Uyghur Terrorism in a Fractured Middle East

2018 ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Raffaello Pantucci
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
Current Wave ◽  
The World ◽  
Operational Impacts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Jihadist Terrorism ◽  
Islamic Party

This chapter explores the relationship between Uyghur terrorism and the current wave of Islamist-inspired terrorism roiling the Middle East. In particular, it tracks the evolution of the ideological and operational impacts of Middle Eastern jihadist terrorism on Uyghur terrorism. The chapter does so through an exploration of the historical links between Middle Eastern jihadis and Uyghurs and the links between Uyghur extremists, such as the “Turkestan Islamic Party” (TIP) and the current conflicts in Syria and Iraq. It argues that the current fractured Middle East has created an environment in which Uyghur militancy and jihadism has not only thrived but provided conditions for the strengthening of TIP’s connection to al Qaeda’s core. The chapter concludes that that the terrorist threat to China may escalate further due to the fact of growing footprint of Chinese nationals and interests around the world and Uyghur militants’ linkages across the global jihadist community.

Christians in and from the Middle East: Lessons from the World Christian Encyclopedia

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Deanna Ferree Womack
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Church History ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
Global Christianity ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Reality ◽  
The Relationship

This article considers the history and contemporary reality of Middle Eastern Christianity in light of new demographic information available from the World Christian Encyclopedia. For readers interested in church history and World Christianity, it identifies key lessons to be learned about Christians in and from the Middle East today. It focuses on understanding the region’s Christian diversity, the complexities of recent demographic decline, the relationship between Middle Eastern and global Christianity, and the interreligious realities of Christian life in the region.

The Kingdom of Jordan: The Eye of the Hurricane in a Turbulent Middle East

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. p65
Author(s):  
Sri Michael Das
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Eastern Oyster ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Jimmy Carter ◽  
Royal Family ◽  
World War ◽  
Hostage Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Anwar Sadat

The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, situated not only physically at the center of the world has also been the center of some of its most significant moments. These involved the Kingdom’s role in supporting peace between Israel and Egypt alongside former President and Humanitarian Jimmy Carter. Carter, demonized for his Southern style and failures in the Middle East, especially during the Iran Hostage Crisis, engineered one of its greatest diplomatic feats ever: Peace between ancient enemies, Israel and Egypt. Their long-standing vendetta which had real consequences for centuries nearly moved the modern world to the brink of World War 3. In stepped President Carter, Anwar Sadat, Menachem Begin and eventually, the Royal Family of Jordan and all that changed. In this paper I would like to explore the personalities, roles and conditions that brought them together, re-celebrate their achievements, and challenge the world to model their characters and repeat their successes. Once again or even still, Israel is the pearl in the Middle Eastern oyster, and a weary world is eager move on. It is my hope my research will give us an inkling where to begin a process that could once again prevent a Global Conflict.

“Don’t mention the war” – Middle Eastern careers in context

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 325-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ozbilgin ◽  
Geraldine Healy
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North American ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
European Context ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
The World ◽  
Western European ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Self

Mainstream work on careers tends to be situated within an individualistic paradigm and against a North American/Western European context (although frequently unacknowledged). This paper throws new conceptual and contextual insights on the career concept through its exploration of careers in the Middle East. It draws on articles included in two special issues on career development in the Middle East published in Career Development International, and demonstrates how careers are intertwined with history, politics, organisational practices and structures as well as the individual self. Importantly it identifies the interconnectedness of the Middle East with the rest of the world and how this impacts on individual careers. Through this regional lens, the complexity and diversity of the career concept is brought into sharp focus.

