Bronchial Carcinoids and Bronchial Gland Carcinomas

Chest Imaging ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Ryo E. C. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Nodules ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Typical Carcinoid ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Thoracic Malignancies ◽  
Bronchial Gland

Bronchial carcinoid and bronchial gland carcinomas are rare airway-related thoracic malignancies. Carcinoid is a neuroendocrine neoplasm and comprises 1-2 % of primary lung cancers. Affected patients are younger than those with lung cancer, and may present with signs and symptoms of airway obstruction including cough, hemoptysis, wheezing, and recurrent pulmonary infection. Carcinoid typically manifests as a central nodule or mass and may cause post obstructive atelectasis or pneumonia. On imaging these lesions are usually well marginated pulmonary nodules or masses and may be completely endobronchial, partially endobronchial or may abut an airway. Typical carcinoid often exhibits an indolent behavior and carries a good prognosis with complete surgical excision. Atypical carcinoid is similar to typical carcinoid on imaging but has a more aggressive behavior and may be associated with metastatic intrathoracic lymphadenopathy. Bronchial gland carcinomas include adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). ACC is the second most common primary tracheal malignancy and manifests as an endoluminal tracheal nodule or as circumferential tracheal narrowing. MEC typically affects segmental bronchi and may be indistinguishable from carcinoid on imaging. Although these lesions may exhibit an indolent course, they are locally invasive malignancies, and affected patients have a variable prognosis.

scholarly journals A rare presentation of superficial, inter-muscular, cystic, extra-spinal schwannoma over upper back.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinjoy Saha
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Rare Tumours ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Upper Thoracic

Abstract Schwannomas are rare tumours arising from peripheral nerve sheath and are usually related to the spinal cord and spinal nerves. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually helps in establishing a pre-operative diagnosis. Rarely, their manifestation may be surprisingly new. Here, a 44-year-old lady came to our clinic with a painless asymptomatic progressively enlarging swelling over her upper back. It was fluctuant, with absent neural signs and symptoms. MRI showed a benign, purely-cystic, superficial-intermuscular, extra-spinal swelling near the upper thoracic vertebrae. However, classical diagnostic signs of schwannoma were absent. Complete surgical excision was performed with smooth dissection through a well-defined plane between the lesion and surrounding muscles. A 6.5x5.0x2.5 cm oval lesion with a glistening whitish-grey capsule was excised, and the deep wound was reconstructed in multiple layers. Interestingly, it was not attached to any identifiable nerves. Histopathology showed typical hallmarks like Antoni A regions and Verocay bodies. Positive S-100 staining during immunohistochemistry established its diagnosis as schwannoma. The postoperative one-and-half-year follow-up period was uneventful. Cystic schwannomas can surprise and confuse clinicians by arising anywhere in the body and with atypical manifestations. Surgeons need to consider it in the differential diagnoses of any undiagnosed slowly-growing swelling, including purely-cystic ones and perform careful surgical dissection to avoid any inadvertent nerve damage.

scholarly journals Basal Cell Carcinoma Surgery: Simple Undermining Approach in Two Patients with Different Tumour Locations

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-510
Author(s):  
Georgi Tchernev ◽  
Cristiana Voicu ◽  
Mara Mihai ◽  
Tiberiu Tebeica ◽  
Nely Koleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Human Malignancy ◽  
Hedgehog Signalling Pathway ◽  
Cure Rates

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignancy, accounting for the majority of all non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). In the past several decades the worldwide incidence of BCC has constantly been increasing. Even though it is a slow growing tumour that, left untreated, rarely metastasizes, it has a distinctive invasive growth pattern, posing a considerable risk for local invasion and destruction of underlying tissues, such as muscle, cartilage, bone or vital structures. Advanced BCCs include such locally invasive or metastatic tumours. Complete surgical excision is the standard therapy for most uncomplicated BCC cases with good prognosis and cure rates. Treatment of advanced forms of BCCs poses significant therapeutic challenges, most often requiring complicated surgery, radiotherapy, and/or targeted therapies directed towards the sonic hedgehog signalling pathway (SHH). We present two cases of large BCCs located on the scalp and posterior thorax, which underwent surgical excision with clear margins, followed by reconstruction of the defect after extensive undermining of the skin.

