Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Moralee
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Affective Engagement ◽  
Dark Ages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Middle Ages

The epilogue traces the afterlife of the Capitoline Hill’s late antique history, the unresolved tension between the valuation and devaluation of the Capitol’s multiplying and variegated histories into the Middle Ages. The Capitol was a physical space that structured the lives and urban environment of postclassical Rome, and it was an imaginary location that animated an affective engagement with the hill’s traditions as well as Christian polemics against the materiality of pagan cults. It became one of the Seven Wonders of the World, a notable stop for sightseeing tours, and the location of an incredible collection of statues called the Salvatio Civium. In the Middle Ages, the Capitoline Hill became even more mystically charged than it had ever been in its long history. What ended the hill’s ancient legacy was not the so-called Dark Ages but Fascist urban planning and modern assertions of the value of heritage.

The Making of the Medieval Middle East

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Tannous
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious History ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the second half of the first millennium CE, the Christian Middle East fractured irreparably into competing churches and Arabs conquered the region, setting in motion a process that would lead to its eventual conversion to Islam. This book argues that key to understanding these dramatic religious transformations are ordinary religious believers, often called “the simple” in late antique and medieval sources. Largely agrarian and illiterate, these Christians outnumbered Muslims well into the era of the Crusades, and yet they have typically been invisible in our understanding of the Middle East's history. What did it mean for Christian communities to break apart over theological disagreements that most people could not understand? How does our view of the rise of Islam change if we take seriously the fact that Muslims remained a demographic minority for much of the Middle Ages? In addressing these and other questions, the book provides a sweeping reinterpretation of the religious history of the medieval Middle East. The book draws on a wealth of Greek, Syriac, and Arabic sources to recast these conquered lands as largely Christian ones whose growing Muslim populations are properly understood as converting away from and in competition with the non-Muslim communities around them.

Clothing and Female Reclusion in The Life of Mary of Egypt and The Life of Christina of Markyate

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Anna McKay
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
Literary Representation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Holy Women ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Mary Of Egypt ◽  
The Middle Ages

Over the past two decades, medieval feminist scholarship has increasingly turned to the literary representation of textiles as a means of exploring the oftensilenced experiences of women in the Middle Ages. This article uses fabric as a lens through which to consider the world of the female recluse, exploring the ways in which clothing operates as a tether to patriarchal, secular values in Paul the Deacon’s eighthcentury Life of Mary of Egypt and the twelfth-century Life of Christina of Markyate. In rejecting worldly garb as recluses, these holy women seek out and achieve lives of spiritual autonomy and independence.

Mandelstam: The Realm of Unexpectedness

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-83
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. Neretina
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Logical Framework ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
The Real ◽  
Logical Construction ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the essay “Conversation about Dante,” Mandelstam described logic, which he defined as the “realm of unexpectedness,” which is unlike any everyday logical construction. Based on the analysis of Mandelstam’s text, it is assumed that we are talking about a tropology that arose in the Middle Ages, the principles of which can be derived from studies of St. Augustine’s treatise De Dialectica and Petrus Сomestor’s Historia Scholastica. It is this triple commonwealth (Augustine – Comestor – Dante, read by Mandelstam) that creates the multilayered logical framework of the work. Augustine created a completely different dialectic than in classical antiquity. Augustine considers dialectics as an art of discussion and describes the real steps that contribute to the emergence of speech, which corresponds to Mandelstam’s concept of conversation. According to Augustine, at the basis of any speech, is a trope-turn. In the article, attention is drawn to the sound nature of creation process. This logic, used in explaining the creation of the world according to the logos/word (tropology), assumes that, at the basis of the speech act, there is no the word as a unit of speech, but the sound itself – the sound, which was considered initially equivocal (ambiguous). In the process of pronounciation, the sound could turn into its opposite and could change the meaning of speech if the context has been changed. Dante expressed the meaning of tropology in practice. Mandelstam wrote that he had chosen Dante for the conversation (between poet and poet) “because he is the greatest and indisputable master of reversible and reversing poetic substance.” Mandelstam saw Dante as the Descartes of metaphor.

