The natural history of the WRKY–GCM1 zinc fingers and the relationship between transcription factors and transposons

Morality from an evolutionary perspective is a code of conduct that regulates behavior within a group in order to promote social cohesion and stability. Both religion and secularism are grounded in the same moral psychology. How should the distinction between secular and religious ethics be assessed? Religious morality is a late-comer to the natural history of morality, reinforcing much of morality with a worldview about unnatural powers that humans’ brains are prone to projecting onto reality. However, the natural history of morality reveals that religious moral traditions do not originate moral rules but instead reinforce ancient moral intuitions. Secularism as a worldview works within an immanent frame, compared to the transcendent frame of religious worldviews. This distinction is helpful in understanding the relationship between religious violence and secular-ideological driven violence.

Download Full-text

Human Papillomavirus and Genital Disease in Men: What We Have Learned from the HIM Study

Acta Cytologica ◽

10.1159/000493737 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 109-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Laura Sichero ◽

Anna R. Giuliano ◽

Luisa Lina Villa

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Natural History ◽

The United States ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Clinical Consequences ◽

History Of ◽

Crucial Information ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

The Relationship ◽

Genital Disease

It is currently recognized that in addition to the major impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in females, HPV causes considerable disease in men at the genitals, anal canal, and oropharynx. Specifically, genital HPV infections may progress to genital warts and penile carcinoma. Although studies concerning the natural history of HPV infections and associated neoplasias have mainly focused on women, during the last 2 decades considerable attention has been given in further understanding these infections in men. The HIM (HPV infection in men) Study, the only prospective multicenter study of male HPV natural history, consisted of a large prospective international cohort study in which men from Brazil, the United States, and Mexico were enrolled. The design and protocols of this study allowed unraveling crucial information regarding the relationship between HPV infection and clinical consequences in men, and associated risk factors at each of the anatomic sites where HPV is known to cause cancer in men.

Download Full-text

Conversion by corynephages and its role in the natural history of diphtheria

Journal of Hygiene ◽

10.1017/s0022172400065001 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 93 (3) ◽

pp. 405-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

N. B. Groman

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

SummaryThe conversion of non-toxinogenicCorynebacterium diphtheriaeto toxinogeny has been reviewed. The biology of converting phage and the relationship of converting phages to nonconverting phages are summarized. The significance of these findings to the natural history and evolution of diphtheria is assessed.

Download Full-text

Ulisse Aldrovandi’s Color Sensibility: Natural History, Language and the Lay Color Practices of Renaissance Virtuosi

Early Science and Medicine ◽

10.1163/15733823-02046p04 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (4-6) ◽

pp. 358-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Valentina Pugliano

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Cultural History ◽

Correct Identification ◽

Unpublished Manuscript ◽

Standard Nomenclature ◽

Natural Knowledge ◽

History Of ◽

Artistic Patronage ◽

First Time ◽

The Relationship

Famed for his collection of drawings of naturalia and his thoughts on the relationship between painting and natural knowledge, it now appears that the Bolognese naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) also pondered specifically color and pigments, compiling not only lists and diagrams of color terms but also a full-length unpublished manuscript entitled De coloribus or Trattato dei colori. Introducing these writings for the first time, this article portrays a scholar not so much interested in the materiality of pigment production, as in the cultural history of hues. It argues that these writings constituted an effort to build a language of color, in the sense both of a standard nomenclature of hues and of a lexicon, a dictionary of their denotations and connotations as documented in the literature of ancients and moderns. This language would serve the naturalist in his artistic patronage and his natural historical studies, where color was considered one of the most reliable signs for the correct identification of specimens, and a guarantee of accuracy in their illustration. Far from being an exception, Aldrovandi’s ‘color sensibility’ spoke of that of his university-educated nature-loving peers. 

Download Full-text

MO136RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UPCR AND EGFR IN C3 GLOMERULOPATHY

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab092.0014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Carla Nester ◽

Patrick Breheny ◽

Monica Hall ◽

Alan Charney ◽

Martin Lefkowitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Continuous Variable ◽

Small Sample ◽

C3 Glomerulopathy ◽

University Of Iowa ◽

History Of ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background and Aims Considerable knowledge gaps exist in our understanding of the natural history of C3 glomerulopathy (C3G). Disease rarity, multiple nomenclature changes, and the inclusion of dissimilar cases in historical cohorts have precluded retrospective studies to define the natural course of C3G and identify risks for progression to kidney failure (end stage renal disease/ESRD). In the present analysis, we focus on C3G patients with native kidneys and examine the relationship between reductions in UPCR and disease progression as indicated by changes in eGFR. Method Patients included in this study were consented and enrolled in the University of Iowa C3G ReCom Registry, which was created in 2013. Beginning in 2017, complement activity and renal function data were collected prospectively at approximately 6-month intervals to define the natural history of C3G. Analyses were performed across 1-year periods of time (“spans”). To be included in a span, a patient had to meet the following criteria at the start of the 1-year period: native C3G, eGFR ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2, UPCR ≥1 g/g and ≥12 years of age. An individual patient could be included in more than one span. Results Analyses were performed using 34 one-year spans for 24 patients who met inclusion criteria at the beginning of the 1-year span. Baseline characteristics for the 34 spans were: male, 59%; mean age, 22.7 years; mean eGFR, 83.1 ml/min/1.73m2; mean UPCR, 2.86 g/g; mean plasma C3, 75.1 mg/dL. Similar analyses using only the first 1-year span for each of the 24 patients produced results that were consistent with those generated using all 1-year spans. Limitations of this study include its small sample size and data variability due to its observational nature. Conclusion The findings of this observational study support the premise that reductions in proteinuria are associated with a more stable eGFR in native kidney C3G. Regression analyses using UPCR as a continuous variable demonstrate the relationship between reduction in UPCR and preservation of eGFR. This association was also observed using both change in eGFR by UPCR reduction subgroup and UPCR-eGFR categorical analyses.

