study is to identify and assess the major factors leading to cost overruns in education construction projects in the Northern Province of Saudi Arabia to minimize the risks’ effects in future projects. The research methodology started by identifying cost overrun factors through literature review, project’s documentations, and experts’ interviews. Professionals who worked at the construction projects undertook a questionnaire survey to investigate the importance of the cost overrun factors. The top factors of cost overrun were identified through the analysis of the factors’ occurrence and severity. The study main results included the top causes of cost overrun which are delay in contractors’ progress payment by client, difficulties in financing project by contractor, delays in sub-contractor’s work, additions of quantities such as excavation, backfill, and concrete works, and bid award for lowest price. The investigated risks in the study should be evaluated and mitigated in future projects to minimize their effects and enhance the industry performance.

scholarly journals Project manager personality traits towards project success: Moderated role of working experience in perspectives of small public construction projects in Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-250
Author(s):  
Syaharudin Shah Mohd Noor ◽  
◽  
Muneera Esa ◽  
Ernawati Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Aida Azlina Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Project Manager ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
The Relationship

Project success requires organisations and project managers to change strategies to satisfy stakeholders. Research into project success needs comprehensive analysis and approaches in various contexts, especially touching on non-technical skills (personality). This study aims to focus on examining the association of Project Manager Personality Traits (PMPTs) to the success of Small Public Construction Projects (SPCPs) and moderated by working experience. A survey was carried out to collect data using a structured Big Five Inventory (BFI) and Project Success Achieved Instrument (PSAI) questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used on a sample of 137 respondents for hypotheses testing and moderation effect analysis. Results show that PMPTs had a positive impact on the success of SPCPs. Conscientiousness (CT) and Agreeableness (AG) traits influence were more prominent when compared with other traits. While working experience does not moderate the relationship between PMPTs and the success of SPCPs. This study reflected the theoretical research of personality traits and their impact on the construction management industry. There have been limited studies of project success in the relationship with the BFI in the past, especially in the SPCPs context. The present study provides a basis for researchers interested in this area to examine further the use of BFI and PSAI as resources in other industries. Practically these findings may enable government or authorities to better align and suit project managers and their assigned project-based levels, where project managers are located in ministries overseeing small-scale projects. This study contributes theoretically to SPCPs literature by offering insights into project manager personality affecting project success and focus on selected agency in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Health and Safety Consideration in the Procurement of Public Construction Projects in Ghana

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Elijah Frimpong Boadu ◽  
Riza Yosia Sunindijo ◽  
Cynthia Changxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
Safety Consideration ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
Industry Professionals

This study explored the extent to which health and safety (H&S) are considered in the procurement of public sector projects in Ghana. This is based on the background that procurement decisions have implications for project H&S management. The enormous size of public procurement projects offers opportunities for public clients to influence the behaviour of the construction market including the promotion of H&S through procurement. To date, no study has fully assessed the extent of H&S considerations in procurement decisions for public sector construction projects in Ghana. To fill this gap, this research has provided an evidence-based assessment of H&S considerations in the various stages of the procurement process for public sector projects in Ghana. Through a questionnaire survey, data were collected from construction industry professionals in Ghana. The data were subjected to statistical analysis to evaluate the extent of H&S considerations. The findings suggest that H&S is given low priority in the procurement of public projects, because clear project objectives relating to H&S are not set, and adequate consideration is not given to H&S at the various procurement stages. Based on the findings, this research has made recommendations to promote H&S in public procurement in Ghana.

Managing relationships in large public projects: comparative study of China and Singapore

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-363
Author(s):  
Yongjian Ke ◽  
Florence Y.Y. Ling ◽  
Yan Ning ◽  
Zhe Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
The Comparative Study