On the Psychology of the Crusades

1906 ◽  
Vol 52 (219) ◽  
pp. 745-755
Author(s):  
William W. Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Nature ◽  
The Middle Ages

Although the world will never again see anything like the great crusades of the middle ages, these events may be traced to causes which, though now of less force, still influence the human mind, appealing to the simplest and deepest cravings of our common nature.

scholarly journals Michel Seress’ Integumentum, or Why Ecology Lies (Also) Beyond Arguments

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-82
Author(s):  
Alexandru Matei ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ecological Theory ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
Michel Serres ◽  
The World ◽  
The Middle Ages

During the Middle Ages, integumentum was a term widely used by “intellectuals” (Le Goff) in order to unfold the function of allegory: there is no story whose signification does not echo the sacred texts, and every sacred truth needs a story to bring it to life. Integumentum was a way to make this echo explicit: a sort of “poetical coat hiding a moral or philosophical truth” (John of Garland). We want to suggest that, while no one uses integumentum anymore in order to designate the rhetoric of modern and contemporary theoretical discourse, it is in ecological theory that we may rediscover its afterlives. Hence, integumentum is not only a form of telling truths, but a form of memory, as well. In this respect, Michel Serres may be considered the first “ecological” thinker, as he avoids abstract metalanguages as much as possible, relying instead on fictions and characters in his attempt to describe the world afresh. If integumentum resurfaces as the proper way of “ecologizing,” instead of modernizing (Latour), we would like to uncover, in Michel Serres’ works, the dialectic of subjects and objects.

scholarly journals Hacia un urbanismo emergente: La ciudad viva

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyes Gallegos Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Public Intervention ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Documentary Source ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiple Voices ◽  
The World

Este artículo muestra algunos resultados de mi tesis doctoral, cuya fuente documental es la contenida en el Proyecto La ciudad viva (LCV), iniciado en 2008 por la Junta de Andalucía con el propósito de revisar las disfunciones de la ciudad contemporánea y aportar soluciones, logrando ser el canal de reflexión y participación más utilizado en nuestro país y en el ámbito urbanístico durante años.La hipótesis defiende que las múltiples voces y perspectivas contenidas en LCV, descubren nuevas lógicas urbanas que necesitamos explorar si queremos un futuro diferente. Para lo cual, y tras analizar y relacionar los contenidos (generados en la última década por corresponsales repartidos por el todo el mundo), se identifican una serie de ZONAS que, mediante una serie de RELATOS literarios, hacen referencia a sus numerosas fuentes multidisciplinares, y son:Zona 1. Generación rotonda. La crisis de la habitabilidad contemporánea.Zona 2. Flânerie es femenino. Caminar por la ciudad con perspectiva de género.Zona 3. Periferias. La intervención pública en los barrios europeos de vivienda social.Zona 4. Derecho a techo. Alternativas habitacionales.Los relatos, que observan y analizan “la ciudad heredada”, terminan en “itinerarios hacia un urbanismo emergente” que localizan propuestas con nuevos instrumentos para “la ciudad por hacer”. Abstract: This article shows some results of my doctoral thesis. The documentary source is included in the "The living city" Project (TLC), started in 2008 by the Andalusian Government to revise the dysfunctions of the contemporary city and provide solutions. It became the most used rethinking and participation channel in our country and in the urban environment for years.The hypothesis advocates that the multiple voices and perspectives included in TLC discover new urban logics that we need to explore if we desire a different future. To achieve that goal and after analyzing and linking the contents (many articles and posts generated during the last decade by different people from all over the world), several AREAS are being identified and, through several literary STORIES, they refer to many multidisciplinar sources. These areas are: Area 1. Roundabout generation, the crisis of contemporary habitability.Area 2. Flânerie is feminine, a pedestrian city with a gender perspective.Area 3. Peripheries, the public intervention in European social housing neighborhoods.Area 4. Right to housing; housing alternatives.Stories, that observe and analyze "the inherited city", end up in “itineraries "towards an emerging urban planning", that locate through diagrams and proposals, new tools and applications for "the to be done city".

scholarly journals Tòpics retòrics dels textos hagiogràfics bizantins i catalans

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Ángel Narro
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The West ◽  
Lives Of Saints ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Catalan Literature ◽  
The Middle Ages

