scholarly journals Central Nervous System and Neural Tube Birth Defects in the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Albano ◽  
Karen Beckerman ◽  
Lynne Mofenson ◽  
Andreas Pikis ◽  
Angela Scheuerle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Pregnancy Registry

Paediatric neuroscience care

2020 ◽  
pp. 467-492
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Spinal Disorders ◽  
Adult Services ◽  
Central Nervous System Tumours ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Craniofacial Syndromes

Paediatric neurology services care for children aged 0–16 years. Many of these children suffer genetic and complex neurological problems and frequently require life-long support. Hydrocephalus and central nervous system tumours are commonly presenting disorders; however, craniofacial syndromes, spinal disorders, spinal neural tube defects, epilepsy, and trauma including non-accidental injuries are frequently managed. Paediatric nurses specialize in the care of these children and support of their families but as they grow up and transition into adult services, it is the responsibility of general nurses to have a basic understanding of some of their conditions so they can maintain and continue their care.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of Birth Defects in Offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-594
Author(s):  
Nathalie Auger ◽  
Justin Côté-Daigneault ◽  
Marianne Bilodeau-Bertrand ◽  
Laura Arbour
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Central Nervous System Defects

Abstract Background and Aims The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy and birth defects is not understood. We evaluated whether Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in pregnant women were associated with the risk of birth defects in the offspring. Methods We undertook a retrospective cohort study of 2 184 888 pregnancies in Quebec, Canada, between 1989 and 2016. We calculated risk ratios [RR] and 95% confidence intervals [CI] for the association between inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of birth defects, using generalised estimating equations adjusted for maternal characteristics. We assessed associations in the period before 2000, when immunosuppressive biologic therapy and folic acid food fortification were not yet available, compared with the period after 2000 when these interventions were more widespread. Results This study included 13 099 women with Crohn’s disease and 7798 with ulcerative colitis. Crohn’s disease was associated with 1.90 times [95% CI 1.10–3.28] the risk of abdominal wall defects [gastroschisis, omphalocoele, and diaphragmatic hernia] and ulcerative colitis was associated with 1.53 times [95% CI 1.02–2.30] the risk of central nervous system defects. The association of Crohn’s disease with abdominal wall defects was stronger before 2000 [RR 3.62, 95% CI 1.71–7.67] than after 2000 [RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.55–2.75]. Ulcerative colitis was associated with central nervous system defects regardless of time period. Conclusions These findings suggest that inflammatory bowel disease is associated with the risk of abdominal wall and central nervous system defects, and that introduction of immunobiologic medications is unlikely to be associated with added risk. Podcast This article has an associated podcast which can be accessed at https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/pages/podcast

Developmental Overview of Central Neuroanatomy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Mason
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Dorsal Telencephalon ◽  
Adult Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

The central nervous system develops from a proliferating tube of cells and retains a tubular organization in the adult spinal cord and brain, including the forebrain. Failure of the neural tube to close at the front is lethal, whereas failure to close the tube at the back end produces spina bifida, a serious neural tube defect. Swellings in the neural tube develop into the hindbrain, midbrain, diencephalon, and telencephalon. The diencephalon sends an outpouching out of the cranium to form the retina, providing an accessible window onto the brain. The dorsal telencephalon forms the cerebral cortex, which in humans is enormously expanded by growth in every direction. Running through the embryonic neural tube is an internal lumen that becomes the cerebrospinal fluid–containing ventricular system. The effects of damage to the spinal cord and forebrain are compared with respect to impact on self and potential for improvement.

scholarly journals Association between maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and rare birth defects of the face and central nervous system

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albeliz Santiago‐Colón ◽  
Carissa M. Rocheleau ◽  
I‐Chen Chen ◽  
Wayne Sanderson ◽  
Martha A. Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Face ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

scholarly journals Central Nervous System Birth Defects in Surgically Treated Infants in Sarajevo Region of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Aličelebić ◽  
Alma Arslanagić ◽  
Zakira Mornjaković
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Pes Equinovarus ◽  
Clinical Records

Congenital anomalies of the central nervous system (CNS) are common. The prevalence of these anomalies shows considerable geographical variation and female predominance. The aim of this work was to obtain the frequency of different CNS congenital anomalies types and their sex distribution among cases hospitalized in a Department of Neurosurgery, University of Sarajevo Clinics Center, Bosnia and Herzegovina, during the period January 2001 to December 2004. Retrospective study was carried out on the basis of the clinical records. Standard methods of descriptive statistics were performed for the data analysis. A total of 103 cases were surgically treated in the period from 2001 through 2004. Out of that number 56 (54,4%) were female patients, while 47 (46,6%) were male patients. Seven different CNS birth defect types were found in this investigation. These were: spina bifida (42 cases or 40,78%), congenital hydrocephalus (35 cases or 33,98%), arachnoid cyst (15 cases or 14,56%), Dandy-Walker syndrome (5 cases or 4,85%), dermoid cyst (4 cases or 3,88%), one of Arnold-Chiari syndrome (0,98%) and one of encefalocele (0,98%). According to this investigation, CNS congenital birth defects were slightly higher in females (54,4%). The most frequent types were spina bifida (40,78%) both in females (22,33%) and in males (18,45%), hydrocephalus (33,98%) and arachnoid cyst (14,56%). The anomalies of the other organ systems, associated with CNS anomalies obtained in this investigation, were pes equinovarus, cheiloshisis, cardiomegalia and palatoshisis. They were found in six cases (5,82%), equal in both sexes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document