The contribution of epidemiology to psychiatric aetiology

2012 ◽  
pp. 280-290
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

The epidemiology of psychiatric disorders has shown the extent to which these are present in all human populations. It has also provided a large body of knowledge about aetiology. Now that biological including genetic information can be added to data on environmental exposures, opportunities for further advancement carry much promise.

EEG correlates of cognitive functions and neuropsychiatric disorders: A review of oscillatory activity and neural synchrony abnormalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Amidfar ◽  
Yong-Ku Kim
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Spectral Power ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

Background: A large body of evidence suggested that disruption of neural rhythms and synchronization of brain oscillations are correlated with variety of cognitive and perceptual processes. Cognitive deficits are common features of psychiatric disorders that complicate treatment of the motivational, affective and emotional symptoms. Objective: Electrophysiological correlates of cognitive functions will contribute to understanding of neural circuits controlling cognition, the causes of their perturbation in psychiatric disorders and developing novel targets for treatment of cognitive impairments. Methods: This review includes description of brain oscillations in Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder, attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and autism. Results: The review clearly shows that the reviewed neuropsychiatric diseases are associated with fundamental changes in both spectral power and coherence of EEG oscillations. Conclusion: In this article we examined nature of brain oscillations, association of brain rhythms with cognitive functions and relationship between EEG oscillations and neuropsychiatric diseases. Accordingly, EEG oscillations can most likely be used as biomarkers in psychiatric disorders.

Finance and Investment: The European Case

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Equity Financing ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

This book is the product of a two-year research programme entitled Restarting European Long-Term Investment Finance (RELTIF), organized by Assonime and the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) in London. The programme brought together leading researchers from across the world to consider the causes of the persistently low level of investment in Europe, to examine the extent to which the financial system was a contributory factor and to identify possible policy remedies for it. It considered the relation of finance to corporate sector investment, the lending behaviour of banks, the provision of equity financing, the role of public sector institutions, regulation, and taxation. The chapters in this volume provide one of the most comprehensive and thorough analyses of any financial system that has been undertaken to date. They reflect a large body of research using new and existing data sets, employing advanced empirical tools, and exploiting the unique insights provided by the tumultuous events of the financial and sovereign debt crises. Together they comprise an exceptional body of knowledge to advance academic thinking and guide policy formulation in the future.

The case for NLP-enhanced database tuning

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1159-1165
Author(s):  
Immanuel Trummer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Web Documents ◽  
Natural Language Text ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Automated Tuning ◽  
Database Tuning

A large body of knowledge on database tuning is available in the form of natural language text. We propose to leverage natural language processing (NLP) to make that knowledge accessible to automated tuning tools. We describe multiple avenues to exploit NLP for database tuning, and outline associated challenges and opportunities. As a proof of concept, we describe a simple prototype system that exploits recent NLP advances to mine tuning hints from Web documents. We show that mined tuning hints improve performance of MySQL and Postgres on TPC-H, compared to the default configuration.

Understanding Project Data

2008 ◽  
pp. 303-374
Author(s):  
Emilia Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Estimation Models

The objective of this chapter is to provide an introduction to statistical techniques and concepts that are frequently used when dealing with data for effort estimation. The concepts presented here are in no way exhaustive since statistics comprises a very large body of knowledge where entire books are devoted to specific topics. The parts that are the focus of this chapter are those that are necessary to use when building effort estimation models, and also when comparing different effort estimation techniques.

The Object-Oriented Design Knowledge

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Javier Garzas ◽  
Mario Piattini
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Object Oriented Design ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

In order to establish itself as a branch of engineering, a profession must understand its accumulated knowledge. In this regard, software engineering has advanced greatly in recent years, but it still suffers from the lack of a structured classification of its knowledge. In this sense, in the field of object-oriented micro-architectural design designers have accumulated a large body of knowledge and it is still have not organized or unified. Therefore, items such as design patterns are the most popular example of accumulated knowledge, but other elements of knowledge exist such as principles, heuristics, best practices, bad smells, refactorings, and so on, which are not clearly differentiated; indeed, many are synonymous and others are just vague concepts.

scholarly journals Synthesizing knowledge of the Claybelt to promote sustainable forest management

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lefort ◽  
B Harvey ◽  
J Parton ◽  
G KM Smith
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Natural Disturbance ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Forest Practices

