scholarly journals Obesity Trends and Body Mass Index Changes After Starting Antiretroviral Treatment: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Hasse ◽  
Martin Iff ◽  
Bruno Ledergerber ◽  
Alexandra Calmy ◽  
Patrick Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
Body Mass Index Increase ◽  
Obesity Trends ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Population Demographic

Abstract Background.  The factors that contribute to increasing obesity rates in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons and to body mass index (BMI) increase that typically occurs after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) are incompletely characterized. Methods.  We describe BMI trends in the entire Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) population and investigate the effects of demographics, HIV-related factors, and ART on BMI change in participants with data available before and 4 years after first starting ART. Results.  In the SHCS, overweight/obesity prevalence increased from 13% in 1990 (n = 1641) to 38% in 2012 (n = 8150). In the participants starting ART (n = 1601), mean BMI increase was 0.92 kg/m2 per year (95% confidence interval, .83–1.0) during year 0–1 and 0.31 kg/m2 per year (0.29–0.34) during years 1–4. In multivariable analyses, annualized BMI change during year 0–1 was associated with older age (0.15 [0.06–0.24] kg/m2) and CD4 nadir <199 cells/µL compared to nadir >350 (P < .001). Annualized BMI change during years 1–4 was associated with CD4 nadir <100 cells/µL compared to nadir >350 (P = .001) and black compared to white ethnicity (0.28 [0.16–0.37] kg/m2). Individual ART combinations differed little in their contribution to BMI change. Conclusions.  Increasing obesity rates in the SHCS over time occurred at the same time as aging of the SHCS population, demographic changes, earlier ART start, and increasingly widespread ART coverage. Body mass index increase after ART start was typically biphasic, the BMI increase in year 0–1 being as large as the increase in years 1–4 combined. The effect of ART regimen on BMI change was limited.

scholarly journals Mid-term Body Mass Index increase among obese and non-obese individuals in middle life and deprivation status: A cohort study

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Lyratzopoulos ◽  
Patrick McElduff ◽  
Richard F Heller ◽  
Margaret Hanily ◽  
Philip S Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass Index Increase ◽  
Deprivation Status

scholarly journals Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Iyen ◽  
Stephen Weng ◽  
Yana Vinogradova ◽  
Ralph K. Akyea ◽  
Nadeem Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although obesity is a well-recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the impact of long-term body mass index (BMI) changes in overweight or obese adults, on the risk of heart failure, CVD and mortality has not been quantified. Methods This population-based cohort study used routine UK primary care electronic health data linked to secondary care and death-registry records. We identified adults who were overweight or obese, free from CVD and who had repeated BMI measures. Using group-based trajectory modelling, we examined the BMI trajectories of these individuals and then determined incidence rates of CVD, heart failure and mortality associated with the different trajectories. Cox-proportional hazards regression determined hazards ratios for incident outcomes. Results 264,230 individuals (mean age 49.5 years (SD 12.7) and mean BMI 33.8 kg/m2 (SD 6.1)) were followed-up for a median duration of 10.9 years. Four BMI trajectories were identified, corresponding at baseline, with World Health Organisation BMI classifications for overweight, class-1, class-2 and class-3 obesity respectively. In all four groups, there was a small, stable upwards trajectory in BMI (mean BMI increase of 1.06 kg/m2 (± 3.8)). Compared with overweight individuals, class-3 obese individuals had hazards ratios (HR) of 3.26 (95% CI 2.98–3.57) for heart failure, HR of 2.72 (2.58–2.87) for all-cause mortality and HR of 3.31 (2.84–3.86) for CVD-related mortality, after adjusting for baseline demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion The majority of adults who are overweight or obese retain their degree of overweight or obesity over the long term. Individuals with stable severe obesity experience the worst heart failure, CVD and mortality outcomes. These findings highlight the high cardiovascular toll exacted by continuing failure to tackle obesity.

Body-Mass Index and Mortality in Incident Dementia: A Cohort Study on 11,398 Patients From SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 447.e1-447.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara García-Ptacek ◽  
Ingemar Kåreholt ◽  
Bahman Farahmand ◽  
Maria Luz Cuadrado ◽  
Dorota Religa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Dementia Registry

scholarly journals Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index explains infant's weight and BMI at 14 months: results from a multi-ethnic birth cohort study

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mesman ◽  
T J Roseboom ◽  
G J Bonsel ◽  
R J Gemke ◽  
M F van der Wal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Birth Cohort Study

scholarly journals Challenging the “jolly fat” hypothesis among older adults: High body mass index predicts increases in depressive symptoms over a 5-year period

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Joseph Dearborn ◽  
Michael A Robbins ◽  
Merrill F Elias
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Objectively Measured

Several investigators have observed lowered risk of depression among obese older adults, coining the “jolly fat” hypothesis. We examined this hypothesis using baseline and a 5-year follow-up body mass index, depressive symptoms, and covariates from 638 community-based older adults. High objectively measured body mass index and functional limitations predicted increased future depressive symptoms. However, symptoms did not predict future body mass index. Self-reported body mass index showed similar associations despite underestimating obesity prevalence. Results did not differ on the basis of gender. Results for this study, the first longitudinal reciprocal risk analysis between objectively measured body mass index and depressive symptoms among older adults, do not support the “jolly fat” hypothesis.

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