scholarly journals Programmable deformation of patterned bimorph actuator swarm

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Nan Ma ◽  
Yong-Lai Zhang ◽  
Dong-Dong Han ◽  
Jiang-Wei Mao ◽  
Zhao-Di Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Living Cells ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Reversible Deformation ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
3D Deformation ◽  
Bimorph Actuators ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Asymmetric Bending

Abstract Graphene-based actuators featuring fast and reversible deformation under various external stimuli are promising for soft robotics. However, these bimorph actuators are incapable of complex and programmable 3D deformation, which limits their practical application. Here, inspired from the collective coupling and coordination of living cells, we fabricated a moisture-responsive graphene actuator swarm that has programmable shape-changing capability by programming the SU-8 patterns underneath. To get better control over the deformation, we fabricated SU-8 micropattern arrays with specific geometries and orientations on a continuous graphene oxide film, forming a swarm of bimorph actuators. In this way, predictable and complex deformations, including bending, twisting, coiling, asymmetric bending, 3D folding, and combinations of these, have been achieved due to the collective coupling and coordination of the actuator swarm. This work proposes a new way to program the deformation of bilayer actuators, expanding the capabilities of existing bimorph actuators for applications in various smart devices.

Intracellular trafficking and cytoplasmic streaming under abiotic stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
JESHIMA KHAN YASIN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Intracellular Trafficking ◽  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Vesicle Formation ◽  
External Stimuli

Cytoplasmic streaming is one among the vital activities of the living cells. In plants cytolplasmic streaming could clearly be seen in hypocotyls of growing seedlings. To observe cytoplsmic streaming and its correlated intracellular trafficking an investigation was conducted in legumes in comparison with GFP-AtRab75 and 35S::GFP:δTIP tonoplast fusion protein expressing arabidopsis lines. These seedlings were observed under confocal microscopy with different buffer incubation treatments and under different stress conditions. GFP expressing 35S::GFP:δTIP tonoplast lines were looking similar to the control lines and differ under stress conditions. Movement of cytoplasmic invaginations within the tonoplast and cytoplasmic sub vesicle or bulb budding during cytoplasmic streaming was observed in hypocotyls of At-GFP tonoplast plants. We found the cytoplasmic bulbs/ vesicles or sub vesicle formation from the plasma membrane. The streaming speed also depends on the incubation medium in which the specimen was incubated, indicating that the external stimuli as well as internal stimuli can alter the speed of streaming

scholarly journals Multistimuli‐Responsive Insect‐Scale Soft Robotics Based on Anisotropic Super‐Aligned VO 2 Nanowire/Carbon Nanotube Bimorph Actuators

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 2000051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Chen ◽  
Run Shi ◽  
Nan Shen ◽  
Zhuoqiong Zhang ◽  
Yuxing Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Bimorph Actuators

Nanocomposites of Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline with Pending Calix[8]Arene and their External Stimuli Response Properties

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 2286-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Jun Gao ◽  
Li Ping Li ◽  
Jian Xun Qiu ◽  
Xin Tao Zhang ◽  
Xiao Chun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Stimuli Response ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Film Substrate ◽  
External Stimuli

To functionalize the smart nanocomposites, the nanocomposites of CNTs/polyaniline with pending calix [8] arene were prepared. A series of characterizations were performed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), the Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra, The UV-Vis (Ultra-violet visible spectroscopy), et al. The photoconductivity response to visible light and 808 nm laser with low-power were studied based on interdigital electrodes of Au on flexible PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film substrate with casting method. The results showed that the nanocomposites of CNTs/polyaniline with pending calix [8] arene exhibited good photoresponse to visible light and weak 808 nm laser, but its recoverability was very slow, it needed several hours, and the film-forming property of nanocomposite was not very good. This may be attributed to the results of increased hydrophobicity of nanocomposite because of introducing the calix [8] arene ring. In order to increase the film-forming technology of nanocomposites, the grapheme oxide were obtained with unzipping method of carbon nanotube (CNTs) for enhancing the hydrophilcity of carbon nanomaterials. The nanocomposites of grapheme oxide/polyaniline with pending calix [8] arene were obtained with similar methods, which showed improved film-forming property. The photoresponses to weak visible light and 808 nm laser also showed the similar results. It may develop the nanocomposite with external stimuli response, and have good potential applications in sensors, organic photocatalyst, et al.

scholarly journals Agile reversible shape-morphing of particle rafts

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungmin Son ◽  
Jeong-Yun Sun ◽  
Ho-Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Shape Morphing ◽  
Soft Matter Physics ◽  
External Stimuli