Sindbad's Ocean: Reframing the Market in the Middle East

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-757
Author(s):  
Johan Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Gulliver's Travels ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Markers ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean World

There are few figures as universally beloved and yet recognizably “Middle Eastern” as Sindbad. The text of Sindbad's seven voyages travel easily across continents and languages and many of the tales blur imperceptibly into those of Homer'sThe Odysseyand Swift'sGulliver's Travels. Yet this swashbuckling adventurer is also firmly situated in the world of Abbasid Iraqandthe Indian Ocean world. Sindbad is clearly identified as a good Muslim and respected Baghdadi merchant, and while fantastical, there are recognizable geographic and cultural markers that locate his voyages within the Indian Ocean world. This iconic character of Arab popular culture pushes us to contemplate how easily the Arab world flows into that of the Indian Ocean.

Counter-terrorism system in Poland: selected issues

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Trubalska
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Terrorist Threat ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
The World ◽  
Systematic Development

Abstract Today we are seeing a systematic development of terrorist organisations in the world. Social, economic and political problems in Africa and the Middle East, as well as religious fundamentalism generate threats of terrorism. If we consider in this context both Poland’s geopolitical situation, and involvement in stabilisation operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, those factors make our country a potential target for terrorist attacks. Although for years the level of terrorist threat in Poland is assessed as low, the risk analysis of this kind cannot be underestimated in the context of the analysis of internal security of the state. The main aim of this article is to answer the question whether there is an effective counter-terrorism system in Poland. This is done by attempting to capture the essence and demonstrating its unique features by analysing its individual components, i.e. regulations, entities forming the analysed system and relationships between the indicated elements.

Family Business in the Middle East: An Eexploratory Study of Retail Management in Kuwait and Lebanon

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne H. B. Welsh ◽  
Peter Raven
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Employee Perceptions ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Relationship

The Middle East is a growing, lucrative marketplace that has recently captured the interest of the world for political as well as economic reasons due to the War in Iraq, which began in 2003. This exploratory study examines the relationship between retail small/medium enterprises (SMEs) that are family business owned, organizational commitment, and management and employee perceptions of customer service on a number of dimensions. The results suggest that managers and employees of family-owned businesses in the Middle East behave in ways similar to those in Western countries; however, there are differences, probably related to cultural characteristics. The Middle East is a richly diverse region, a myriad of unique cultures. As the market becomes more sophisticated, the importance of service quality increases. Global retailers can benefit from this study by better understanding the managers and employees in the region and the pivotal role of the family on business. Implications for practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of leishmaniasis in Iran and the Middle East in the Last Two Decades

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossien Feiz Haddad ◽  
◽  
Abdolaziz Gharaei ◽  
Abdolaziz Gharaei ◽  
Mehry Sharify Nia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Leishmaniasis is one of the most forgotten diseases in the world affecting the poor people in large numbers. At present, 350 million people are at risk and 2 million new cases are reported annually, of which 1.5 million of them are cutaneous leishmaniasis and the rest are related to visceral leishmaniasis. The World Health Organization and Tropical Diseases Research (TDR) division ranks leishmaniasis in the first group of emerging and uncontrolled disease. Leishmaniasis appears in three form; Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), muco-Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (MCL) and Viceral Leishmaniasis (VL). More than 90% of cutaneous leishmaniasis are in Iran, Afghanistan, Nepal, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Peru. Viceral leishmaniasis in terms of geographical conditions divided into five different types; Indian Leishmaniasis, is human disease reservoir type and sand fly of Phlebotomus argenti is vector. African leishmaniasis or Sudanese leishmaniasis is second and common in Sudan and Kenya. Gerbils, otters, dogs and cats are reservoirs and the vector is Phlebotomus orientalis. Russian type is the third form and prevalent in Turkmenistan and the Caucasus (Soviet Union). Dogs and foxes are the main reservoirs and Phlebotomus archablensis is vector of the disease. The American type is the fourth form and infects American countries and dogs and jackals carry the disease and Phlebotomus intermedius are vectors of the disease. The fifth is Mediterranean Leishmaniasis also called Middle Eastern type which is common in the Middle East countries among people under the age of 10 and in Iran observe in the provinces of Khuzestan, Fars, Isfahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Ardabil and Khorasan.

