scholarly journals The mental state examination

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Mental Test ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Abbreviated Mental Test ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Future Reference

The chapter outlines traditional categories used to capture the current condition of a patient’s state of mind such as appearance and behaviour, mood, speech, thought content, abnormal beliefs and experiences. It suggests questions to ask and how to organize the material. The chapter encourages a descriptive approach in which examples from the interview are recorded to help future reference and help other clinicians make judgements as to significance. Guidance is also given on examining the cognitive state and interpreting intelligence. Further advice is offered on examining the mental state in the elderly, particularly interpreting cognitive impairment using scales–the Addenbrookes’ Cognitive Examination, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the Abbreviated Mental Test .

scholarly journals Sentence writing in the cognitive assessment of the elderly

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Robert Howard ◽  
Martin Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Abbreviated Mental Test ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
State Examination

Testing the ability to write a simple sentence has long formed part of the clinical assessment of the cognitive state in the elderly, and has even been incorporated into standard brief cognitive tests (Folstein et al, 1975). Writing a sentence tests a number of faculties including language skills and praxis. As part of a comparative study of four tests of cognitive function—the Felix Post Unit (Institute of Psychiatry, 1987), Mini Mental State Examination (Folstein et al, 1975), Abbreviated Mental Test (Qureshi & Hodkinson, 1974) and Medical Research Council (MRC, 1987) – sentences written by 158 elderly newly admitted psychiatric patients, as requested in the Mini Mental State, were collected. Our aims were to assess the value of sentence-writing in discriminating between dementia and depression, and to compare the style and content of what was written. Would the material chosen by the patients for their sentences be associated with their diagnoses? In particular, would depressives write miserable sentences and the demented be more likely to write nonsense?

scholarly journals Combining functional scales and cognitive tests in screening for mild cognitive impairment at a university-based memory clinic in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabella Dutra de Abreu ◽  
Paula Villela Nunes ◽  
Breno Satler Diniz ◽  
Orestes Vicente Forlenza
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
State Examination

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination combined to the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly for the identification of mild cognitive impairment. METHOD: 191 elderly subjects were assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination, and their informants were assessed with the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. Subjects were divided into three groups according to their cognitive state (controls: n = 67, mild cognitive impairment: n = 65 and dementia: n = 59), which was ascertained by clinical and neuropsychological evaluation. The diagnostic accuracy of each test in the discrimination of diagnostic groups (mild cognitive impairment vs. controls, mild cognitive impairment vs. dementia and dementia vs. controls) was examined with the aid of ROC curves. We additionally verified if the combination of both tests would increase diagnostic accuracy for mild cognitive impairment and control identification. RESULTS: The combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly scores did not increase the Mini-Mental State Examination diagnostic accuracy in the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: The present data do not warrant the combination of the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly as a sufficient diagnostic tool in the diagnostic screening for mild cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Use of rating scales by consultant psychiatrists

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 329-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Rice ◽  
Peter Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental Test ◽  
Psychiatric Status ◽  
Abbreviated Mental Test ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Difficult Cases

The number and diversity of rating scales and tests of psychiatric status has increased dramatically in the last 20 to 30 years. Tests are in screening, e.g. for dementia the Mini Mental State Examination and the Abbreviated Mental Test; to aid clarification of the diagnosis in difficult cases, e.g. Walton-Black New Word Learning Test, to differentiate between depression and dementia; and in assessing severity of symptoms, e.g. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.

Brief cognitive screening of the elderly: a comparison of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) and Mental Status Questionnaire (MSQ)

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. MacKenzie ◽  
P. Copp ◽  
R. J. Shaw ◽  
G. M. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Status ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Mental Test ◽  
Abbreviated Mental Test ◽  
State Examination

SynopsisOne hundred and fifty unselected elderly community subjects were assessed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT) and Mental Status Questionnaire (MSQ). The effects on cognitive test scores of potential confounding (non-cognitive) variables were evaluated. Sensitivities and specificities were: MMSE 80% and 98%; AMT 77% and 90%; and MSQ 70% and 89%. The MMSE identified significantly fewer false positives than the AMT and MSQ. The major effect of intelligence on cognitive test scores has previously been underestimated. Age, social class, sensitivity of hearing and history of stroke were also significantly correlated with cognitive test scores. Years of full time education and depression only affected the longer MMSE and CAMCOG. The MMSE (cut-off 20/21) can be recommended for routine screening. However, as scores are affected by variables other than cognitive function, particularly intelligence, further assessment of identified cases may fail to reveal significant functional impairment.

