scholarly journals Juggling parenthood and ornithology: A full lifecycle approach to supporting mothers through the American Ornithological Society

The Condor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susannah B Lerman ◽  
Liba Pejchar ◽  
Lauryn Benedict ◽  
Kristen M Covino ◽  
Janis L Dickinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Leaky Pipeline ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

Abstract The understanding that motherhood impacts career paths is so pervasive among early-career scientists that some feel they must choose parenthood or a career. The penalties associated with motherhood can contribute to the “leaky pipeline,” which equates to the high attrition rate of women due to social, economical, or temporal factors as they proceed through their career and exacerbates persistent gender gaps at mid- and late-career stages. Here, we review the literature and summarize common challenges faced by ornithologist mothers and nonbinary parents, and we adopt a full lifecycle approach to recommend evidence-based strategies for overcoming those challenges. The American Ornithological Society (AOS) is well positioned to support and celebrate women and nonbinary ornithologists who choose parenthood, and we highlight progress made by the AOS to improve gender diversity, equity, and inclusion within the Society. For example, AOS caregiver grants allow more parents to attend and participate in conferences. We suggest additional initiatives (e.g., elevating role models, hosting mentoring networks, and disseminating best practices) that could further support women who want to become or already are parents while also achieving rewarding careers in ornithology. AOS leadership can take steps to close the gender gap in ornithology and other Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics fields. With a larger, more diverse, and talented community, the Society will be better equipped to achieve its mission: conserving and understanding bird life on earth, enriching ornithology as a profession, and mentoring young professionals.

Breaking Gender Barriers: Local actions towards gender equality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Ulvrova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Host Institution ◽  
Career Support ◽  
Female Role ◽  
Gender Barriers ◽  
Gender Biases ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
High Level

<p>Geosciences together with larger STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) communities are highly burdened with striking imbalance between female and male researchers especially at high level positions. Indeed, for example in Earth and Planetary Sciences women represent only around 37% of the scientific community. Moreover, different expressions of gender biases tend to preserve these male dominated environments and thwart achieving gender balanced work places. In this contribution, I present three local actions that aim to improve gender diversity in science and promote gender equality. 1) Together with the 500 Women Scientists organisation and supported by the host university, I have been organising a series of Breaking Gender Barriers discussion evenings. These events include short presentations by female experts, and panel and roundtable discussions. We target female researchers in their early careers to increase their competitiveness, motivate them, show them female role models and provide them with networking opportunities. 2) I co-created a mentoring group at my host institution that helps in career building, provides a safe environment for sharing and offers networking opportunities. 3) Lack of female role models in science (evinced already at very early age in the education chain) impedes heavily the communities to evolve into gender parity systems. That is why I present female scientific role models depicted on high quality posters to large public. Combination of these actions are critical in motivating young girls to pursue a scientific career, support sustainable career development and contribute as a solution to losing female researchers at diverse career stages known as the leaky pipeline problem.   </p>

Women in radiology: why is the pipeline still leaking and how can we plug it?

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina S Weigel ◽  
Rahel A Kubik-Huch ◽  
Catherine Gebhard
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Active Monitoring ◽  
Leaky Pipeline

Today, >50% of medical students are women. This proportion, however, dramatically decreases throughout the higher levels of academia, a phenomenon described as the “leaky pipeline.” This gender disparity is particularly pronounced in academic radiology, mirrored by a significant lack of women in editorial board positions, key authorship positions, and conference keynote lectures. The scientific invisibility is not only a key hurdle facing women in radiology, the lack of female role models and mentors in this context might also negatively affect career choices of young female radiologists thereby further widen the existing gender gap. In this article, the origins of the “leaky pipeline,” the reasons for women’s choice or rejection of careers in academic medicine, as well as solutions as to how the continued loss of a large part of the talent pool can be prevented, are discussed. Active monitoring and intervention are needed to identify problems, plan targeted actions, and evaluate their efficacy. Among those are measures that address a lack of support in the workplace, specific mentoring needs of women, flexible working hours and opportunities to align work and family, financial constraints, and support for returners after career breaks. Cooperative steps of politics and universities need to be taken that ensure a sustainable way forward to enable many talented women in radiology to achieve their full potential.