scholarly journals Le Proche-Orient dans le système mondial

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Hentsch
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
World System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
The World ◽  
Directed Development ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Palestinian Question

The Middle East is generally perceived in the West, often in simplistic terms, as an area which is crucial to the West's economic and strategic interests. Given the complexity of this new « Eastern question », the Western perspective is important because it counts for a lot in determining the future of this region and in defining the position the Middle East holds in the world System. This dominant perspective has nonetheless the defect of putting on the back burner the interests of the peoples of the Middle East and the possibilities of a different scenario which corresponds less with the designs of the great powers today and more with the needs of the Middle Eastern countries. The present and future position of the Middle East in the world System should thus be examined from an internal viewpoint as much as from an external one. Seen from the outside, the region appears essentially as a pawn. From this perspective, the deterioration of the Palestinian question permits the great powers (particularly the United States) to keep the Arab governments divided and thus blocks the way to regional cooperation susceptible to putting the energy resources of the oil producers at the service of self-directed development in the region. Seen from the inside, however, this cooperation, beyond its economic advantages, has interesting social and cultural possibilities, It is thus a question of knowing which conditions would develop these possibilities. The question is important because, to a certain extent, the outcome of the Middle Eastern situation will serve as an example to the Third World as a whole to the extent that the Middle East develops a strategy for a new kind of development defined and carried out free from dependency on external powers. The precondition to this effort is clearly the formulation and effective maintenance of a common Arab position which is coherent and realistic on the Palestinian question ; inevitably this is central to all Middle Eastern policy.

Kefaya and the New Politics of Anti-Americanism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Shorbagy
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Alternative Mode ◽  
American Imperialism ◽  
New Politics ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
The World ◽  
The U.S

This essay examines the Kefaya movement in Egypt and what the author calls the new politics of anti-Americanism in Egypt. The essay provides some needed historical background to the era of George W. Bush’s politics and the U.S. hopes for an “Arab Spring.” The essay argues that there has long been a policy in Washington, D.C., toward the Middle East that is a vision and not just a policy, and that it preceded regime change in Iraq. The author argues, moreover, that the U.S. has long sought a Middle East devoid of any resistance to the United States and Israel, that the U.S. has colossally failed in the Middle East, and that this demonstrates the perils of ignoring the complex realities of that area of the world. This essay (drawing on open-ended interviews, statements, newspaper articles, reports, and unpublished documents) presents the Kefaya movement as an example of a Middle Eastern movement with transformative potential, at once a cross-ideological force and an alternative mode of resistance to American imperialism.

CONTEXTS, CONCEPTS AND CONTENTIONS: GENDER LEGISLATION AS POLITICS IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Hawwa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounira Charrad
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Political Matter

AbstractDebates over gender relevant legislation such as family law have led to serious conflict in many periods of Middle Eastern history, especially in recent times. One way to understand the intensity of the current debates is to recognize that gender issues raise fundamental questions about the relationship between individual and society and the role of states. In this article I argue that, in considering gender relevant legislation in the Middle East, we need to develop a framework that is different from the paradigms anchored in the politics of western liberal democracies in the U.S. and Western Europe. The frame of reference I propose is built upon the following propositions. (1) We should treat gender legislation in the Middle East as an inherently political matter that goes to the heart of the organization of power. Such a perspective opens up the possibility of considering the role of multiple and complex political processes including pressures from below by social movements and top down reforms. (2) We need to reformulate the concepts of tradition and modernity that have pervaded the study of gender in the Islamic world. Tradition and modernity as two distinct, well-defined cultural forms should be dropped altogether. Instead, the discourses of tradition and modernity should be taken as political constructs and the following question should be asked: who benefits from each discourse in given political contexts? (3) The role of kin-based solidarities should be considered in the nexus of conflicts and alliances that shape the process of state formation. The individualistic model of politics in western liberal democracies has limited value for the understanding of political processes in the historical development of the Middle East. The focus should be instead on the role of identities based in communities that define themselves in collective and ascriptive terms of common kinship.

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