Sleep in Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-92
Author(s):  
Louise M. O’Brien, PhD, MS ◽  
Galit L. Dunietz, MPH, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Fetal Origins ◽  
Maternal Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman. This chapter focuses on sleep quality and emergence of sleep disorders in pregnancy, which has implications for both the fetus as well as the mother. An overview of empirical evidence of the association between disturbed sleep in pregnancy and pregnancy-related outcomes is provided along with a ion of The chapter also reviews common sleep disturbances in pregnancy, such as sleep-disordered breathing, insufficient sleep, poor sleep quality, and restless legs syndrome, and synthesizes current knowledge of the impact of poor sleep on pregnancy outcomes, with a particular emphasis on fetal well-being. Evidence is also presented on the potential for maternal sleep to influence fetal origins of chronic disease.

Poor sleep quality is associated with perinatal depression. A systematic review of last decade scientific literature and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 689-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto González-Mesa ◽  
Celia Cuenca-Marín ◽  
María Suarez-Arana ◽  
Beatriz Tripiana-Serrano ◽  
Nadia Ibrahim-Díez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Perinatal Depression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although pregnancy is frequently associated with mental states of happiness, hope and well-being, some physical and psychological changes can contribute to increased sleep disturbances and worsened sleep quality. Sleep quality has been linked to negative emotions, anxiety and depression. The main objective of this paper was to systematically review the impact of sleep during pregnancy on maternal mood, studying the association between objective and subjective measures of sleep quality and perinatal depression. Methods We performed a systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, which included studies published between January 2008 and April 2019, and met the following criteria: (i) studies on pregnant women assessing the effects of sleep quality variables on perinatal mood disorders, (ii) studies published in English and (iii) full paper published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal with full-text format available. Results A total of 36 studies published in the last decade met the inclusion criteria for qualitative review and eight of them were suitable for meta-analysis. Both confirmed the negative effects of poor sleep on perinatal mood. However, qualitative analysis showed that unrepresentative samples and low participation rates falling below 80% biased some of the studies. The standard random-effects meta-analysis showed a pooled size effect [ln odds ratio (OR) 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19, 1.79)] for perinatal depression in cases of poor prenatal sleep quality, although heterogeneity was moderate to high [Q 16.05, P ≤ 0.025, H2 2.45 (95% CI 1.01, 13.70)]. Conclusion Poor sleep quality was associated with perinatal mood disturbances. The assessment of sleep quality along the pregnancy could be advisable with a view to offering preventative or therapeutic interventions when necessary.

scholarly journals The impact of sleep disturbances on care home residents with dementia: the SIESTA qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 839-847
Author(s):  
Lucy Webster ◽  
Kingsley Powell ◽  
Sergi G. Costafreda ◽  
Gill Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Topic Guide ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectives:Nearly 40% of care home residents who are living with dementia also have symptoms of disturbed sleep. However, the impact of these disturbances is relatively unknown and is needed to indicate whether interventions are warranted; therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact.Design:One-to-one semi-structured interviews.Settings:Four UK care homes.Participants:We interviewed 18 nurses and care assistants about residents with sleep disturbances.Measurements:We used a topic guide to explore staff experience of sleep disturbance in residents with dementia. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed and then analyzed thematically by two researchers independently.Results:Staff described that sleep disturbances in most, but not all, residents impacted negatively on the resident, other residents, staff, and relatives. Residents became more irritable or agitated if they had slept badly. They slept in the daytime after a bad night, which then increased their chances of being awake the following night. For some, being sleepy in the day led to falls, missing medication, drinks, and meals. Staff perceived hypnotics as having low efficacy, but increasing the risk of falls and drowsiness. Other residents were disturbed by noise, and staff described stress when several residents had sleep disturbance. Some of the strategies reported by staff to deal with sleep disturbances such as feeding or providing caffeinated tea at night might be counterproductive.Conclusions:Sleep disturbances in care home residents living with dementia negatively affect their physical and psychological well-being. These disturbances also disturb other residents and increase stress in staff.

scholarly journals The relationship between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index subscales and diabetes control

