The psychoanalytic background

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
R. Peter Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
States Of Mind ◽  
Clinical Issues ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Psychoanalytic Therapy ◽  
Depressive Position

The aim of this chapter is to set out the psychoanalytic ideas and clinical principles on which Brief Psychoanalytic Therapy is founded. Topics include the centrality of intersubjective knowledge, the pivotal notion of transference, and the various ways in which a patient may affect a therapist’s emotional state. The clinical issues addressed range from varieties of communication and defence, contrasts between paranoid-schizoid and depressive position functioning, and the roles of countertransference and containment in the therapeutic endeavor. Overall, the chapter is concerned with the developmental potential of a therapeutic relationship in which the therapist is emotionally available and able to reflect upon the patterns of relatedness that a patient attempts to introduce into the therapeutic relationship, in part to avoid states of mind that are painful or conflictual.

Brief Psychoanalytic Therapy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Peter Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Interpersonal Therapy ◽  
Psychoanalytic Therapy ◽  
Psychoanalytic Treatment ◽  
Transference And Countertransference

This book outlines the principles and practice of Brief Psychoanalytic Therapy. An introductory chapter distills those aspects of psychoanalysis that provide a basis for the approach. Special attention is given to how a therapist may promote a patient’s development by registering and containing emotional states that the patient is unable to manage alone. This is followed by an overview of themes and variations in six forms of brief psychodynamic therapy. The remainder of the book is concerned less with theory than with clinical practice. Treatment and Adherence Manuals detail the specifics of therapist orientation and technique, and a formal research study comparing the approach with Interpersonal Therapy is reported. Case histories of individual treatments unfolding over time are complemented by detailed examination of short sequences of patient–therapist dialogue from transcribed sessions. What emerges is a picture of a psychoanalytic treatment that, while brief, is disciplined and coherent in its concentrated focus on analyzing the transference and countertransference in the therapeutic relationship.

scholarly journals Self-harm: a strategy for survival and nodal point of change

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Nodal Point ◽  
States Of Mind ◽  
Clinical Vignettes ◽  
Patient’S Experience ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Common

The author explores key issues related to psychotherapeutic work with people who self-harm. Particular attention is given to the powerful countertransference feelings that practitioners often experience in this work and the importance of managing these. Rather than maintaining a detached distance, therapists should emotionally engage with the patient's experience, creating a unique therapeutic relationship. The common patterns, functions and meanings of self-harm are discussed, with clinical vignettes that highlight the underlying dynamics of the behaviour. Self-harm is a survival stratagem, and methods for helping patients to find other ways to cope are suggested. One such is mentalisation, which can enhance the patient's capacity to think, not impulsively act. If patients learn how to assess more accurately their own and other people's states of mind, less destructive behaviours can emerge.

Does Psychotherapy Help Some Students? An Overview of Psychotherapy Outcome Research

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0500900
Author(s):  
Kelly C. Eder ◽  
Susan C. Whiston
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Outcome Research ◽  
Psychotherapy Outcome ◽  
Clinical Issues ◽  
Psychotherapy Outcome Research ◽  
Meta Analyses

This article provides a brief overview of the outcome research on psychotherapy with children and adolescents. Outcome research indicates that psychotherapy can be effective with both children and adolescents, with meta-analyses indicating that youth who participated in this type of intervention tended to score on the outcome measures half of a standard deviation or more above those who did not receive any intervention. Little is known about the process of psychotherapy with children, but there are some indications that the therapeutic relationship is important. Moreover, there is some research that supports the assumption that certain types of treatment are most helpful with specific clinical issues.

Objectivity in psychoanalytic judgements

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Peter Hobson ◽  
Matthew P. H. Patrick ◽  
John D. Valentine
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
States Of Mind ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Interpersonal Relatedness ◽  
Depressive Position ◽  
Significant Difference

BackgroundThere is widespread scepticism concerning the reliability and validity of psychoanalytic judgements of patient–therapist transactions. We predicted that (a) in reviewing the initial part of 14 videotaped assessment interviews with borderline and dysthymic subjects, dynamic psychotherapists would agree in their ratings of psychoanalytically relevant characteristics of subjects' interpersonal relations; (b) inter-correlations among the ratings would conform with those expected from psychoanalytic descriptions of ‘paranoid-schizoid’ and ‘depressive position’ states of mind; and (c) these ratings would differentiate between borderline and dysthymic groups.MethodSix trained psychotherapists who were blind to the design of the study, independently rated qualities of interpersonal relatedness during the first 30 minutes of each interview, on & 30-item ‘personal relatedness profile’ResultsThere was satisfactory interrater reliability in judgements among the raters, and evidence that the items were interrelated. There was also & significant difference between the two subject groups.ConclusionsIt is possible to make reliable psychoanalytic judgements about qualities of interpersonal relatedness. Moreover, there is evidence that paranoid–schizoid and depressive positive aspects of psychological functioning do constitute & meaningful constellation of clinically grounded phenomena.