The Elderly Expectations of the Caregiver’s Sociodemographic Preferences: a Qualitative Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Gondodiputro ◽  
Dahlia Santika Hutasoit ◽  
Lina Rahmiati
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Volunteer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
State Examination

Prevalence of chronic diseases and disability will increase at the advancing age. In the future, the need for the caregiver will increase. Only few studies about the expectations of the elderly towards the sociodemographics status of the caregiver found. Unfulfilled expectations of the elderly towards their caregivers may cause both health and non-health issues. The purpose of this study was to explore the elderly expectations of the caregiver’s sociodemographic preferences. A qualitative study was carried out to 7 elderly aged 64–77 years old from July to August 2018 in Bandung city. These elderly selected from 7 integrated care posts (pos pembinaan terpadu/posbindu) that met the inclusion criteria: aged 60 years old and above; male or female; capable of communicating adeptly, and no dementia by undergoing the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). A one-on-one interview was conducted at the residence of the elderly using an interview guide consisted of several opened questions related to the caregiver’s sociodemographic preferences. A content analysis was carried out. This study discovered that the elderly preferred their family members or relatives whom they can trust to become their caregivers (their children and grandchildren). Most of these elderly also preferred daughters who live with them and has a decent income. If the family members could not become their caregiver then their neighbor or a community volunteer/cadre, they knew well, and trust to be their caregiver. It concluded that the elderly prefer their daughters who live with them and has a decent income to be their caregivers. EKSPEKTASI USIA LANJUT TERHADAP STATUS SOSIODEMOGRAFI CAREGIVER: SUATU PENDEKATAN KUALITATIFPrevalensi penyakit kronis dan disablilitas akan meningkat dengan pertambahan usia. Hal ini berdampak pada kebutuhan terhadap caregiver akan meningkat pula. Penelitian tentang ekspektasi usia lanjut terhadap status sosiodemografi caregiver belum banyak dilakukan. Ekspektasi usia lanjut merupakan faktor penting karena bila ekspektasi tersebut tidak terpenuhi maka akan berisiko timbul masalah kesehatan dan nonkesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengeksplorasi ekspektasi usia lanjut terhadap status sosiodemografi caregiver. Studi kualitatif dilakukan terhadap 7 orang usia lanjut berusia 64–77 tahun pada Juli hingga Agustus 2018 di Kota Bandung. Para usia lanjut berasal dari 7 pos pembinaan terpadu (posbindu) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu usia ≥60 tahun, laki-laki atau perempuan, dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik, dan tidak demensia dengan dilakukan mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Wawancara dilakukan di kediaman informan masing-masing menggunakan panduan wawancara terkait pertanyaan dengan preferensi sosiodemografi caregiver. Analisis konten dilakukan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa usia lanjut lebih memilih anggota keluarga mereka yang dapat dipercaya untuk menjadi caregiver terutama anak dan cucu. Anak perempuan yang tinggal bersama usia lanjut dan memiliki penghasilan layak menjadi pilihan utama. Jika anggota keluarga tidak dapat menjadi caregiver maka tetangga atau kader yang mereka kenal baik dan dipercaya menjadi pilihan. Simpulan, pilihan utama caregiver bagi usia lanjut, yaitu anak perempuan mereka yang tinggal bersama dan memiliki penghasilan layak.

The Diagnosis of Dementia in the Elderly a Comparison of CAMCOG (the Cognitive Section of CAMDEX), the AGECAT Program, DSM–III, the Mini-Mental State Examination and Some Short Rating Scales

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Blessed ◽  
S. E. Black ◽  
T. Butler ◽  
D. W. K. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Visual Deficits ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Organic Syndrome ◽  
State Examination

The performance of CAMCOG, the cognitive section of the CAMDEX, is compared in a non-random sample of 222 elderly people with diagnoses based on agecat and on DSM–III criteria, and with the MMSE and some short rating scales. With a cut-off point of 69/70 and agecat organic syndrome as the criterion, the sensitivity of CAMCOG was 97% and the specificity 91%. However, 21% of DSM–III diagnoses of dementia scored above this cut-off; these were mostly mild cases. The correlation between CAMCOG and MMSE scores was 0.87, and the advantage of CAMCOG may be more apparent in longitudinal studies. Multivariate analyses showed that CAMCOG scores are affected by age, sociocultural factors and hearing and visual deficits in addition to dementia, but not by depression. There was a suggestion that individual subsections are differentially affected.

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