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onala Telford ◽  
Clarissa J Diamantidis ◽  
Hayden B Bosworth ◽  
Uptal D Patel ◽  
Clemontina A Davenport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Medication Nonadherence ◽  
Mediating Factor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives Data suggest that poor sleep quality as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) contributes to suboptimal diabetes control. How the subscales comprising the PSQI individually relate to diabetes control is poorly understood. Methods In order to explore how PSQI subscales relate to diabetes control, we analyzed baseline data from a trial of a telemedicine intervention for diabetes. We used multivariable modeling to examine: (1) the relationship between the global PSQI and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c); (2) the relationships between the 7 PSQI subscales and HbA1c; and (3) medication nonadherence as a possible mediating factor. Results Global PSQI was not associated with HbA1c ( n = 279). Only one PSQI subscale, sleep disturbances, was associated with HbA1c after covariate adjustment; HbA1c increased by 0.4 points for each additional sleep disturbances subscale point (95%CI 0.1 to 0.8). Although the sleep disturbances subscale was associated with medication nonadherence (OR 2.04, 95%CI 1.27 to 3.30), a mediation analysis indicated nonadherence does not mediate the sleep disturbances-HbA1c relationship. Discussion The sleep disturbances subscale may drive the previously observed relationship between PSQI and HbA1c. The mechanism for the relationship between sleep disturbances and HbA1c remains unclear, as does the impact on HbA1c of addressing sleep disturbances.

380 The role of self-esteem and sleep on inflammatory markers in young adults

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A151-A151
Author(s):  
Emily Squyres ◽  
Danica Slavish ◽  
Jennifer Graham-Engeland
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Abstract Introduction Disturbed sleep is common among young adults and is associated with poorer health and developmental outcomes. A large percentage of young adults also struggle with low self-esteem. Together, disturbed sleep and low self-esteem may deplete coping resources, heighten to reactivity to stress, and increase disease risk. Yet no studies to our knowledge have examined interactions between self-esteem and sleep on biomarkers of health among young adults. Methods To address this gap, we investigated associations between sleep quality, self-esteem, and two inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in a sample of 60 young adults (mean age 25.3 ± 4.0 years old, 53% female, 83% White). Participants completed a baseline survey to assess self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Questionnaire) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] sleep quality item), followed by 14 days of self-reported sleep disturbances each morning (PROMISTM sleep disturbances short-form; averaged across the 14 days). A plasma blood draw was then collected to assess CRP and IL-6 approximately one week after the end of the daily portion. Results Lower self-esteem (b = -0.04, 95%CI [-0.06,-0.01], p = 0.015) and lower sleep quality were each associated with higher CRP (b = -0.34, 95%CI [-0.62, -0.07], p = 0.015), but not IL-6. Greater daily sleep disturbances were marginally associated with higher CRP (b = 0.37, 95%CI [-0.06,-0.79], p = 0.088]. Interactions between self-esteem and either sleep quality or sleep disturbances did not predict CRP or IL-6. Conclusion Our results suggest low self-esteem and poorer sleep are each associated with higher levels of inflammation but may not interact to exacerbate risk. It is possible low self-esteem and poor sleep each lead to negative emotions or engagement in risky behaviors (e.g., substance use, sedentary behavior) that impact levels of inflammatory markers. Overall, our results highlight the importance of assessing both sleep and personality traits in relation to biomarkers of health among young adults. Support (if any) American Psychological Association Dissertation Research Award

scholarly journals Low sleep and diet quality impact on well-being among Mexican college students

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Zeron-Rugerio ◽  
Ana Eugenia Ortega-Regules ◽  
Maria Armida Patricia Porras-Loaiza ◽  
Giovana Longo-Silva ◽  
Trinitat Cambras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding health behaviors, such as sleep and dietary patterns, is important for health promotion and disease prevention. College period is a complicated, difficult time to maintain healthy behaviors. In this regard, little is known about the impact of sleep and diet quality on well-being among college young adults. Hence, we aimed to study the impact of sleep and diet quality on well-being in college students.Materials and MethodsThree hundred-twelve Mexican college students (82% females; 20.6 ± 3.4years) were included in a cross-sectional study. Participants completed the following validated questionnaires: Well-being Index to assess well-being (high scores indicate high well-being), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality (scores > 5 indicate poor sleep quality), and a validate version of the Health Eating Index for Mexican population to assess diet quality (scores > 80 indicate good diet quality). BMI and physical activity were also assessed. Scores were treated as continuous variables, and statistical analysis were performed using SPSS v24 and adjusted for confounding variables.ResultsSixty-seven percent of our population showed a poor sleep quality and eighty-four percent needs to make changes in their diet in order to improve its quality. On the other hand, fifty-one percent of the studied population had a low well-being perception. Poor sleep quality (p < 0.001) and low diet quality (p < 0.001) associated with a lower well-being perception. In addition, poor sleep quality is associated with low diet quality (p < 0.05). Regarding food consumption, higher sweets (p < 0.001) and soft-drink (p < 0.001) intake was inversely associated with well-being scores. Likewise, high consumption of sweets (p < 0.05) and soft-drink (p < 0.05), and low fruit (p < 0.05) and cereal (p < 0.05) consumption are linked to poor sleep quality.DiscussionOur results show that half of the studied population had a low well-being, and also that poor sleep and diet quality are frequent among college students. Interestingly, the fact that poor sleep and diet quality were associated to a lower perception of well-being highlights the importance of promoting sleep hygiene and diet quality among college students as an important strategy to improve well-being and health, even in young adults. In addition, we found that higher sweets and soft-drink consumption were associated to both low well-being perception and poor sleep quality. Hence, it is important to promote healthy habits regarding eating and sleeping well, in order to improve well-being perception among college students.

