Digital Journalism, Drones, and Automation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cate Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Digital Journalism ◽  
Cloud Servers

Advances in online technology and news systems, such as automated reasoning across digital resources and connectivity to cloud servers for storage and software, have changed digital journalism production and publishing methods. Integrated media systems used by editors are also conduits to search systems and social media, but the lure of big data and rise in fake news have fragmented some layers of journalism, alongside investments in analytics and a shift in the loci for verification. Data has generated new roles to exploit data insights and machine learning methods, but access to big data and data lakes is so significant it has spawned newsworthy partnerships between media moguls and social media entrepreneurs. However, digital journalism does not even have its own semantic systems that could protect the values of journalism, but relies on the affordances of other systems. Amidst indexing and classification systems for well-defined vocabulary and concepts in news, data leaks and metadata present challenges for journalism. By contrast data visualisations and real-time field reporting with short-form mobile media and civilian drones set new standards during the European asylum seeker crisis. Aerial filming with drones also adds to the ontological base of journalism. An ontology for journalism and intersecting ontologies can inform the design of new semantic learning systems. The Semantic CAT Method, which draws on participatory design and game design, also assists the conceptual design of synthetic players with emotion attributes, towards a meta-model for learning. The design of context-aware sensor systems to protect journalists in conflict zones is also discussed.

The backend of news as a juxtaposition of data and human costs

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-55
Author(s):  
Cate Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Semantic Code ◽  
Interactive Graphic ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Human Costs ◽  
Integrate Data ◽  
Media Cloud

Indexing and semantic code in news draw on a base of well-defined vocabulary from classification systems used by news editors for search tags, but journalism also uses leaked data, mobile metadata logs, and datasets for visualisations. The tagging systems in news, like NewsCode, are embedded in CMS and help to bind data for cross-referencing purposes. The defined concepts have an ontological base that relate to “news” and they are structured in hierarchical and logical ways. For many years social media tags were unstructured, but folksonomy approaches do not exclude semantic methods, and vice versa. Media cloud tools can also be used by journalists to generate lightly interactive graphic visualisations or to integrate data onto maps. However, data and metadata should also be used to develop new semantic systems to better protect journalists in conflict zones and to embed the values and ethics of journalism into algorithms for journalism training systems.

Game design and the Semantic CAT Method for journalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-149
Author(s):  
Cate Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Semantic Learning ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
Uml Diagrams

Future semantic learning systems for journalism should aim to integrate the values of the domain by using an ontological approach and a participatory design method like the Semantic CAT Method (Dowd). This method draws on game design and contextual approaches, as well as language structures. A focus on language and game design methods can work for semantic ends as well as modelling game-play. Ambiguity in design is also informative, but an ontology approach sorts language ambiguities, such as the same word with different connotations for journalism, social media, and public relations. It also helps to reveal domain characteristics that put journalism in a new light. The Trigger documents in the CAT Method include a focus on potential data and are scaffolded in participatory workshops. They include tasks for drawing and labelling typical scenarios in journalism, as well as UML diagrams for logic in processes, producing good results for an ontological base for journalism.

Decoding search and partnerships across news, journalism, and social media

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-106
Author(s):  
Cate Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Viral Video ◽  
News Agency ◽  
Cloud Servers

Semantic news tags processed via cloud servers are in amongst big data and machine learning systems. The latter may have influenced Murdoch’s acquisition of a ‘social media news agency’, and other partnerships, as a mix of new roles across journalism, analytics, and search emerged. Some editing roles in journalism focus on SEO, but Murdoch’s Storyful, which started as a verification business created jobs for cloud operations engineers, viral video editors, and trends editors. Data-mining techniques were a lure for news and social media partnerships circa 2013–2016. In the name of verification, access to big data was matched by social media gaining credibility, evident in Facebook Newswire and other journalism projects. Deep learning methods in search, referrals, and automated tagging have also produced mutual benefits, mostly via third party agreements. However, data sharing for political ends by targeting particular users, and verification projects, have not stopped fake news.