NETS of the lung (non SC): Experience of lung cancer working group E. Morelli Hospital Sondalo

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18191-18191
Author(s):  
G. Valmadre ◽  
R. Delfanti ◽  
M. Robustellini ◽  
G. Rossi ◽  
C. Della Pona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Typical Carcinoid ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Radiometabolic Therapy

18191 Background: pulmonary NETS are typical carcinoid (TC), atypical carcinoid (AC), large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNC), and SCLC. Purpose: to evalue prognosis of pulmonary NET (non SC) according by histotype, treatment and serum CgA. Methods: From 1996 to 2006 our lung cancer working group followed 42 pulmonary NETs, none carcinoid syndrome and 1 metastatic (CgA 100xN) at diagnosis. 39/42 underwent radical surgical resection with adenectomy. 2/42 TC had endobronchial laser, the metastatic any treatment. 31/42 (73.8%) are TC. 10/42 (23.8 %) are AC, 1/42 (2%) undetermined. Results: In dec 06 we reviewed 37/42 cases (20 clinical examination and 17 by phone). 2/5 missing were dead: 1 AC 7 years later with liver metastasis, high CgA without syndrome and 3 years of octreotide. 2 TC, 1 AC drop-out. Of 20 pts seen, 3 had high CgA, but Octreoscan negative. 32 pts (86.5%) had only surgery: 15 with more than 5 years DFS. 7 had preoperating CgA: 4 normal, 2 high (1 had hepatic metastasis, in 1 normalized and 36 months DFS), 1 ongoing. 2 pts without surgery are alive after 17 and 8 months. The metastatic pt has PR with octreotide. 1 TC had gastric carcinoma at 7 years. 3 TC had progressive disease. 1 TC (IA and high pre-lobectomy CgA), had persistent high CgA and positive octreoscan hepatic lesion 4 months later: PR after 6 months of octreotide. Another with normal pre-lobectomy CgA (TC IB) had carcinoid syndrome with high CgA and octreoscan positivity, 4 months later: negative restaging at 22 months with one-year of octreotide. A sixteen girl - TC IB - with high CgA (normal after pneumonectomy) developed octreoscan positive thoracic lesions, 18 months later. PR after 44 months with radiometabolic therapy. Conclusion: NETS are heterogeneous and with better prognosis (except SC) than other lung cancers. AC radically resected had good prognosis (1/10 metastasis ), sometimes TC gave metastasis and progression (2/31). For the 2 subtypes OS is high. Octreotide- and radiometabolic therapy can control the metastatic disease. CgA is not indicative of relapse but well correlates with the extension of metastatic disease. High CgA values are not predictive of carcinoid syndrome. It is important to evalue CgA before and 2–3 months after surgery. Carcinoid syndrome is rare in lung NET. We don’t have any LCNL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia of the Breast

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335-1338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badr AbdullGaffar
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
Exact Etiology ◽  
Hormonal Stimulus

Abstract Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia is a relatively common lesion of the breast. In general, it is less commonly found as a clinically palpable mass and is more commonly found as incidental microscopic foci. It is a benign proliferative, probably neoplastic, hormonally driven process of the mammary stromal myofibroblasts. The clinical, radiologic, and cytologic findings can resemble those of fibroadenoma. Histologically, it can be confused with low-grade angiosarcoma. The exact etiology of pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia is still controversial, but a neoplastic process of the stromal myofibroblasts, with a hormonal stimulus in its development and progression, is the favored theory. Most lesions can be cured by complete surgical excision, and patients undergoing the excision have a good prognosis.

scholarly journals A rare presentation of superficial, inter-muscular, cystic, extra-spinal schwannoma over upper back

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Srinjoy Saha
Keyword(s):  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Rare Tumours ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Upper Thoracic

Schwannomas are rare tumours arising from peripheral nerve sheath and are usually related to the spinal cord and spinal nerves. Contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually helps in establishing a pre-operative diagnosis. Rarely, their manifestation may be surprisingly new. Here, a 44-year-old lady came to our clinic with a painless asymptomatic progressively enlarging swelling over her upper back. It was fluctuant, with absent neural signs and symptoms. MRI showed a benign, purely-cystic, superficial-intermuscular, extra-spinal swelling near the upper thoracic vertebrae. However, classical diagnostic signs of schwannoma were absent. Complete surgical excision was performed with smooth dissection through a well-defined plane between the lesion and surrounding muscles. A 6.5x5.0x2.5 cm oval lesion with a glistening whitish-grey capsule was excised, and the deep wound was reconstructed in multiple layers. Interestingly, it was not attached to any identifiable nerves. Histopathology showed typical hallmarks like Antoni A regions and Verocay bodies. Positive S-100 staining during immunohistochemistry established its diagnosis as schwannoma. The postoperative one-and-half-year follow-up period was uneventful. Cystic schwannomas can surprise and confuse clinicians by arising anywhere in the body and with atypical manifestations. Surgeons need to consider it in the differential diagnoses of any undiagnosed slowly-growing swelling, including purely-cystic ones and perform careful surgical dissection to avoid any inadvertent nerve damage.