Materials that transform shapes responding to external stimuli can bring unprecedented innovations to soft matter physics, soft robotics, wearable electronics, and architecture. As most conventional soft actuation technologies induce large...

scholarly journals A Machine Learning approach for personal thermal comfort perception evaluation: experimental campaign under real and virtual scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Francesco Salamone ◽  
Alice Bellazzi ◽  
Lorenzo Belussi ◽  
Gianfranco Damato ◽  
Ludovico Danza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Thermal Perception ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Comfort Perception ◽  
External Stimuli

Personal Thermal Comfort models differ from the steady-state methods because they consider personal user feedback as target value. Today, the availability of integrated “smart” devices following the concept of the Internet of Things and Machine Learning (ML) techniques allows developing frameworks reaching optimized indoor thermal comfort conditions. The article investigates the potential of such approach through an experimental campaign in a test cell, involving 25 participants in a Real (R) and Virtual (VR) scenario, aiming at evaluating the effect of external stimuli on personal thermal perception, such as the variation of colours and images of the environment. A dataset with environmental parameters, biometric data and the perceived comfort feedbacks of the participants is defined and managed with ML algorithms in order to identify the most suitable one and the most influential variables that can be used to predict the Personal Thermal Comfort Perception (PTCP). The results identify the Extra Trees classifier as the best algorithm. In both R and VR scenario a different group of variables allows predicting PTCP with high accuracy.

Inducing Thermoreversible Optical Transitions in Urethane-Acrylate Systems via Ionic Liquid Incorporation for Stretchable Smart Devices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence Yan King Ho ◽  
Ankit . ◽  
Benny Febriansyah ◽  
Natalia Yantara ◽  
Shreyas Pethe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lower Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Urethane Acrylate ◽  
Optical Transitions ◽  
Critical Solution Temperature ◽  
External Stimuli

Hydrogels are able to exhibit optical transitions in the presence of external stimuli such as temperature, driven by the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phenomena. However, they suffer from inherent...

A highly sensitive, selective ratiometric fluorescent probe for cobalt(ii) and its applications for biological imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (21) ◽  
pp. 9740-9743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenyi Zhang ◽  
Mei Zhao ◽  
Weiping Zhu ◽  
Yufang Xu ◽  
Xuhong Qian
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Neutral Conditions ◽  
Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe

A novel fluorescent probe, E3, was designed, synthesized and evaluated. It responded to Co2+ with high selectivity and sensitivity under physiological neutral conditions specifically. Furthermore, notably, probe E3 was demonstrated to detect Co2+ in living cells, indicative of its practical application potential.

scholarly journals Tethered and Untethered 3D Microactuators Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Zhaoxin Lao ◽  
Neng Xia ◽  
Shijie Wang ◽  
Tiantian Xu ◽  
Xinyu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Mems Devices ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Laser Printing ◽  
Noninvasive Surgery ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
External Stimuli

Microactuators, which can transform external stimuli into mechanical motion at microscale, have attracted extensive attention because they can be used to construct microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and/or microrobots, resulting in extensive applications in a large number of fields such as noninvasive surgery, targeted delivery, and biomedical machines. In contrast to classical 2D MEMS devices, 3D microactuators provide a new platform for the research of stimuli-responsive functional devices. However, traditional planar processing techniques based on photolithography are inadequate in the construction of 3D microstructures. To solve this issue, researchers have proposed many strategies, among which 3D laser printing is becoming a prospective technique to create smart devices at the microscale because of its versatility, adjustability, and flexibility. Here, we review the recent progress in stimulus-responsive 3D microactuators fabricated with 3D laser printing depending on different stimuli. Then, an outlook of the design, fabrication, control, and applications of 3D laser-printed microactuators is propounded with the goal of providing a reference for related research.

scholarly journals Biohybrid Actuators for Soft Robotics: Challenges in Scaling Up

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Phillip Won ◽  
Seung Hwan Ko ◽  
Carmel Majidi ◽  
Adam W. Feinberg ◽  
Victoria A. Webster-Wood
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Soft Robotics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Artificial Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Macro Scale

Living systems have evolved to survive in a wide range of environments and safely interact with other objects and organisms. Thus, living systems have been the source of inspiration for many researchers looking to apply their mechanics and unique characteristics in engineering robotics. Moving beyond bioinspiration, biohybrid actuators, with compliance and self-healing capabilities enabled by living cells or tissue interfaced with artificial structures, have drawn great interest as ways to address challenges in soft robotics, and in particular have seen success in small-scale robotic actuation. However, macro-scale biohybrid actuators beyond the centimeter scale currently face many practical obstacles. In this perspective, we discuss the challenges in scaling up biohybrid actuators and the path to realize large-scale biohybrid soft robotics.

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