Support and Skepticism Regarding Women’s Ordination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin R. Knoll and ◽  
Cammie Jo Bolin
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Women's Ordination ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender

This chapter focuses on why some people support women’s ordination while others oppose it. It takes a deep dive into face-to-face personal narrative interviews to uncover the common themes and patterns of explanations that people give to justify their positions. It uncovers a few key themes that are common to individuals in a variety of religious traditions, including scriptural authority, personal experiences, and gender stereotypes about the gifts and talents that men and women possess. It is striking that despite interviewees’ reasons for supporting or opposing women’s ordination, many indicated they would gladly change their position if their congregation changed its policy. Middle-aged and older women, however, seem to have the most difficulty overall accepting women as pastors.

The Normative Power of Images: Religion, Gender, Visuality

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Knauss ◽  
Daria Pezzoli-Olgiati
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One

In this introductory article to the special issue of Religion and Gender on gender, normativity and visuality, we establish the theoretical framework to discuss the influence of visual culture on gender norms. This introduction also provides a reflection on how these norms are communicated, reaffirmed and contested in religious contexts. We introduce the notion of visuality as individual and collective signifying practices, with a particular focus on how this regards gender norms. Two main ways in which religion, gender and normativity are negotiated in visual meaning making processes are outlined: on the one hand, the religious legitimation of gender norms and their communication and confirmation through visual material, and on the other hand, the challenge of these norms through the participation in visual culture by means of seeing and creating. These introductory reflections highlight the common concerns of the articles collected in this issue: the connection between the visualisation of gender roles within religious traditions and the influence of religious gender norms in other fields of (visual) culture.

Typical and Optimal Aging in Women and Men: Is There a Double Standard?

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Sara Canetto ◽  
Patricia L. Kaminski ◽  
Diane M. Felicio
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Optimal Aging ◽  
And Gender

Gender stereotypes of typical and optimal, mentally healthy aging were examined with sixty-year-old and seventy-five-year-old women, men and gender-unspecified older people as target persons. Respondents were young adult individuals ( N = 232) and their older adult relatives/acquaintances ( N = 233). Perceptions of typical aging varied depending on the age of the respondent, the target gender and the target age. Gender stereotypes were more pronounced than age stereotypes: respondents described same-gender targets more similarly than same-age targets. Older women were rated higher on dimensions related to nurturance while older men were rated higher on intellectual competence and autonomy. Perceptions of optimal aging were not found to be affected by the gender of the respondent or target. Views of optimal aging, however, were influenced by respondent and target age. These findings suggest a double standard of aging for typical but not for optimal aging.

Understanding the role of culture and gender stereotypes in women entrepreneurship through the lens of the stereotype threat theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwame Adom ◽  
Golda Anambane
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Women Entrepreneurship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Stereotype Threat Theory ◽  
Upper East Region ◽  
And Gender

Purpose This paper aims to explore the role of culture and gender stereotypes in the entrepreneurial journey of women entrepreneurs. It specifically focuses on women entrepreneurs in the Nabdam district of Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted the qualitative approach and collected data from 20 women entrepreneurs in the Nabdam district in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews which were analysed according to identified themes. Findings The key finding of the study is that culture, through gender stereotypes, acts as a “push” motivational factor of women entrepreneurship and breeds more necessity-driven women entrepreneurs than opportunity-driven ones. However, gender stereotyping is found to be a bane to entrepreneurial success of several women-owned enterprises. Due to gender stereotypes, countless women entrepreneurs are sceptical about venturing into “unknown sector” sectors not familiar and operating larger businesses that are likely to yield more profits. Originality/value Currently, there is less research on entrepreneurship and culture/gender stereotypes until now in Ghana, and this study seeks to bridge this gap. The results are discussed linking what is pertaining in other economic landscapes, thus avoiding just national perspectives. This is the first known study conducted in the study area that looks at entrepreneurship through the lens of culture-gender stereotypes.

Sport for women in later life.

