Burns first aid

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Jorge Leon-Villapolas
Keyword(s):  
Operative Management ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Tissue Preservation ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Way

In the UK alone there are approximately 175,000 acute burn injuries /year. There is a great variation in the way these injuries are managed. Advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and natural history of burn injuries have highlighted the importance of early intervention in minimizing later functional and cosmetic morbidity. Differences in beliefs and ethnic background have a large impact on the way that burns are initially dealt with, as we know that only a minority of patients presenting with burns are optimally managed pre-hospital. Lack of education and conflicting information about burns first aid is believed to be a major factor in the common occurrence of burnt patients presenting with a variety of domestic remedies being applied to their burns as first aid. Judicious application of simple burns first aid is the first step for soft tissue preservation, improvement of outcomes and a decrease in the need for operative management.

Examples of twinning and parallel growth in zircons from some Precambrian granites and gneisses

1974 ◽  
Vol 39 (305) ◽  
pp. 587-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jocelyn ◽  
R. T. Pidgeon
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Chemical Corrosion ◽  
Growth History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Growth Zones ◽  
The Common ◽  
Transverse Fractures ◽  
Parallel Growth

SummaryGrowth twins, parallel growths, and necked crystals are described from zircon populations from granitic gneisses from the Precambrian of SW. Greenland. From observations of the distribution of internal growth zones it is concluded that whereas twinning takes place early in the growth history of elbow twins it can occur at any time during crystallization of the zircon. Parallel growth is attributed to a process of synneusis or attachment of zircons that have initially undergone separate growth histories. This implies that viscosity conditions of the rocks were low enough to permit the movement and collision of growing zircon crystals. The common occurrence of zircons with central constrictions, sometimes superimposed on transverse fractures, in zircon suites from the granitic gneisses is explained in terms of late-stage chemical corrosion accompanied by brittle fracturing.

Adolescent Psychiatry Services

1995 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Jaffa
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
High Quality ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Way

BackgroundThe way in which psychiatric services for adolescents in the UK are developing will be affected by recent changes in the organisation of the National Health Service.MethodThe history of these services, and the different opportunities for development are reviewed.ResultsWays in which high-quality clinical care can still be provided are indicated.ConclusionAdolescent psychiatric services should be judged on their ability to provide such care, not merely on their ability to survive.

scholarly journals Before compassion: sympathy, tact and the history of the ideal nurse

2020 ◽  
pp. medhum-2019-011842
Author(s):  
Sarah Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Personal Characteristic ◽  
Personal Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Way

The word ‘compassion’ is ubiquitous in modern healthcare. Yet few writers agree on what the term means, and what makes it an essential trait in nursing. In this article, I take a historical approach to the problem of understanding compassion. Although many modern writers have assumed that compassion is a universal and unchanging trait, my research reveals that the term is extremely new to healthcare, only becoming widely used in 2009. Of course, even if compassion is a new term in nursing, the concept could have previously existed under another name. I thus consider the emotional qualities associated with the ideal nurse during the interwar period in the UK. While compassion was not mentioned in nursing guidance in this era another term, ‘sympathy’, made frequent appearance. The interwar concept of sympathy, however, differs significantly from the modern one of compassion. Sympathy was not an isolated concept. In the interwar era, it was most often linked to the nurse’s tact or diplomacy. A closer investigation of this link highlights the emphasis laid on patient management in nursing in this period, and the way class differentials in emotion between nurse and patient were considered essential to the efficient running of hospitals. This model of sympathy is very different from the way the modern ‘compassion’ is associated with patient satisfaction or choice. Although contemporary healthcare policy assumes ‘compassion’ to be a timeless, personal characteristic rooted in the individual behaviours and choices of the nurse, this article concludes that compassionate nursing is a recent construct. Moreover, the performance of compassion relies on conditions and resources that often lie outside of the nurse’s personal control. Compassion in nursing—in theory and in practice—is inseparable from its specific contemporary contexts, just as sympathy was in the interwar period.

scholarly journals Winners and Losers of the Process of Transformation as an Etic Category versus Emic Biographical Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-266
Author(s):  
Kaja Kaźmierska
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Emic Perspective ◽  
The Way

One of the common and schematic descriptions in the perspective of the 1989 breakthrough are two ways of dealing with it by people who are respectively called winners or losers of transformation. These stereotypical characteristics are not only the tool to draw the general image of effects of the transition, but are also based on the specific way of interpretation deeply rooted, for example, in neoliberal thinking. Yet, from the perspective of an individual—so-called Schütz’s man on the street—the categorization of winners and losers not only simplifies the description of social reality, but also it cannot be easily biographically justified because the etic categorization is not always relevant to the emic perspective. In other words, the life history of an individual, showing the main phases and events of biography, and life story—the way that one interprets his/her biographical experiences— may not correspond to each other. The analysis of these two aspects of biography (what is lived through and how it is interpreted) shows how people have dealt with the process of transformation. In the paper, it is presented on the basis of one case study.