scholarly journals 221 Social Integration and Sleep Quality during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospective Evidence from a Study of Retired Older Adults

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A88-A89
Author(s):  
Brian Chin ◽  
Eunjin Tracy ◽  
H Matthew Lehrer ◽  
Lucas Carroll ◽  
Precious Lacey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Growing evidence has documented the adverse impact of the global coronavirus pandemic on sleep quality. Older adults may be especially susceptible to declines in sleep quality for multiple reasons, including their elevated risk of social isolation and loneliness during the pandemic. Given the adverse health consequences of poor sleep, there is a need to identify resilience factors that help protect older adults against decreased sleep quality. Social integration is a plausible resilience factor because involvement in a broad range of social relationships is thought to promote psychological well-being (e.g., meaning, purpose in life), as well as reduce the intensity and duration of negative psychological states. Social integration may also assume increased importance during the coronavirus pandemic because of normative declines in overall social contact. This prospective study assessed the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on older adults’ sleep quality and tested whether social integration moderated the impact of the pandemic on sleep quality. Methods A sample of 115 retired older adults (mean age = 68.6, 58% female, 89% white) completed self-report assessments of their social integration (number of roles on Cohen’s Social Network Index) and sleep quality (global score on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) before and after the onset of the coronavirus pandemic (mean duration of follow-up = 2.3 years). Results Multilevel analyses indicated that social integration moderated the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on sleep quality; there was no main effect of time. Older adults with low social integration had reduced sleep quality from Time 1 to Time 2 (b=.94, p=.02), whereas older adults with high social integration showed no changes in sleep quality over time (b=-.38, p=.37). Conclusion Broader social networks confer resilience against pandemic-related declines in sleep quality among older adults. The level of social integration should be addressed when studying or treating sleep complaints during the coronavirus pandemic. Additional research is warranted to determine whether psychosocial interventions targeted towards older adults with low social integration can reduce observed differences in sleep quality. Support (if any) This research was supported by R01AG047139, T32HL007560, T32HL082610, T32MH019986.

Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality among migraineurs: A population-based study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 855-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Jin Song ◽  
Chang-Ho Yun ◽  
Soo-Jin Cho ◽  
Won-Joo Kim ◽  
Kwang Ik Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Headache Frequency ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
The Impact

Background Sleep disturbances are closely related to migraine. Nevertheless, information regarding the impact of short sleep duration and poor sleep quality on the clinical presentation of migraine at population level is limited. Methods This study was a nationwide population-based survey on adults aged 19–69 years. Headache frequency (attacks/month) and intensity (visual analogue scale, 0–10) were documented. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality were defined as average sleep duration <6 h/day and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score >5, respectively. The association of sleep parameters with headache frequency and intensity was analysed among migraineurs. Results Of 2695 participants, 143 (5.3%) had migraine. Headache frequency was significantly higher among migraineurs with short sleep duration (2.0 [1.0–12.0] vs. 1.0 [0.3–4.0], p = 0.048) and poor sleep quality (2.0 [0.6–4.7] vs. 1.0 [0.2–3.0], p = 0.009) than among those without. However, headache intensity was similar between migraineurs with short sleep duration and poor sleep quality. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that short sleep duration was a significant contributing factor for headache frequency (β = 0.210, p = 0.015). Conclusions Self-reported short sleep duration (<6 h per day) is associated with an increased headache frequency among migraineurs in a population-based setting.

scholarly journals Sleeping under the waves: a longitudinal study across the contagion peaks of COVID-19 pandemic in Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Salfi ◽  
Aurora D’Atri ◽  
Daniela Tempesta ◽  
Michele Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms ◽  
Risk Categories

