scholarly journals Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine With Deletion of RNA Synthesis Regulatory Protein M2-2 and Cold Passage Mutations Is Overattenuated

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Coleen K Cunningham ◽  
Ruth Karron ◽  
Petronella Muresan ◽  
Elizabeth J McFarland ◽  
Charlotte Perlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Vaccine Virus ◽  
Quantitative Culture ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine

Abstract Background The live respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) candidate vaccine LIDcpΔM2-2 is attenuated through deletion of M2-2 and 5 cold-passage mutations. Methods RSV-seronegative children aged 6–24 months received a single intranasal dose of 105 plaque-forming units (PFU) of LIDcpΔM2-2 or placebo. RSV serum antibodies, vaccine infectivity, and reactogenicity were assessed. Results Four of 11 (36%) vaccinees shed vaccine virus with median peak titers of 1.6 log10 PFU/mL by quantitative culture and 4.5 log10 copies/mL by polymerase chain reaction; 45% had ≥4-fold rise in serum-neutralizing antibodies. Respiratory symptoms or fever were common in vaccinees (64%) and placebo recipients (6/6, 100%). Conclusions RSV LIDcpΔM2-2 is overattenuated. Clinical Trial Numbers. NCT02890381, NCT02948127.

scholarly journals Live-Attenuated Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Candidate With Deletion of RNA Synthesis Regulatory Protein M2-2 is Highly Immunogenic in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 217 (9) ◽  
pp. 1347-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J McFarland ◽  
Ruth A Karron ◽  
Petronella Muresan ◽  
Coleen K Cunningham ◽  
Megan E Valentine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine

Detection of Genomic Sequences of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Otitis Media with Effusion in Children

1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (10_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Okamoto ◽  
Kazuo Kudo ◽  
Koji Shirotori ◽  
Misao Nakazawa ◽  
Eiko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Viral Sequences

The reverse transcriptase—polymerase chain reaction and the nested polymerase chain reaction were used for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) sequences in middle ear effusions collected from children with otitis media. Sequences of RSV were detected in 21 of 34 samples tested. These samples were collected during and/or after natural outbreaks of RSV infection in the community. In those patients from whose nasopharynges RSV was isolated, the viral sequences were highly detectable (75%) in the effusions. These observations suggest RSV as an important factor in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion.

scholarly journals Respiratory Pathogens in Children 1 Month to 5 Years of Age Presenting With Undifferentiated Acute Respiratory Distress in 2 District-Level Hospitals in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Patrick T Wilson ◽  
Frank Baiden ◽  
Joshua C Brooks ◽  
Katie M Giessler ◽  
Gavin Apio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Ghanaian children (2176) aged <5 years who presented with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress were tested for respiratory pathogens using a BioFire FilmArray polymerase chain reaction assay. Rhinovirus and/or enterovirus was detected in 36% of the assays, respiratory syncytial virus in 11%, and parainfluenza in 7%. Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus were detected more frequently in the rainy season than in the dry season.

One-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus in children

2008 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto do Nascimento ◽  
Andréa Lima Leal ◽  
Thereza Silva Souza ◽  
Cláudia Trigo Pedroso de Moraes ◽  
Priscila Comone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
One Step ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Prevalence of respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction in children with wheezing, a systematic review and meta–analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243735
Author(s):  
Cyprien Kengne–Nde ◽  
Sebastien Kenmoe ◽  
Abdou Fatawou Modiyinji ◽  
Richard Njouom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Introduction Wheezing is a major problem in children, and respiratory viruses are often believed to be the causative agent. While molecular detection tools enable identification of respiratory viruses in wheezing children, it remains unclear if and how these viruses are associated with wheezing. The objective of this systematic review is to clarify the prevalence of different respiratory viruses in children with wheezing. Methods We performed an electronic in Pubmed and Global Index Medicus on 01 July 2019 and manual search. We performed search of studies that have detected common respiratory viruses in children ≤18 years with wheezing. We included only studies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Study data were extracted and the quality of articles assessed. We conducted sensitivity, subgroup, publication bias, and heterogeneity analyses using a random effects model. Results The systematic review included 33 studies. Rhinovirus, with a prevalence of 35.6% (95% CI 24.6–47.3, I2 98.4%), and respiratory syncytial virus, at 31.0% (95% CI 19.9–43.3, I2 96.4%), were the most common viruses detected. The prevalence of other respiratory viruses was as follows: human bocavirus 8.1% (95% CI 5.3–11.3, I2 84.6%), human adenovirus 7.7% (95% CI 2.6–15.0, I2 91.0%), influenza virus6.5% (95% CI 2.2–12.6, I2 92.4%), human metapneumovirus5.8% (95% CI 3.4–8.8, I2 89.0%), enterovirus 4.3% (95% CI 0.1–12.9, I2 96.2%), human parainfluenza virus 3.8% (95% CI 1.5–6.9, I2 79.1%), and human coronavirus 2.2% (95% CI 0.6–4.4, I2 79.4%). Conclusions Our results suggest that rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus may contribute to the etiology of wheezing in children. While the clinical implications of molecular detection of respiratory viruses remains an interesting question, this study helps to illuminate the potential of role respiratory viruses in pediatric wheezing. Review registration PROSPERO, CRD42018115128.

scholarly journals Live Respiratory Syncytial Virus Attenuated by M2-2 Deletion and Stabilized Temperature Sensitivity Mutation 1030s Is a Promising Vaccine Candidate in Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J McFarland ◽  
Ruth A Karron ◽  
Petronella Muresan ◽  
Coleen K Cunningham ◽  
Jennifer Libous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Abstract Background The safety and immunogenicity of live respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) candidate vaccine, LID/ΔM2-2/1030s, with deletion of RSV ribonucleic acid synthesis regulatory protein M2-2 and genetically stabilized temperature-sensitivity mutation 1030s in the RSV polymerase protein was evaluated in RSV-seronegative children. Methods Respiratory syncytial virus-seronegative children ages 6–24 months received 1 intranasal dose of 105 plaque-forming units (PFU) of LID/ΔM2-2/1030s (n = 21) or placebo (n = 11). The RSV serum antibodies, vaccine shedding, and reactogenicity were assessed. During the following RSV season, medically attended acute respiratory illness (MAARI) and pre- and postsurveillance serum antibody titers were monitored. Results Eighty-five percent of vaccinees shed LID/ΔM2-2/1030s vaccine (median peak nasal wash titers: 3.1 log10 PFU/mL by immunoplaque assay; 5.1 log10 copies/mL by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and had ≥4-fold rise in serum-neutralizing antibodies. Respiratory symptoms and fever were common (60% vaccinees and 27% placebo recipients). One vaccinee had grade 2 wheezing with rhinovirus but without concurrent LID/ΔM2-2/1030s shedding. Five of 19 vaccinees had ≥4-fold increases in antibody titers postsurveillance without RSV-MAARI, indicating anamnestic responses without significant illness after infection with community-acquired RSV. Conclusions LID/ΔM2-2/1030s had excellent infectivity without evidence of genetic instability, induced durable immunity, and primed for anamnestic antibody responses, making it an attractive candidate for further evaluation.

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