Gender Diversity Effects in Investment Decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-152
Author(s):  
Lennard Hohl ◽  
Peter M. Bican ◽  
Carsten C. Guderian ◽  
Frederik J. Riar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Business Angels ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Angel Investment

This study examines the gender gap in investment decisions in a prominent setting: the American TV show Shark Tank. Our study is based on a sample of 895 pitches from 10 seasons comprising 222 episodes from 2009 to 2019. Contradicting prior research, our findings suggest that female entrepreneurs are not discriminated against in pitch success rates, independent of their respective industrial settings. We find that the valuations from the entrepreneurs themselves (males overvalued their ventures by 57.19%) and final deal valuations (male deals were overvalued by 50.50%) are significantly lower for females, hinting towards a self-imposed gender gap in entrepreneurship and angel investing. As the gender gap in entrepreneurship and angel investment seems to result from a lower rate of entrepreneurial intentions by women, we suggest fostering female entrepreneurship by raising the number of female entrepreneurs and business angels who may serve as role models among those potential female entrepreneurs and business angels at the brink of becoming actual entrepreneurs, as demonstrated in Shark Tank. Particularly, in teams, mixed founder teams consisting of males and females may support the creation of promising start-ups with viable business models.

scholarly journals TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY IN EDUCATION AND CAREER IN THE EARTH OBSERVATION AND GI SECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B5-2021 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
B. Riedler ◽  
N. Stéphenne ◽  
E. Aguilar-Moreno ◽  
M. Jagaille ◽  
A. Monfort-Muriach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Education ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Equality In Education

Abstract. Gender inequality is omnipresent in our society and in the field of education and training, the gender gap is especially evident in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) disciplines. While different studies have been conducted about potential reasons explaining this gap, little is known about gender inequality and underlying factors in the Earth Observation and Geoinformatics (EO*GI) domain. To close some parts of this knowledge gap, the initiative Women in Copernicus was established with the overall goal to make women working in the EO*GI field and especially in the Copernicus ecosystem more visible. This paper analyses the results of a survey of 462 women identifying reasons for not choosing STEM education and the barriers related to educational choices in their career path. The main obstacles that hinder choosing a STEM education for these women are stereotypes in society, missing female role models but also culture, television and society message transmitted by the media. The lack of self-confidence is an essential factor in this choice and is also experienced as a barrier during individual career paths. This analysis provides insights valuable for political decisions making targeting at a gender-balanced work environment and emphasizes the importance of attracting more girls and young women towards a STEM education and supporting them during their career to reach skills and occupational equality and strengthen the economic development of the EO*GI sector.

scholarly journals Women’s role in neurosurgical research: is the gender gap improving?

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. E6
Author(s):  
Marta Pastor-Cabeza ◽  
Ramon Torné ◽  
Roser García-Armengol ◽  
Belén Menéndez-Osorio ◽  
Alejandra Mosteiro-Cadaval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Editorial Boards ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Female Authors ◽  
The Us ◽  
Female Authorship

OBJECTIVEThe percentage of women publishing high-impact neurosurgical research might be perceived as a representation of our specialty and may influence the perpetuation of the existing gender gap. This study investigated whether the trend in women taking lead roles in neurosurgical research has mirrored the increase in female neurosurgeons during the past decade and whether our most prestigious publications portray enough female role models to stimulate gender diversity among the new generation of neurosurgeons.METHODSTwo of the most prominent neurosurgical journals—Journal of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgery—were selected for this study, and every original article that was published in 2009 and 2019 in each of those journals was investigated according to the gender of the first and senior authors, their academic titles, their affiliations, and their institutions’ region.RESULTSA total of 1328 articles were analyzed. The percentage of female authors was significantly higher in Europe and Russia compared with the US and Canada (first authors: 60/302 [19.9%] vs 109/829 [13.1%], p = 0.005; and senior authors: 32/302 [10.6%] vs 57/829 [6.9%], p = 0.040). Significantly increased female authorship was observed from 2009 to 2019, and overall numbers of both first and senior female authors almost doubled. However, when analyzing by regions, female authorship increased significantly only in the US and Canada. Female authors of neurosurgical research articles were significantly less likely to hold an MD degree compared with men. Female neurosurgeons serving as senior authors were represented in only 3.6% (48/1328) of articles. Women serving as senior authors were more likely to have a female colleague listed as the first author of their research (29/97 [29.9%] vs 155/1231 [12.6%]; χ2 = 22.561, p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSAlthough this work showed an encouraging increase in the number of women publishing high-impact neurosurgical research, the stagnant trend in Europe may suggest that a glass ceiling has been reached and further advances in equity would require more aggressive measures. The differences in the researchers’ profiles (academic title and affiliation) suggest an even wider gender gap. Cultural unconscious bias may explain why female senior authors have more than double the number of women serving as their junior authors compared with men. While changes in the workforce happen, strategies such as publishing specific issues on women, encouraging female editorials, and working toward more gender-balanced editorial boards may help our journals to portray a more equitable specialty that would not discourage bright female candidates.

scholarly journals STEM Gender Gap and the Leaky Pipeline: A-levels to University

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anesa Hosein
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Physical Science ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Affective Attitudes ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Leaky Pipeline ◽  
And Mathematics