AbstractAfter the March–April 2020 COVID-19 outbreak, a second contagion wave afflicted Europe in autumn. This study aimed to evaluate sleep health/patterns of Italians during this further challenging situation.A total of 2013 Italians longitudinally participated in a web-based survey during the two contagion peaks of the COVID-19 outbreak. We investigated the risk factors for sleep disturbances during the second wave, and we compared sleep quality and psychological well-being between the two assessments (March–April and November–December 2020). Female gender, low education, evening chronotype, being at high-risk for COVID-19 infection, reporting negative social or economic impact, and evening smartphone overuse predicted a higher risk of poor sleep and insomnia symptoms during the second wave. Advanced age, living with high-risk subjects for COVID-19 infection, and having a relative/friend infected with COVID-19 before the prior two weeks were risk categories for poor sleep quality. Living with children, having contracted COVID-19 before the prior two weeks, being pessimistic on the vaccine, and working in healthcare were risk factors for insomnia symptoms. The follow-up assessment highlighted reduced insomnia symptoms and anxiety. Nevertheless, we showed reduced sleep duration, higher daytime dysfunction and sleep medication use, and advanced sleep phase, confirming the alarming prevalence of poor sleepers (∼60%) and severe depression (∼20%) in a context of increased perceived stress.This study demonstrated a persistent impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep and mental health. Large-scale interventions to counteract the chronicity and exacerbation of sleep and psychological disturbances are necessary, especially for the risk categories.

The impact of chemotherapy on sleep quality in women undergoing cytotoxic treatment for breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23077-e23077
Author(s):  
Evelyn Cantillo ◽  
Lindsay Beffa ◽  
Christine Luis ◽  
Christina Raker ◽  
Katina Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Cytotoxic Treatment ◽  
The Impact

e23077 Background: To determine changes in sleep quality among women with breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer during chemotherapy and to assess the impact of sleep quality on quality of life (QOL). Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed at The Program in Women’s Oncology among chemotherapy naïve women diagnosed with breast, ovarian, or endometrial cancer scheduled to begin treatment. Ovarian and endometrial patients were combined into one group (Gyn) for analysis. Two validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT), which measure sleep quality and QOL, respectively, were administered prior to-, halfway through-, completion of-, and 6 months after chemotherapy completion. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize baseline characteristics. Categorical variables were compared by Chi-square (χ2) test and continuous variables by T-test. The PSQI and FACT scores were analyzed by linear or logistic regression with GEEs. Results: Of the 99 women enrolled, 27 had ovarian, 23 had endometrial, and 49 had breast cancer. 97 were included in the analysis. The breast cohort was younger than their Gyn counterparts: 50 vs. 62, (p < .001), and more likely to identify as Hispanic (p = .012). 56% of women endorsed poor sleep quality at baseline. By mid-treatment, both cohorts reported a significant reduction in sleep quality (p = .008) and QOL (p = .0003) that did not persist at end of- or 6 months post-treatment. Increased need for sleep medications (p = .012) and reduction in sleep efficiency (p = .002) were identified mid-treatment. No significant changes in PSQI or FACT-G were seen by end of treatment. At 6 months post treatment, less Gyn patients reported poor sleep quality when compared to baseline (46 vs 53%) while experiencing a significant improvement in QOL (p = .03). Poor sleep quality was correlated with worse QOL at all time points (p < .001). Conclusions: There is a sparsity of research on sleep disturbances in gynecologic malignancies. In this study, three quarters of all women reported poor sleep quality by mid-treatment with concomitant decrease in QOL. Poor sleep was reported by nearly 50% of women at all other time points. Larger studies need to be done to further define the problem and identify areas suitable for interventions.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between sleep quality, emotional well-being and aggression levels in a European sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Freitag ◽  
Jane L. Ireland ◽  
Isabella J.M. Niesten
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Sleep deprivation is well known to negatively affect mood, cognition and behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between sleep quantity, subjective sleep quality and aggression, hostility and well-being levels among adults in a non-clinical population. Design/methodology/approach In total, 201 participants aged 18 and above from Germany, UK and the Netherlands completed an online survey consisting of a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index along with measures of psychological well-being, implicit and explicit aggression, and intent attributions. Findings Sleep disturbances were related to decreased levels of psychological well-being. Subjective poor sleep quality predicted increased hostile attributions. The overall sleep experience, however, was not associated with aggression levels. Nevertheless, both a poor sleep experience and low sleep quality were related to increased reactive aggression, but only in British participants. Practical implications The importance of perceived sleep quality rather than sleep quantity in predicting hostile and aggressive behaviours is indicated. The quality of sleep and perception of this quality should be the focus of clinical intervention to limit unwanted behavioural impacts. The importance of accounting for sleep quality perception in intervention that examines attributional biases such as hostility is indicated. Differences across countries should be identified and accommodated for in intervention. Originality/value This is the first study to consider a role for sleep quality (including perception) and sleep quantity in relation to aggression and hostility in a cross-country European sample.

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