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Toni Liechty ◽  
Stephanie West ◽  
Jill Juris ◽  
Julie Son ◽  
Jen D. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Women's Sport ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Historically, older women have faced constraints to participation in organized sport due, in part, to age and gender stereotypes, and a social discourse that later life is characterized by decline and frailty. Recent years have seen a small but growing increase in sport participation and interest among older women, which provides opportunities to foster health and well-being for this group. This chapter provides historical context for understanding women's sport in the USA and synthesizes the literature related to older women's participation in sport to include benefits, motivations, and societal implications. It discusses relevant theories and models that can aid scholars in understanding and studying women's sport in later life. Finally, it discusses implications for practice including the importance of facilitating sport participation for older women (in terms of public health and social justice), as well as recommendations for professionals who are seeking to facilitate effective and efficient programmes.

Secularisation of Religion as the Source of Religious Gender Stereotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-281
Author(s):  
Jadranka Rebeka Anić ◽  
Zilka Spahić Šiljak
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Studies ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Gender Egalitarianism ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Secular–religious dichotomy has been criticised in discourse on secularisation theory as well as in discussions of the relationship between secular and religious feminism. Feminist theorists have criticised the secular–religious divide of feminism for overlooking facts such as the inherent gendering of this dichotomy, the participation of women believers in the gender equality movement since its inception, and the contributions of feminist theologians and gender studies scholars who use their respective religious traditions as a basis for gender egalitarianism. This article will criticise secular–religious dichotomy for overlooking the fact that secular, rather than religious, principles underlie gender stereotypes. Namely, Christian and Islamic theological anthropology has accepted philosophical postulates regarding the nature of women and used them to build models of subordination and complementarity of gender relations, thereby neglecting the egalitarian anthropology that can be developed based on the holy scriptures of both traditions. One of the challenges in exploring the secular-religious dichotomy can be found in the anti-gender movement in which believers join secular organizations and use secular discourse to advocate and preserve gender stereotypes.

scholarly journals Personal Narrative: Caste Is My Period

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Deepthi Sukumar
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male Supremacy ◽  
Women In India

Abstract Deepthi Sukumar uses her personal experiences of menstruation as a Dalit woman to bring out the intersectionality of caste and gender in menstrual taboos. She explains the different cultural backgrounds of women in India and the patriarchal design of using menstrual taboos for male supremacy and caste hierarchy. While exploring and analyzing the different patterns of menstrual taboos and their implications, Sukumar shows the gaps in feminist understanding of the intersectionality of caste and patriarchy. She concludes by observing that the discourse on menstrual taboos should become the focal point to build inclusion and understand gender inequality and oppression within the framework of intersectionality.

scholarly journals “Don’t sit back with the geraniums, get out”: The complexity of older women’s stories of sport participation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Horton ◽  
Rylee A. Dionigi ◽  
Michael Gard ◽  
Joseph Baker ◽  
Patricia Weir
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Depth Interviews

Encouraging sport participation is one method governments have utilized in the attempt to facilitate a more active senior citizenry. To date, investigations of seniors’ participation in sport has focused primarily on physiological variables, with fewer investigations devoted to psychosocial outcomes or what playing sport means to the older person in the context of wider health promotion discourses. Our qualitative investigation consisted of in-depth interviews with women competing in the 2013 World Masters Games. Interviews were conducted with 16 women ranging from 70 to 86 years of age and data were analysed within a post-structural framework. Three main themes emerged from the analysis: Multi-faceted benefits, Overcoming barriers, and Social roles. There is unquestionably complexity inherent to older females’ sport participation, in that our participants held views that both challenged and perpetuated some of the most common aging and gender stereotypes. Our findings critically analyse health promotion trajectories as they relate to older women and sport.

scholarly journals “The Internal Police Officer Has Not Retired but Has Slowed Down”: Israeli Women Reframe Their Aging Experiences in the Second Half of Life

2022 ◽  
pp. 073346482110614
Author(s):  
Liat Ayalon ◽  
Shlomit Lir
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Shed Light

Compared with gains, losses have received a substantial amount of research and public attention. The present study aims to shed light on the positive gains associated with older age from the perspective of older women. Five focus groups with 19 Israeli women over the age of 54 were conducted. Trailers of three different films were used to stimulate discussion about old age and aging and allow for reflections on societal norms in light of personal experiences. Focus group interviews were analyzed thematically. Respondents identified four contexts, characterized by reframing their experiences against societal norms. These included gender stereotypes, physical appearance, interpersonal relations, and employment. This study represents an opening to a different discourse around old age, which is characterized by gains and possibilities brought about by changes in reframing one’s experiences, while distancing oneself and exerting free will vis à vis social norms.

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