Resum: El present treball analitza comparativament els principals tòpics retòrics presents als pròlegs de textos hagiogràfics bizantins i catalans. El punt de partença és la consolidació del gènere hagiogràfic com a tal en la literatura grega tardo-antiga i d’època bizantina i la seua influència sobre el desenvolupament de l’hagiografia en Occident, primer en llatí i després en les llengües romàniques a partir de l’Edat Mitjana. En aquest sentit, podrem observar l’ús d’un mateix repertori de caràcter retòric per presentar i embellir el text i analitzarem l’explicació d’aquest fenomen i les perspectives d’estudi a explorar.    Paraules clau: hagiografia, literatura bizantina, literatura catalana, vides de sants.   Abstract: This article is aimed to compare the main rhetorical topoi of the prologues of both Byzantine and Catalan Hagiographical texts. The starting point is the consolidation of Hagiography as a literary genre in Late Antique Greek and Byzantine literature and its influence on the development of Hagiography in the West, first on Latin and then on Romance texts from the Middle Ages. In this way, we will observe the use of similar rhetorical resources to introduce and embellish the texts and analyze the explanation of this issue and the different approaches to explore.   Keywords: hagiography, byzantine literature, catalan literature, lives of saints.  

scholarly journals Vernacular Translation as Enarratio Poetarum: Cædmon's “Hymn of Creation”

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Greta Kaušikaitė ◽  
Tatyana Solomonik-Pankrašova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Latin Literature ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Constituent Part ◽  
The World ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Book Of Genesis ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the Middle Ages, interpreter was thought to be a poet, skilled in the art of composition; and an exegete, able to turn the enigmatic mode of the Scriptures into the human language. Medieval translation appertained to a hermeneutical performance, with the ‘modus inveniendi’ as its constituent part. This article aims at revealing the enigmatic mode of medieval translation in Cædmon’s ‘Hymn of Creation’. Cædmon, an unenlightened cowherd, miraculously acquired the gift to recite a Christian Song, which rendered the world ‘as a Dive work of Art’. Cædmon is re–creating the original texts by imposing his ‘enarratio poetarum’ upon the Story of Creation as manifest in the ‘Book of Genesis’, the Latin ‘Vulgate’. The novelty of the research lies in deciphering the ‘enarratio poetarum’ in Cædmon’s ‘Hymn of Creation’ as a transformation from rhetorical poetics to hermeneutics, from the ‘modus inveniendi’ to the ‘modus interpretandi’, so that the Cædmonian ‘artes poetriae’ becomes inseparable from exegesis. Most previous research1 focused on the poetic vocabulary, viz., the fusion of heroic Germanic idiom and Christian lore in the context of Anglo–Latin literature. Cædmon rendered the thirty one line of Genesis, the Act of Creation, into the nine–line ‘Hymn of Creation’, which embraces not only the Act of Creation, but adores the Creator by giving Him a variety of poetic names. By re–creating the text of the Scriptures Cædmon is becoming the ‘fidus interpres’ in the sense of faithful exegete.

Stages of the formation of the Islamic concept of international law in the medieval and modern time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Okladnaya ◽  
Olena Hurenko
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Middle Ages

Problem setting. Islamic international law is a set of Islamic norms and customs that govern the relationship of Muslim States and Muslims with non-Muslim States, as well as with Muslim individuals within and outside the world of Islam. Islam has come a long and difficult way from the emergence of religion in modern ideology. It is considered one of the leading religions of the world and has a significant influence on a large number of people and states, so it is advisable to study one of the outstanding stages of the formation of the Islamic system in the field of international law, namely the Middle Ages and find out its connection with modernity. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The Islamic science of international law is in the process of development, during which its representatives try to combine the traditional values of Islam with the basic principles of modern international law. Among the scientists who made a significant contribution to the study of the Islamic concept of international law, its historical development and the modern situation, one can distinguish such as A. Butkevich, L. Sukiyainen, Al-Shaybani, Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, V. Knapp, M. Sana, Sardar Ali S., Hilmli M. Zavati, A. Merezhko, B. Feldman and others. Target of research. Study of the Islamic concept of international law, analysis and comparison of content, significance of Islamic international law in the Middle Ages and modern times. Article’s main body. The article is devoted to the main stages of the formation of one of the most important systems of international law – Islamic, which is a collection of unique traditional values, legal norms and customs of Islam. The stages of development in the Middle Ages and the connection with modernity were investigated, the main features in the Middle Ages were determined. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Islamic international law is a set of Islamic norms and customs that govern the relationship of Muslim States and Muslims with non-Muslim States, as well as with Muslim individuals within and outside the world of Islam. Islam has come a long and difficult way from the emergence of religion in modern ideology. It is considered one of the leading religions of the world and has a significant influence on a large number of people and states, so it is advisable to study one of the outstanding stages of the formation of the Islamic system in the field of international law, namely the Middle Ages and find out its connection with modernity.

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