Castleman�s Disease - Clinical, Histological and Therapeutic Features

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radu Dragos Marcu ◽  
Arsenie Dan Spinu ◽  
Bogdan Socea ◽  
Maria Oana Bodean ◽  
Camelia Cristina Diaconu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Cluster Of Differentiation

Castleman�s disease (CD) is a rare and benign lymphoproliferative pathology, characterized by lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, process that can occur at any site of the lymphoid chain. The purpose of this paper is to review the existing data regarding Castleman�s disease etiopathogenesis and treatment. Considering the extent of the lymphoid tissue involvement Castleman�s disease can be classified as unicentric (UCD) and multicentric (MCD). Another classification of this pathology is based on the histopathological features: hyaline vascular CD (90% of cases), plasma cell CD (less than 10%) and mixed cell type. Patients with UCD have good prognosis, the gold standard treatment being complete surgical excision. The multicentric type in contrast to UCD has a worse prognosis and associates the risk of evolving to lymphoma. Over the years different therapeutic strategies have been applied in the management of multicentric Castleman�s disease: glucocorticoids, chemotherapy, antiviral agents and monoclonal antibodies that target CD (cluster of differentiation) 20, interleukin -6 (IL-6) and IL-6 receptors. Castleman�s disease is a rare and complex pathology, whose etiopathogenesis is still incompletely elucidated. In the past few years the overall survival and progression free survival has significantly increased, due to different therapeutic options that have emerged, options that have constantly offered better and better results. Further investigation regarding the chemical interactions between different receptors and therapeutic molecules, understanding the mechanism of action and the potential benefits of each therapeutic agent may prove useful in clinical practice for treating CD.

scholarly journals Unusual Presentation of a Rare Tumor of the Dorsal Surface of the Foot

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Hocar ◽  
H. Yacoubi ◽  
N. Akhdari ◽  
S. Amal ◽  
F. Ait Essi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Soles Of The Feet ◽  
Painless Mass

Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma (CAF) was originally described by Keasbey in 1953 as juvenile aponeurotic fibroma, most commonly occurring in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet in children and adolescents. It usually presents as a firm, painless mass without preceding trauma. We report a case of this rare condition with an unusual presentation in a 60-year-old woman affecting the dorsal surface of the foot. It is a relatively benign condition with a good prognosis following complete surgical excision. It may have a slightly increased incidence in males. The accurate diagnosis is based only on histology but it is essential to differentiate it from other sinister lesions such as fibrosarcoma that may lead to amputation.

Spinal epidural cavernous hemangiomas

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Zevgaridis ◽  
Andreas Büttner ◽  
Serge Weis ◽  
Christoph Hamburger ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Reulen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Cavernous Hemangiomas ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Spinal Epidural

✓ Epidural cavernous hemangiomas are increasingly identified as a cause of acute or chronic progressive spinal cord syndrome and local back pain or radiculopathy. The authors present three cases of spinal epidural cavernous hemangiomas manifesting as spinal cord syndrome, thoracic radiculopathy, and lumbar radiculopathy. Based on the imaging characteristics of these three cases and a review of the literature, the clinical signs and symptoms and their implications, the role of preoperative neuroradiological diagnosis, and the need for complete surgical resection are discussed. Epidural cavernous hemangiomas display consistent magnetic resonance imaging properties: T1-weighted images most commonly show a homogeneous signal intensity similar to those of spinal cord and muscle, and contrast enhancement is homogeneous or slightly heterogeneous. On T2-weighted images the signal of the lesion is consistently high and slightly less intense than that of cerebrospinal fluid. Frequently, the lesion is characterized by its extension through the intervertebral foramen. Awareness of these characteristics facilitates diagnosis and treatment of the lesions. Despite the risk of bleeding, in all three cases complete surgical excision was achieved.

Surgical Outcomes of Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas: A Single Institution's Experience for the Last Ten Years

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Suk Lee ◽  
Hyung Joon Han ◽  
Sae Byeol Choi ◽  
Cheol Woong Jung ◽  
Tae Jin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Pancreatic Tumors ◽  
Resection Margins ◽  
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Type Of Surgery

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare neoplasm that accounts for about 1 to 2 per cent of all pancreatic tumors. The aim of this study was to delineate the clinicopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas. We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological characteristics and surgical outcomes of 18 patients who underwent surgery for SPN of the pancreas between January 1, 2001 and November 1, 2010. The patient group was comprised of 14 females and four males and the median patient age at diagnosis was 32.4 years (range 10∼68 years). Eleven of the 18 patients were symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. The type of surgery was selected according to the location and presentation of the tumor. The resection margins were negative in all patients. One patient had distant metastasis and recurrent mass node repetitively. She underwent seven operations for recurrence of SPN during the follow-up period of 218 months. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice for SPN of the pancreas and can give a good prognosis. Although sometimes patients have repetitive metastases or recurrences, patients undergoing complete surgical excision of the tumor will have a good outcome.

scholarly journals Primary extradural ectopic orbital Meningioma.

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Complete Surgical Excision ◽  
Rare Benign Tumor ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Orbital Meningioma

Orbital meningioma is a rare benign tumor. However, the existence of ectopic orbital meningiomas was debated for long time and this lesion might be underreported. Complete surgical excision could achieve a good prognosis without visual impairment. The recurrence rate is still considerable. The aim of this report was to highlight the diagnostic difficulties and management characteristics.

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