Sudden cardiac death

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Qureshi ◽  
Kim Rajappan
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Men 2 ◽  
The Us

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as unexpected death due to a cardiac disease, in a patient with or without known cardiac disease and which occurs within 1 hour from the appearance of the first clinical symptoms. The sudden cessation of cardiac activity leads to haemodynamic collapse, typically due to sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The event is described as an aborted SCD (or sudden cardiac arrest) when an intervention (e.g. defibrillation) or spontaneous reversion restores circulation. The lack of uniformity with this definition complicates SCD statistics. By convention, the use of SCD to describe both fatal and non-fatal cardiac arrests persists. SCD continues to be a leading cause of death in Western countries, and accounts for 15%–20% of all natural deaths in adults in the US and Western Europe, and up to 50% of all cardiovascular deaths. In the US, estimates of SCDs from retrospective death certificate analyses range from 300 000 to 350 000 annually, giving an incidence of 0.1%–0.2% per year amongst the population above the age of 35 years. Event rates are said to be similar in Europe, although worldwide incidence is difficult to estimate and varies in accordance to the prevalence of CHD. The incidence of SCD increases with age and underlying cardiac disease. There is also a male preponderance, with men 2–3 times more likely to experience SCD than women, and this reflects the higher incidence of CHD in men.

scholarly journals Autoantibodies for Cardiac Channels and Sudden Cardiac Death and its Relationship to Autoimmune Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hymie Chera ◽  
Menachem Nagar ◽  
Aaron Richler ◽  
Mahyar Pourriahi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Sadawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) is an unexpected death caused by heart dysfunction. Autoantibodies against cardiac proteins may be potentially involved in the occurrence and progression of cardiac disease and SCD. The first report on the role of autoantibodies in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy appeared in the 1980s. In recent years new studies on the effects of the presence of specific autoantibodies and their relationship to ventricular arrhythmias and SCD were published. The purpose of the current mini-review is to analyze the results of the research studies focused on the relationship between anti-cardiomyocyte autoantibodies and SCD with respect to autoimmune disorders. Conclusion: According to our analysis, more research is needed to understand the role of these autoantibodies against cardiac proteins in the SCD pathogenesis, and potentially employ this knowledge for improving prognosis of SCD.

Postmortem Specificity of Troponin for Acute Miocard Infarction Diagnosis throug Qualitative Dosing from Pericardial Fluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2482-2486
Author(s):  
Iuliana Hunea ◽  
Simona Irina Damian ◽  
Carmen Corina Radu ◽  
Sorin Moldoveanu ◽  
Tatiana Iov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Lethal Arrhythmia ◽  
Myocardial Lesions

Cardiac disease is the leading cause of death, and sudden cardiac death occupies the first place in sudden deaths of natural causes. Sudden cardiac death due to lethal arrhythmia may be the first manifestation of a cardiac disease, such cases becoming suspect dead, thus forensic cases. The autopsy performed in such cases may reveal important cardiovascular disease but not obvious macroscopic or histological changes of acute myocardial infarction (IMA), except for cases of survival for several hours after the onset of the symptomatology. Biochemical markers were used to test for myocardial lesions in the absence of morphological changes. Methods for determining myoglobin, CK-MB, troponin T (cTn T), troponin I (cTn I) were introduced to the clinic to diagnose the condition of patients with chest pain as early as the 1990s. The lack of pathognomonic elements in corps investigations, where part of the analysis cannot be carried out, requires verification of the value of the investigations that can be carried out, with reference to the biochemical in the present case, in establishing the diagnosis with certainty.

Understanding Circadian Mechanisms of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Report From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop, Part 1: Basic and Translational Aspects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Delisle ◽  
Alfred L. George ◽  
Jeanne M. Nerbonne ◽  
Joseph T. Bass ◽  
Crystal M. Ripplinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Blood Institute ◽  
Physiological Importance ◽  
National Heart ◽  
National Heart Lung

Sudden cardiac death (SCD), the unexpected death due to acquired or genetic cardiovascular disease, follows distinct 24-hour patterns in occurrence. These 24-hour patterns likely reflect daily changes in arrhythmogenic triggers and the myocardial substrate caused by day/night rhythms in behavior, the environment, and endogenous circadian mechanisms. To better address fundamental questions regarding the circadian mechanisms, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a workshop, Understanding Circadian Mechanisms of Sudden Cardiac Death. We present a 2-part report of findings from this workshop. Part 1 summarizes the workshop and serves to identify research gaps and opportunities in the areas of basic and translational research. Among the gaps noted: a lack of standardization in animal studies for reporting environmental conditions (eg, timing of experiments relative to the light dark cycle or animal housing temperatures) that can impair rigor and reproducibility. Workshop participants also pointed to uncertainty regarding the importance of maintaining normal circadian rhythmic synchrony and the potential pathological impact of desynchrony in SCD risk. One related question raised was whether circadian mechanisms can be targeted to reduce SCD risk. Finally, the experts underscored the need for studies aimed at determining the physiological importance of circadian clocks in the many different cell types important to normal heart function and SCD. Addressing these gaps could lead to new therapeutic approaches/molecular targets that can mitigate the risk of SCD not only at certain times but over the entire 24-hour period.

scholarly journals Cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death registries: a systematic review of global coverage

Open Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Davida Paratz ◽  
Luke Rowsell ◽  
Dominica Zentner ◽  
Sarah Parsons ◽  
Natalie Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Population Coverage ◽  
Case Identification ◽  
Variation In Care ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Global Coverage ◽  
Global Health Problem

BackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major global health problem, accounting for up to 20% of deaths in Western societies. Clinical quality registries have been shown in a range of disease conditions to improve clinical management, reduce variation in care and improve outcomes.AimTo identify existing cardiac arrest (CA) and SCD registries, characterising global coverage and methods of data capture and validation.MethodsBiomedical and public search engines were searched with the terms ‘registry cardio*’; ‘sudden cardiac death registry’ and ‘cardiac arrest registry’. Registries were categorised as either CA, SCD registries or ‘other’ according to prespecified criteria. SCD registry coordinators were contacted for contemporaneous data regarding registry details.ResultsOur search strategy identified 49 CA registries, 15 SCD registries and 9 other registries (ie, epistries). Population coverage of contemporary CA and SCD registries is highly variable with registries densely concentrated in North America and Western Europe. Existing SCD registries (n=15) cover a variety of age ranges and subpopulations, with some enrolling surviving patients (n=8) and family members (n=5). Genetic data are collected by nine registries, with the majority of these (n=7) offering indefinite storage in a biorepository.ConclusionsMany CA registries exist globally, although with inequitable population coverage. Comprehensive multisource surveillance SCD registries are fewer in number and more challenging to design and maintain. Challenges identified include maximising case identification and case verification.Trial registration numberCRD42019118910.

1. Sudden Unexplained Death in a Psychiatric Patient – A Case Report: The Role of Phenothiazines and Physical Restraint

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Sudden Unexplained Death ◽  
Unexplained Death ◽  
The Subject

Psychotropic drug use has long been associated with sudden unexplained and unexpected death in psychiatric patients despite controversies surrounding the issue. Physical restraint following violent episodes in psychiatric in-patients is also associated with neurally mediated sudden cardiac death. A case where these two mechanisms have jointly resulted in sudden death is reported. The literature on the subject is reviewed and the measures which may be useful in reducing the incidence of such deaths are discussed. The need for accurate and detailed reporting of such cases is emphasized.

scholarly journals Predictors of sudden cardiac arrest in adolescents with mitral valve prolapse: an analysis of the nationwide inpatient sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Narasimhan ◽  
L Wu ◽  
C.H Lucas ◽  
K Bhatia ◽  
A Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Family History ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Mitral Valve Prolapse ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most commonly encountered valvular pathology seen in 2–3% of the general population. Though traditionally regarded as a benign pathology, recent literature suggests that sudden cardiac death is significantly more common in these patients with estimates of 0.2–0.4%/year. The exact underlying mechanism of these higher rates of SCD remain poorly understood. In this study, we aim to identify predictors of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in an adolescent population. Methods We conducted a retrospective study using the AHRQ-HCUP National Inpatient Sample 2016-2017 for the years 2016-17. All patients (≤18 years) admitted with Mitral valve prolapse were identified using ICD-10 codes and further sub stratified based on presence or absence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Baseline characteristics were obtained and multivariate regression analysis was utilized to identify potential predictors of SCA. Independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality were identified using a proportional hazards model. Complications were defined as per the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality guideline. Results We screened a total of 71,473,874 admissions in the NIS database to identify a total of 1,372 adolescent patients admitted with MVP in the years 2016–17. These patients were then sub-categorized based on presence or absence of SCA during the hospitalization. Our findings revealed that patients with SCA were generally slightly older (15y vs 13y, p=0.036, OR-1.1, p=0.007) and more likely female (83.3% vs 13%, p=0.227, OR – 3.55, p=0.57)). Interestingly, patients in the SCA cohort were noted to have almost 4 fold higher rates of Mitral regurgitation (66.6% vs 18.35%, p=0.008, OR-8.89, p=0.005) as well as family history of SCD (16.7% vs 4.1%, p=0.145, OR-4.65, p=0.14). Conclusions Presence of Mitral regurgitation and a family history of sudden cardiac death are associated with significantly higher rates of SCA in adolescent patients with mitral valve prolapse. Predictors of SCA in Adolescent MVP Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Sudden cardiac death among persons with diabetes aged 1–49 years: a 10-year nationwide study of 14 294 deaths in Denmark

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (28) ◽  
pp. 2699-2706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hadberg Lynge ◽  
Jesper Svane ◽  
Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard ◽  
Gunnar Gislason ◽  
Christian Torp-Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Risk Monitoring ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Type 1 Dm ◽  
Discharge Summaries

Abstract Aims The aim of this study was to compare nationwide incidence rate (IR) of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in persons aged 1–49 years with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods and results The study population consisted of all persons in Denmark aged 1–49 years in 2000–09, which equals 27.1 million person-years. All 14 294 deaths in the 10-year period were included. By using the highly descriptive Danish death certificates, 1698 cases of sudden and unexpected death were identified. Through review of autopsy reports, discharge summaries, and the Danish registries, we identified 1363 cases of SCD. The Danish Register of Medicinal Product Statistics was used to identify persons with type 1 DM and type 2 DM. Among the 14 294 decedents, there were 669 with DM, of which 118 suffered SCD (9% of all SCD), making SCD the leading cause of death among young persons with DM. Among those aged 1–35 years, the IR of SCD-DM was 21.9 per 100 000 person-years compared to 2.6 per 100 000 person-years among persons without DM [IR ratio 8.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.8–28.6]. Within the age range 36–49 years, the IR among persons with DM was 119.8 per 100 000 person-years compared to 19.7 per 100 000 person-years among persons without DM (IR ratio 6.1, 95% CI 4.7–7.8). Conclusion We found that young persons with DM aged 1–35 years had >8-fold higher SCD IR compared to young persons without DM. Our study highlights the need for early cardiovascular risk monitoring and assessment in young persons with DM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document