Purpose One of the solutions to manage large public projects that are complex and difficult to manage is through relationship management. Although formal and relational approaches have been adopted in managing relationships, it is widely recognized that participants from developed and developing economies have different mindsets toward these two approaches. The purpose of this paper is hence to elucidate the more effective practices for managers to manage relationships in large public projects that are in countries of different sizes and stages of development. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire survey was conducted. Multiple stakeholders involved in public construction projects in Singapore and China that include public sector clients and consultants, private sector contractors and conszultants, were approached for data collection to provide information on one of their completed large public project. Findings Both Singapore and China primarily adopt contractual governance by making rational decisions, pursuing profit and using the contract to guard against trouble. Participants in Singapore are more deeply committed and work more collaboratively than their counterparts in China. Project partners in China build stronger relationships, which may be due to the importance of “guanxi” to conduct business activities there. Originality/value The comparative study provides managers with different sets of governance practices to adopt to improve the relationships with public clients in large public projects under different environments. In large public projects in developed countries, participants should rely more on relational practices that show commitment and teamwork, while those in developing countries participate in activities that build up their social networks.

scholarly journals The Effects of Strategic and Employee Factors on Project Performance of Iraqi Public Construction Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 959-962
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Project Failure ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Public Construction

There has been a persistent reported increase in project failure in many Iraqi’s construction public project. This has resulted in project withdrawal from contractors, and revoking of companies licenses due to weak performance. This study investigated the effect of strategic and employee factors on the performance of construction public projects in Iraqi. The findings indicated that strategic and employee factors were statistically significant and they are important determinants for performance measurement. On the overall, the employee factors are more important than strategic factors and its component rewards is the most important variables. There is therefore a need for policy makers in Iraqi to focus on strengthening the role of strategic and employee factors in enhancing the project performance in construction projects.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Construction Delay of Public Projects in Erbil Governorate

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Noori Sadeq Ali ◽  
Khalil Ismail Wali
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Public Project ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Public Construction ◽  
Causes Of Delays ◽  
Significant Factors

Delay is one of the greatest challenges facing the implementation of construction projects. The completion project time is considered one of the measure indicators for assessing the success of any project. Delays usually have negative impacts of financial and social to all parties involved in the projects. The aim of the study is to find the most important causes of delay by evaluating the common causes of delays in terms of frequency, severity, and important indices in implementation of public construction projects in Erbil Governorate related to owners, contractors, consultants, and external factors. The data gathered through conducting a questionnaire for perception various parties involved in implementation of public construction projects. For these purpose, 104 forms of questionnaire were distributed to various parts to identify the delay causes in accordance with their opinions. It was concluded that the most significant factors causing the delay in construction of public project in Erbil Governorate related to the owner were “variation orders by owner during the construction” which came in the first rank, while the cause of delay related to the consultant that came in the first rank was “unclear and inadequate details in drawings,” whereas the factor related to the contractor which came in the first rank was “selecting incompetent contractor.”

Scope Reductions as Tool for Cost Control in Construction Projects

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nils O. E. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Cost Control ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Scope Management ◽  
High Degree

Scope management is a key issue in construction projects. This paper studies scope reductions. Potential reductions of project scope as well as budget contingencies have been a tool for cost control of governmental investments in Norway since 2001. This paper studies implementation of such reduction in major construction projects in different governmental sectors. Project representatives were contacted to obtain information about actual use of pre-defined potential scope reductions. Eight of the 14 studied projects did not implement any of the predefined reductions. Six projects implemented some of the reductions. These reductions were mainly general reductions of the quality of the facilities. The Norwegian reduction lists are based on an unusually high degree of specification of potential actions for cost control. International best practice is more concerned with general approaches. To function as intended, possible reductions should be possible to implement late in a project. General contingencies appear to be more effective for cost control than predefined scope reductions.

Factors Affecting the Client's Performance in the Public Construction Projects: Case Study of Oman

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. AlBarami ◽  
◽  
Sivadass Thiruchelvam ◽  
Ahmmed S.Ibrehem ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Client Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Public Construction

Despite the vast research on construction projects management issues in the Middle-East, little is known about client involvement in public projects. This article presents a study on identifying significant factors affecting client participation performance in public construction projects in the Sultanate of Oman. The study was conducted in quantitative approach where the data was collected through questionnaire survey. The collected data was analysed statistically to determine the ranking of the identifiedfactors based on the degree of involvement in the project. The study found that the handover phase had the highest client’s participation, while the operations and maintenance phase had the lowest client’s participation among all the five construction phases. The low client participation in any project has an undesirable influence on the projects’ overall outcomes. Consequently, this condition has harmed the time of completion of construction projects in the Sultanate of Oman. This condition is also the main reason for the quality problems in construction projects in Oman.

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