“The Common Root of Meaning and Nonmeaning”

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Khurana
Keyword(s):  
Transcendental Philosophy ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Way

Khurana distinguish different ways in which Derrida’s deconstruction can be understood as an attempt at transforming the transcendental question. Derrida’s essay “Cogito and the History of Madness” might lead us to the assumption that Derrida’s primary interest lies in a move of radicalization: in identifying conditions that are even more fundamental or basic than the conditions of the acts of our theoretical and practical cognition that transcendental philosophy has highlighted. He suggests, however, that instead of a mere radicalization, Derrida’s decisive move in the transformation of the transcendental question resides rather in complicating the way we understand these conditions of possibility: (i) in an attempt to reveal conditions of the possibility of a certain type of act as being simultaneously the conditions of the impossibility of the purity of this act (a project that is sometimes termed “quasi-transcendental”); and (ii) an attempt to complicate the distinction between empirical and transcendental conditions (an investigation that is sometimes called “ultra-transcendental”).

30. The State and the Common Market

EU Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1148-1190
Author(s):  
Paul Craig ◽  
Gráinne de Búrca
Keyword(s):  
Private Firm ◽  
The State ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Uk ◽  
State Aids ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Academic Debate ◽  
The Way

All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter examines the way in which the actions of the state can infringe the Treaty. The Treaty contains a number of relevant provisions, including Article 4(3) TEU, and Articles 14, 34, 101, 102, 106, and 107-109 TFEU. While there are valid reasons for EU controls, the topics discussed raise important issues concerning the very nature of the EU. Thus, the jurisprudence under Article 106 has prompted questions about how far it is possible for a state to entrust certain activities to a public monopoly, or to a private firm that has exclusive rights. The UK version contains a further section analysing issues concerning state aids and the UK post-Brexit.

Training for democratic therapeutic community practitioners, and workers in therapeutic and enabling environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Pearce ◽  
Oliver Dale
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Therapeutic Community ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
General Increase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Therapeutic Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Way

Purpose Training in therapeutic community and related approaches has not been widely available, and there is debate about the form this should take. This has had a negative impact on the field. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The authors consider the history of training in democratic therapeutic community methods in the UK in particular, and trace some of the reasons for its lack of development. Findings With the expansion of TC methodology into new areas, such as therapeutic and enabling environments, the ability to provide training in DTC approaches and techniques is increasingly important. The developing evidence base, and the increasing detail in which the method has been described, make dedicated TC training increasingly important. Originality/value Training in therapeutic community methods, and enabling and therapeutic environment approaches, provides a grounding in technique and theory that would otherwise be impossible to acquire for most workers, and can lead to a general increase in the level of competence and confidence in the way these environments operate.

1992 - The implications for the uk pig industry

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
R W Dean
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Commercial Environment ◽  
The Way

The objective of the paper is to assess the overall structural and competitive implications for the UK pig industry of the EC Single Market; colloquially known as “1992”.Particular attention is paid both to the effect of those changes in the commercial environment which 1992 will introduce and, secondly, to those aspects which differentiate the UK pig industry from its continental competitors. Analysis of these aspects will assist in drawing conclusions as to the likely effect of the Single Market and in determining an appropriate strategy for addressing the new situation.A body of admittedly largely circumstantial evidence suggests that the UK pig producer believes the advent of the Single Market will have little relevance to the way in which he conducts his business. This view is buttressed by his perception of the agricultural world as governed by the workings of the Common Agricultural Policy which is regarded as the principle influence upon agriculture and its commercial fortunes.

scholarly journals Cold burn injuries in the UK: the 11-year experience of a tertiary burns centre

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metin Nizamoglu ◽  
Alethea Tan ◽  
Tobias Vickers ◽  
Nicholas Segaren ◽  
David Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Thermal Injuries ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Guidance for the management of thermal injuries has evolved with improved understanding of burn pathophysiology. Guidance for the management of cold burn injuries is not widely available. The management of these burns differs from the standard management of thermal injuries. This study aimed to review the etiology and management of all cold burns presenting to a large regional burn centre in the UK and to provide a simplified management pathway for cold burns. Methods An 11-year retrospective  analysis (1 January 2003–31 December 2014)  of all cold injuries presenting to a regional burns centre in the UK was conducted. Patient case notes were reviewed for injury mechanism, first aid administered, treatment outcomes and time to healing. An anonymized nationwide survey on aspects of management of cold burns was disseminated between 13 July 2015–5 October 2015 to British Association of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (BAPRAS) and Plastic Surgery Trainees Association (PLASTA) members in the UK. Electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were performed to identify relevant literature to provide evidence for a management pathway for cold burn injuries. Results Twenty-three patients were identified. Age range was 8 months–69 years. Total body surface area (TBSA) burn ranged from 0.25 to 5 %. Twenty cases involved peripheral limbs. Seventeen (73.9 %)cases were accidental, with the remaining six (26.1 %) cases being deliberate self-inflicted injuries. Only eight patients received first aid. All except one patient were managed conservatively. One case required skin graft application due to delayed healing. We received 52 responses from a total of 200 questionaires. Ninety percent of responders think clearer guidelines should exist. We present a simplified management pathway based on evidence identified in our literature search.  Conclusions Cold burns are uncommon in comparison to other types of burn injuries. In the UK, a disproportionate number of cold burn injuries are deliberately self-inflicted, especially in the younger patient population. Our findings reflect a gap in clinical knowledge and experience. We proposed a simplified management pathway for managing cold burn injuries, consisting of adequate first aid using warm water, oral prostaglandin inhibitors, deroofing of blisters and topical antithromboxane therapy.

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