A review of the scientific literature relevant to the Claybelt region was undertaken under the initiative of Lake Abitibi Model Forest (LAMF) and in collaboration with the Canadian Forest Service, the Ontario and Quebec Ministries of Natural Resources and the NSERC-UQAT-UQAM (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council – Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue – Université du Québec à Montréal) Industrial Chair in Sustainable forest Management. The objective was to synthesize this information in order to develop better forestry practices and identify knowledge and research gaps. Forestry-related knowledge was gathered on six broad topics: i) natural disturbances, ii) forest ecosystems, iii) past and present forest practices, iv) biological diversity, v) forest management and vi) examples of current applications of natural disturbance-based forest management. The work allowed us to synthesize a large body of knowledge into one publication that will be a useful reference for foresters in both provinces. Key words: biodiversity, Claybelt, even-aged/uneven-aged forests, fire, silvicultural practices

scholarly journals Calculating Biological Module Enrichment or Depletion and Visualizing Data on Large-scale Molecular Maps with ACSNMineR and RNaviCell R packages

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Deveau ◽  
Emmanuel Barillot ◽  
Valentina Boeva ◽  
Andrei Zinovyev ◽  
Eric Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Body ◽  
R Package ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Biological Databases ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

AbstractBiological pathways or modules represent sets of interactions or functional relationships occurring at the molecular level in living cells. A large body of knowledge on pathways is organized in public databases such as the KEGG, Reactome, or in more specialized repositories, such as the Atlas of Cancer Signaling Network (ACSN). All these open biological databases facilitate analyses, improving our understanding of cellular systems. We hereby describe the R packageACSNMineRfor calculation of enrichment or depletion of lists of genes of interest in biological pathways. ACSNMineR integrates ACSN molecular pathways, but can use any molecular pathway encoded as a GMT file, for instance sets of genes available in the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). We also present the R packageRNaviCell, that can be used in conjunction withACSNMineRto visualize different data types on web-based, interactive ACSN maps. We illustrate the functionalities of the two packages with biological data taken from large-scale cancer datasets.

Leucotomy in the Periodic Psychoses

1949 ◽  
Vol 95 (398) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. Jones ◽  
P. K. McCowan
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Human Economy ◽  
Similar Report ◽  
Made In

Periodicity as a phenomenon in nature has been known and studied from time immemorial, Astronomy and other sciences have built up a large body of knowledge which goes a long way towards explaining periodicity in the spheres with which they concern themselves. As it appears in the animal kingdom, however, the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon are still largely unrevealed. Of late years the hypothesis has been advanced that many of the periodic happenings in the human economy are subserved by the hypothalamus. Thus menstrual periodicity is held to be due to the hypothalamus acting in conjunction with the endocrine system. This paper is a small contribution to this hypothesis, maintaining as it does that the periodicity observed in certain psychoses is due to the influence of the hypothalamus on the prefrontal cortex. So far no similar report has been made in the large literature dealing with leucotomy and it therefore seemed worth while to give our results in some detail.

scholarly journals New Insights into HIV/AIDS-Associated Cryptococcosis

ISRN AIDS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spinello Antinori
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcal Meningitis ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Therapy Programme

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection in both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients. According to the most recent taxonomy, the responsible fungus is classified into a complex that contains two species (Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii), with eight major molecular types. HIV infection is recognized worldwide as the main underlying disease responsible for the development of cryptococcal meningitis (accounting for 80–90% of cases). In several areas of sub-Saharan Africa with the highest HIV prevalence despite the recent expansion of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy programme, cryptococcal meningitis is the leading cause of community-acquired meningitis with a high mortality burden. Although cryptococcal meningitis should be considered a neglected disease, a large body of knowledge has been developed by several studies performed in recent years. This paper will focus especially on new clinical aspects such as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, advances on management, and strategies for the prevention of clinical disease.

Enterprise Cost/Benefit Risk Analysis Using FMEA

2010 ◽  
pp. 484-491
Author(s):  
Maria Manuela Cunha ◽  
Goran D. Putnik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Computer Integrated Manufacturing ◽  
Virtual Enterprises ◽  
Enterprise Integration ◽  
Integrated Manufacturing ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Engineering Projects

A large body of knowledge covering enterprise integration architectures, modelling, and methodologies (EIAM&M) has been developed covering various types of enterprises. Most viewpoints have been either static or cycle based, with the major drivers being design and implementation of computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) plant and major engineering projects including virtual enterprises (Bernus & Nemes, 1996, p. 377- 450; Whitman & Huff, 1997; Williams, Rathwell, & Li, 2001).

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