Smartphones and social media in reporting the asylum seeker crisis in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
Cate Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Asylum Seeker ◽  
Streaming Media ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Data Visualisation ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Short Video ◽  
International Rescue Committee

During the European asylum seeker crisis, circa 2015, asylum seekers used social media and smartphones for communication alongside journalists using disposable and short-form media, streaming media, and civilian drones for real-time stories that changed practices in journalism. Some journalists uploaded live video whilst others stitched together documentaries with short video clips. Google collaborated with the International Rescue Committee to develop an information site for essential services. A data visualisation developed by independent producers also showed the extent of the crisis. A former refugee, as well as media producers, used drones for aerial filming to help rescue people at sea, but as the crisis worsened, drones were used by authorities to stop people from crossing borders. The crisis also exposed journalists to trauma, even without working directly in conflict zones, revealed by the Dart Center for Journalism and Trauma, which plays an important role for the safety and protection of journalists.

The impacts of integrated media systems and social media in news

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
Cate Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Online News ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
Online Traffic ◽  
Cloud Servers ◽  
Integrated Media ◽  
Content Management Systems

Integrated media systems are not only content management systems for production and publishing of online news, they are also hubs for mobile connectivity to remote servers and conduits for search and social media, but verification and analytics have also spawned data jobs intersecting with journalism. These layers of technological convergence across social media and media systems are like tunnels to data sharing on cloud servers. The latter has also presented opportunities for intermediary agencies, like Storyful, owned by Murdoch, to access big data and the potential of linked data via social media. The potential of cloud servers, mixed with social media, has also spawned new roles for news verification and roles in online trends, as well as cloud engineering jobs. Big data has indeed inspired new data sharing partnerships to boost online traffic and advertising through data insights. The result is more analytics that impact on the focus in journalism.

DYNAMIC EXTRACTION AND ANALYTICS OF BIG DATA FROM CLOUD AND SOCIAL MEDIA INTEGRATED PLATFORMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3703-3711
Author(s):  
N. Oberoi ◽  
S. Sachdeva ◽  
P. Garg ◽  
R. Walia
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Dynamic Extraction

come_NET

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Aal ◽  
Anne Weibert ◽  
Kai Schubert ◽  
Mary-Ann Sprenger ◽  
Thomas Von Rekowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Neighborhood Contexts ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Computer Club ◽  
Close Cooperation

The case study presented in this chapter discusses the design and implementation of an online platform, “come_NET,” in the context of intercultural computer clubs in Germany. This tool was built in close cooperation with the children and adult computer club participants. It was designed to foster the sharing of ideas and experiences across distances, support collaboration, and make skills and expertise accessible to others in the local neighborhood contexts. In particular, the participatory-design process involving the children in the computer clubs fostered a profound understanding of the platform structure and functionalities. The study results show how younger children in particular were able to benefit, as the closed nature of the platform enabled them to gather experience as users of social media, but in a safe and controlled environment.

Citizens, Elites, and Social Media Methodological Challenges and Opportunities in the Study of Persuasion and Mobilization

2019 ◽  
pp. 1036-1058
Author(s):  
Philip Habel ◽  
Yannis Theocharis
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Media Data

In the last decade, big data, and social media in particular, have seen increased popularity among citizens, organizations, politicians, and other elites—which in turn has created new and promising avenues for scholars studying long-standing questions of communication flows and influence. Studies of social media play a prominent role in our evolving understanding of the supply and demand sides of the political process, including the novel strategies adopted by elites to persuade and mobilize publics, as well as the ways in which citizens react, interact with elites and others, and utilize platforms to persuade audiences. While recognizing some challenges, this chapter speaks to the myriad of opportunities that social media data afford for evaluating questions of mobilization and persuasion, ultimately bringing us closer to a more complete understanding Lasswell’s (1948) famous maxim: “who, says what, in which channel, to whom, [and] with what effect.”

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