Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

2012 ◽  
pp. 171-173
Author(s):  
Janis E Blair
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Mucosal Lesions

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is found only in Latin America. It is endemic in Mexico, Central America, and South America. Most cases (80%) have been reported from Brazil, followed by Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Argentina. Most cases occur in tropical and subtropical forests, where temperatures are mild and humidity is high throughout the year. Infection can be asymptomatic or can cause mucosal lesions involving the mouth, lips, tongue or nose. It can also cause lymphadenopathy, dyspnea, cough, and skin lesions. Diagnosis and treatment are also reviewed.

scholarly journals Clinical diversity and treatment results in Tegumentary Leishmaniasis: A European clinical report in 459 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0009863
Author(s):  
Romain Guery ◽  
Stephen L. Walker ◽  
Gundel Harms ◽  
Andreas Neumayr ◽  
Pieter Van Thiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
High Cure ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Mucosal Involvement ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Cure Rates

Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is frequent in travellers and can involve oro-nasal mucosae. Clinical presentation impacts therapeutic management. Methodology Demographic and clinical data from 459 travellers infected in 47 different countries were collected by members of the European LeishMan consortium. The infecting Leishmania species was identified in 198 patients. Principal findings Compared to Old World CL, New World CL was more frequently ulcerative (75% vs 47%), larger (3 vs 2cm), less frequently facial (17% vs 38%) and less frequently associated with mucosal involvement (2.7% vs 5.3%). Patients with mucosal lesions were older (58 vs 30 years) and more frequently immunocompromised (37% vs 3.5%) compared to patients with only skin lesions. Young adults infected in Latin America with L. braziliensis or L. guyanensis complex typically had an ulcer of the lower limbs with mucosal involvement in 5.8% of cases. Typically, infections with L. major and L. tropica acquired in Africa or the Middle East were not associated with mucosal lesions, while infections with L. infantum, acquired in Southern Europe resulted in slowly evolving facial lesions with mucosal involvement in 22% of cases. Local or systemic treatments were used in patients with different clinical presentations but resulted in similarly high cure rates (89% vs 86%). Conclusion/Significance CL acquired in L. infantum-endemic European and Mediterranean areas displays unexpected high rates of mucosal involvement comparable to those of CL acquired in Latin America, especially in immunocompromised patients. When used as per recommendations, local therapy is associated with high cure rates.

First record of Trochochaeta japonica (Annelida: Spionidae) in Brazil with identification key to species of the genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4462 (4) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
VASILY I. RADASHEVSKY ◽  
ALEXANDRA E. RIZZO ◽  
ANTONIO J. M. PEIXOTO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
First Record ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Dense Population ◽  
Northeast Region

Polychaetes of the spionid genus Trochochaeta occur mainly in the northern hemisphere, including North and Central America. In South America, they have been reported only from the northeast region of Brazil – Sergipe and Paraíba – despite numerous biological investigations around the continent. In 2006, a dense population (up to 7000 individuals per square meter) of Trochochaeta was discovered in the estuary of Santos, São Paulo, Brazil, hosting the busiest container sea port in Latin America, and in 2008, one Trochochaeta specimen was found in Camamu Bay, Bahia. We identify these worms as Trochochaeta japonica Imajima, 1989 and describe and illustrate their morphology. This is the first record of the species from outside of its type locality in Honshu, Japan. It might have been introduced to the estuary of Santos as larvae in ballast water of ocean-going vessels. We review the systematics of Trochochaeta and provide an identification key to 12 currently recognized species. 

Palestinian Diaspora Communities in Latin America and Palestinian Statehood

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Yousef M. Aljamal ◽  
Philipp O. Amour
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The Political ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Right

There are some 700,000 Latin Americans of Palestinian origin, living in fourteen countries of South America. In particular, Palestinian diaspora communities have a considerable presence in Chile, Honduras, and El Salvador. Many members of these communities belong to the professional middle classes, a situation which enables them to play a prominent role in the political and economic life of their countries. The article explores the evolving attitudes of Latin American Palestinians towards the issue of Palestinian statehood. It shows the growing involvement of these communities in Palestinian affairs and their contribution in recent years towards the wide recognition of Palestinian rights — including the right to self-determination and statehood — in Latin America. But the political views of members of these communities also differ considerably about the form and substance of a Palestinian statehood and on the issue of a two-states versus one-state solution.

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