Download Full-text

Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance activity in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients: a short term natural history study

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/135245850000600109 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 43-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

F Bagnato ◽

A Tancredi ◽

N Richert ◽

C Gasperini ◽

S Bastianello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Natural History ◽

Initial Examination ◽

Short Baseline ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

History Of ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

The Relationship

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to study the history of multiple sclerosis (MS). We analyze the relationship between MRI activity in the first scan compared to the subsequent five scans, and we evaluate whether a shorter observation period of 3 months may predict the subsequent 3 months. Monthly enhanced MRI was performed in 103 relapsing remitting (RR) MS patients for 6 months. Thirty-five per cent of patients had an inactive scan on the initial examination. More than 80% of them developed MRI activity during the following 5 months. Eighteen per cent of patients had three consecutive inactive scans; 65% of them had at least one active scan on the subsequent 3 monthly MRI's. The relationship between the first scan and all subsequent scans demonstrates a clear weakening over time. Eighty-two per cent of patients had at least one active scan during the initial 3 consecutive months, the chance of becoming inactive decreased from 23% to 0% over the subsequent 3 months, according with the mean number of enhancing lesions during the first 3 months. These results suggest that neither a single scan nor a short baseline of 3 months may adequately describe the natural history of disease in an individual RRMS patient.

Download Full-text

A perspective of the relationship of serum HBV DNA and HBsAg apportioned by the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume with inflammation in the natural history of chronic hepatitis B

Annals of Palliative Medicine ◽

10.21037/apm-20-635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 25-25

Author(s):

Lei Tan ◽

Ze-Qian Wu ◽

Chang Zhao ◽

Shu-Ru Chen ◽

Pei-Pei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Natural History ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Cell Volume ◽

Parenchyma Cell ◽

Hbv Dna ◽

Hepatic Parenchyma ◽

History Of ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

ROBERT GORDON LATHAM, DISPLAYED PEOPLES, AND THE NATURAL HISTORY OF RACE, 1854–1866

The Historical Journal ◽

10.1017/s0018246x10000609 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 143-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

SADIAH QURESHI

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Natural History ◽

Biological Difference ◽

The Public ◽

Crystal Palace ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

World Fairs ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

History Of Race

ABSTRACTIn 1854, the Crystal Palace reopened at Sydenham. Significantly, it featured a court of natural history. Curated by the philologist and physician, Robert Gordon Latham, it was designed to provide the public with an ethnological education. Understanding Latham's project is of particular importance for broader understandings of the scientific importance of displayed peoples and mid-nineteenth-century debates on the nature of human variation. Recent scholarship has shown considerable interest in the relationship between exhibitions of foreign peoples and anthropology, particularly within the context of world fairs. Nevertheless, anthropologists are routinely claimed to have used fairs merely to display or publicly validate, rather than to make, scientific knowledge. Meanwhile, the 1850s and 1860s are often seen as having witnessed the emergence of a new ‘harder-edged’ scientific racism as, older, elastic definitions of ‘race’ were successfully overthrown by one rooted in biological difference (most commonly exemplified by the anatomist Robert Knox). By examining how Latham produced and used his museum of human types, this article proposes an alternative approach. It suggests that displayed peoples were used as ethnological specimens and that Latham's work is at a particularly significant crossroads for the mid-nineteenth-century remaking of ‘race’.

Download Full-text

The Disappearance of Arthur Nestor: Parafiction, Cryptozoology, Curation

Museum and Society ◽

10.29311/mas.v18i2.3083 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 98-114

Author(s):

Kirsty Robertson

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Museum Studies ◽

University Of Chicago ◽

Natural History Museums ◽

Art Galleries ◽

History Museums ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship

This paper considers Beneath the Surface: The Archives of Arthur Nestor, a parafictional exhibition that I curated in 2014 with 16 undergraduate students at Western University, Canada. The exhibition depicted the life of Dr. Arthur Nestor, a professor of Biology who had disappeared from London (ON) in 1975, seemingly without trace. Over the summer of 2014, some of Nestor’s files and artefacts had been discovered during university renovations, and this archive was given to students in Museum Studies to organize and catalogue. As we sorted through the files, it became clear that Dr. Nestor was something of a controversial figure, a man who became an environmental activist in Southwestern Ontario because of his belief that cryptids (lake monsters) lived in Lakes Huron and Erie, and were in need of protection from human-made pollution. As the documents in his file overlapped with our research in the wider sphere, the evidence seemed to suggest that Nestor had left London to join Dr. Roy Mackal, a University of Chicago professor of cryptozoology searching for the Loch Ness Monster. This paper weaves together the tale of Arthur Nestor and the curating of Beneath the Surface with a history of the relationship between natural history museums and cryptozoology, ultimately questioning what parafiction can do in both art galleries and museums.

Download Full-text