scholarly journals Changes in Soil Bulk Density Resulting from Construction and Conventional Cable Skidding Using Preplanned Skid Trails

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxin Wang ◽  
Chris B. LeDoux ◽  
Pam Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Density Increase ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Extraction Equipment ◽  
Harvest Site

Abstract A harvesting system consisting of chainsaw felling and cable skidder extraction was studied to determine soil bulk density changes in a central Appalachian hardwood forest site. Soil bulk density was measured using a nuclear gauge preharvest and postharvest systematically across the harvest site, on transects across skid trails, and for a subset of skid trail transects closest to log landing after each of the first ten loaded machine passes. Bulk density was also measured in skid trails after their construction but prior to skidding. Bulk density did not change significantly across the harvest site, because the extraction equipment stayed on the preplanned skid trails. Bulk density increased on the skid trails as a result of construction by crawler bulldozer and during skidding. Bulk density in the skid trail increased by 30% because of construction by a crawler bulldozer. Fifty-five percent of the increase in bulk density attributable to skidding occurred after one loaded pass, and 80% of the bulk density increase was experienced after two loaded passes. Bulk density increased by only 5% between passes five and ten.

Site Preparation Effects on Soil Bulk Density and Pine Seedling Growth

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Stransky
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Density Probe

Abstract Soil bulk density was sampled the first and third growing seasons after site preparation and pine planting on three clearcut pine-hardwood forest sites in eastern Texas. Bulk density was measured 10 cm below the surface of mineral soil using a surface moisture-density probe. Plots that had been KG-bladed and chopped had significantly higher bulk density than those that were burned or left untreated. After 5 years the survival, height, and diameter growth of pines averaged highest on the mechanically treated plots, probably because competition from other woody stems was much less than in the untreated and burned plots.

MEASUREMENT AND PALEOCLIMATIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SOIL BULK DENSITY FOR LOESS IN EXTREME ARID REGION

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Jinbo ZAN ◽  
Shengli YANG ◽  
Xiaomin FANG ◽  
Xiangyu LI ◽  
Yibo YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Paleoclimatic Significance

scholarly journals Machine-Learning Classification of Soil Bulk Density in Salt Marsh Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4408
Author(s):  
Iman Salehi Hikouei ◽  
S. Sonny Kim ◽  
Deepak R. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Marsh Soil ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Salt Marsh Soil

Remotely sensed data from both in situ and satellite platforms in visible, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared (VNIR–SWIR, 400–2500 nm) regions have been widely used to characterize and model soil properties in a direct, cost-effective, and rapid manner at different scales. In this study, we assess the performance of machine-learning algorithms including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting machines (XGBoost), and support vector machines (SVM) to model salt marsh soil bulk density using multispectral remote-sensing data from the Landsat-7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) platform. To our knowledge, use of remote-sensing data for estimating salt marsh soil bulk density at the vegetation rooting zone has not been investigated before. Our study reveals that blue (band 1; 450–520 nm) and NIR (band 4; 770–900 nm) bands of Landsat-7 ETM+ ranked as the most important spectral features for bulk density prediction by XGBoost and RF, respectively. According to XGBoost, band 1 and band 4 had relative importance of around 41% and 39%, respectively. We tested two soil bulk density classes in order to differentiate salt marshes in terms of their capability to support vegetation that grows in either low (0.032 to 0.752 g/cm3) or high (0.752 g/cm3 to 1.893 g/cm3) bulk density areas. XGBoost produced a higher classification accuracy (88%) compared to RF (87%) and SVM (86%), although discrepancies in accuracy between these models were small (<2%). XGBoost correctly classified 178 out of 186 soil samples labeled as low bulk density and 37 out of 62 soil samples labeled as high bulk density. We conclude that remote-sensing-based machine-learning models can be a valuable tool for ecologists and engineers to map the soil bulk density in wetlands to select suitable sites for effective restoration and successful re-establishment practices.

Measurement of Soil Bulk Density and Water Content with Time Domain Reflectometry: Algorithm Implementation and Method Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 126389
Author(s):  
Marco Bittelli ◽  
Fausto Tomei ◽  
Anbazhagan P. ◽  
Raghuveer Rao Pallapati ◽  
Puskar Mahajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Algorithm Implementation ◽  
Method Analysis
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