Spotlight on the Clinician in the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia: Balancing Relationship-Centered Care and Professionalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-424
Author(s):  
Rochelle Cohen-Schneider ◽  
Melodie T. Chan ◽  
Denise M. McCall ◽  
Allison M. Tedesco ◽  
Ann P. Abramson
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Therapeutic Encounter

Background Speech-language pathologists make clinical decisions informed by evidence-based theory and “beliefs, values and emotional experiences” ( Hinckley, 2005 , p. 265). These subjective processes, while not extensively studied, underlie the workings of the therapeutic relationship and contribute to treatment outcomes. While speech-language pathologists do not routinely pay attention to subjective experiences of the therapeutic encounter, social workers do. Thus, the field of social work makes an invaluable contribution to the knowledge and skills of speech-language pathologists. Purpose This clinical focus article focuses on the clinician's contribution to the therapeutic relationship by surfacing elements of the underlying subjective processes. Method Vignettes were gathered from clinicians in two community aphasia programs informed by the principles of the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia. Results and Discussion By reflecting on and sharing aspects of clinical encounters, clinicians reveal subjective processing occurring beneath the surface. The vignettes shed light on the following clinical behaviors: listening to the client's “whole self,” having considerations around self-disclosure, dealing with biases, recognizing and surfacing clients' identities, and fostering hope. Speech-language pathologists are given little instruction on the importance of the therapeutic relationship, how to conceptualize this relationship, and how to balance this relationship with professionalism. Interprofessional collaboration with social workers provides a rich opportunity to learn ways to form and utilize the benefits of a strong therapeutic relationship while maintaining high standards of ethical behavior. Conclusion This clinical focus article provides speech-language pathologists with the “nuts and bolts” for considering elements of the therapeutic relationship. This is an area that is gaining traction in the field of speech-language pathology and warrants further investigation.

Measuring “Language Access Profiles” in Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Children With the DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Hall ◽  
Stephanie De Anda
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Language Access ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Language Exposure ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Purpose The purposes of this study were (a) to introduce “language access profiles” as a viable alternative construct to “communication mode” for describing experience with language input during early childhood for deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) children; (b) to describe the development of a new tool for measuring DHH children's language access profiles during infancy and toddlerhood; and (c) to evaluate the novelty, reliability, and validity of this tool. Method We adapted an existing retrospective parent report measure of early language experience (the Language Exposure Assessment Tool) to make it suitable for use with DHH populations. We administered the adapted instrument (DHH Language Exposure Assessment Tool [D-LEAT]) to the caregivers of 105 DHH children aged 12 years and younger. To measure convergent validity, we also administered another novel instrument: the Language Access Profile Tool. To measure test–retest reliability, half of the participants were interviewed again after 1 month. We identified groups of children with similar language access profiles by using hierarchical cluster analysis. Results The D-LEAT revealed DHH children's diverse experiences with access to language during infancy and toddlerhood. Cluster analysis groupings were markedly different from those derived from more traditional grouping rules (e.g., communication modes). Test–retest reliability was good, especially for the same-interviewer condition. Content, convergent, and face validity were strong. Conclusions To optimize DHH children's developmental potential, stakeholders who work at the individual and population levels would benefit from replacing communication mode with language access profiles. The D-LEAT is the first tool that aims to measure this novel construct. Despite limitations that future work aims to address, the present results demonstrate that the D-LEAT represents progress over the status quo.

Employing Latino Value Orientations to Facilitate Success in Stuttering Treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Lourdes Ramos-Heinrichs ◽  
Lynn Hansberry Mayo ◽  
Sandra Garzon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Therapeutic Relationship ◽  
Service Provider ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Collaborative Partnership ◽  
The Family ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Cultural Connections

Abstract Providing adequate speech therapy services to Latinos who stutter can present challenges that are not obvious to the practicing clinician. This article addresses cultural, religious, and foreign language concerns to the therapeutic relationship between the Latino client and the clinician. Suggestions are made for building cross-cultural connections with clients and incorporating the family into a collaborative partnership with the service provider.

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