Using a longitudinal cohort study, the LSYPE, the paper investigates the destination of boys and girls with a physical science, technology, engineering and mathematics (PSTEM) A-levels (secondary school examinations) into degree programmes. Boys were more likely to go into a PSTEM degree than girls (7 times vs 5 times). Girls were more likely to pursue a biological sciences or related degree. A PSTEM A-level appeared to be a factor in ensuring girls go into university. Whilst boys early life performance and self-concept in STEM subjects were factors influencing a PSTEM destination degree, for girls, this was only due to their socioeconomic background. This suggests that their systematic issues that influences girls entry into PSTEM degrees rather than their own cognitive or affective attitudes.

scholarly journals Addressing gender imbalance in intensive care

Critical Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Louis Vincent ◽  
Nicole P. Juffermans ◽  
Karen E. A. Burns ◽  
V. Marco Ranieri ◽  
Chryssa Pourzitaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Gender Imbalance ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

AbstractThere is a large gender gap in critical care medicine with women underrepresented, particularly in positions of leadership. Yet gender diversity better reflects the current critical care community and has multiple beneficial effects at individual and societal levels. In this Viewpoint, we discuss some of the reasons for the persistent gender imbalance in critical care medicine, and suggest some possible strategies to help achieve greater equity and inclusion. An explicit and consistent focus on eliminating gender inequity is needed until gender diversity and inclusion become the norms in critical care medicine.

scholarly journals Using IoT for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in Education

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Oliva-Maza ◽  
Enrique Torres-Moreno ◽  
María Villarroya-Gaudó ◽  
Natalia Ayuso-Escuer
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Impact

Whereas the demand of pure Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) jobs is increasing, young people interested on STEM studies are decreasing. Among the reasons, different studies show that male and female students do not have a clear perception of engineering. Furthermore, there is a very worrying gender gap in fields as Computer Science. The lack of role models, stereotypes and the perception of a machine and programming oriented discipline are pointed out as possible reasons. In order to reverse the situation, this paper presents an ongoing project to be conducted at the early years of high school to connect computer engineering with environment giving the students the idea that computer engineering is not only about programming and giving them real-life applications. Then, the project serves of Internet of Things (IoT) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) to propose students a real world problem to face and promote engineering vocations. One of the key aspects of the project is to be directed to young students. This increases the impact in both number of students attending the activity and the possibility that teachers accomplish actions against the gender gap before it is well established.

Discovering, Developing, Teaching

2020 ◽  
pp. 143-158
Author(s):  
Bill Emmott
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The University ◽  
National Universities

A common gender stereotype holds that women are less suitable to be scientists than men even though there is no evidence for this proposition. In Japan, a big gender gap in STEM subjects in high school translates into low numbers of female students studying science at university and low admission rates of females to national universities for which all applicants for all degrees are required to sit an exam in science. But role models do exist to encourage the younger generation, and some national universities are trying hard to encourage more female students to study science, technology, and mathematics. Interviews with three role models who took science degrees and went on to successful careers in academia, finance, and consumer electronics, show that barriers are considerable but that they can be overcome. An interview with the president of Nagoya University, Matsuo Seiichi, examines what the university is doing to try to close the gender gap.

scholarly journals Women in radiology: gender diversity is not a metric—it is a tool for excellence

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 1644-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel A. Kubik-Huch ◽  
Valérie Vilgrain ◽  
Gabriel P. Krestin ◽  
Maximilian F. Reiser ◽  
Ulrike I. Attenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Unconscious Bias ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Generational Changes

Abstract Women in Focus: Be Inspired was a unique programme held at the 2019 European Congress of Radiology that was structured to address a range of topics related to gender and healthcare, including leadership, mentoring and the generational progression of women in medicine. In most countries, women constitute substantially fewer than half of radiologists in academia or private practice despite frequently accounting for at least half of medical school enrolees. Furthermore, the proportion of women decreases at higher academic ranks and levels of leadership, a phenomenon which has been referred to as a “leaky pipeline”. Gender diversity in the radiologic workplace, including in academic and leadership positions, is important for the present and future success of the field. It is a tool for excellence that helps to optimize patient care and research; moreover, it is essential to overcome the current shortage of radiologists. This article reviews the current state of gender diversity in academic and leadership positions in radiology internationally and explores a wide range of potential reasons for gender disparities, including the lack of role models and mentorship, unconscious bias and generational changes in attitudes about the desirability of leadership positions. Strategies for both individuals and institutions to proactively increase the representation of women in academic and leadership positions are suggested. Key Points • Gender-diverse teams perform better. Thus, gender diversity throughout the radiologic workplace, including in leadership positions, is important for the current and future success of the field. • Though women now make up roughly half of medical students, they remain underrepresented among radiology trainees, faculty and leaders. • Factors leading to the gender gap in academia and leadership positions in Radiology include a lack of role models and mentors, unconscious biases, other societal barriers and generational changes.

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