scholarly journals Human Rights: Moral or Political?

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Main Text ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dual Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Philosophical Questions

This volume explores philosophical questions raised by the dual status of human rights as moral rights, on the one hand, and legally, politically, and historically practised rights, on the other. Its topics include: the relevance of the history of human rights to their philosophical comprehension (Part I); the “Orthodox–Political” debate (II); how to properly understand the relationship between human rights morality and law (III); how to balance the normative character of human rights—their description of an ideal world—with the requirement that they be feasible in the here and now (IV); the role of human rights in a world shaped by politics and power (V); and how to reconcile the individualistic and communitarian aspects of human rights (VI). All chapters are accompanied by critical commentaries. And the volume includes a comprehensive introduction, which provides readers with a concise overview of the arguments in the main text.

scholarly journals The image of a woman in the traditional Kazakh worldview

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulzhihan Nurysheva ◽  
Banu Kaldayeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
Short Time ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the image of a woman in the traditional worldview of the Kazakh people. Traditional worldviews that are divided into historical types and the evolution of ideas and trends associated with the problem of women which took place at these stages are being studied. It is important to consider the problem of women in the context of the traditional worldview. This is due to the fact that trends and stereotypes about the social role of gender are formed on the basis of deeply rooted ideas that are traditionally passed down from generation to generation. These concepts have evolved over a long history of society and have different aspects: historical, social, economic, political, cultural, religious. Since the central core of all this is the worldview of people, it is important to analyze the image of a woman in the traditional worldview. This allows us to understand the evolutionary path of society's understanding of women's problems and its foundations. To preserve one's identity in the context of today's globalization, it is necessary to study the traditional system of values of the Kazakh people, the evolution of the system of ideas about the place and role of men and women in society, the historical experience of the people in relation to gender relations. In today's world, the globalization of culture and the national renaissance go hand in hand. In the culture of the 21st century, on the one hand, a common world culture of the whole planet is being formed, on the other hand, there is a growing interest in the cultural diversity of each nation and its development. The relationship between cultural heritage and modern culture is clearly reflected in the relationship between tradition and modernity in the image of today's Kazakh woman. Any culture is not established by force in a short time, the factors that regulate the culture of the people are formed over the centuries. Therefore, it is important to systematize the image of the Kazakh woman in modern culture, starting from the analysis of the image of mother in Kazakh mythology, motherhood in the Kazakh genealogy, the image of women in the heroic songs, as well as the image of women in the works of poets. Keywords: image of a woman, traditional Kazakh worldview, essence of a woman, “the concept of a Kazakh woman”, folklore.

scholarly journals Urbanologia: ku odbudowie tradycyjnego miasta europejskiego — szkic krytyczny

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 157-177
Author(s):  
Łukasz Medeksza
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Living Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medieval Model ◽  
The Middle Ages

Urbanology: Towards a Revivalof the Traditional European Town“Urbanology” — the term used in the title of the book Towards urbanology by the architect Stanisław Lose from Wrocław — refers to his idea of “afield of knowledge whose main subject is aman in an urbanised world”. Therefore urbanology is opposed to urbanistics, which — according to Lose — is more interested in economy, transportation or spatial planning than in people. The author of Towards urbanology strongly appreciates the medieval model of town — and its more freedom-oriented, and creativity-oriented, continuation in later ages. The author is also very impressed by the historical role of christianity as the cultural integrator of urban societies. But Lose’s book is only apretext for briefly describing the contemporary history of the traditionalist current in urbanism and enthusiastic opinions about the Middle Ages expressed by such different authors as René Guénon, Peter Kropotkin or G.K. Chesterton. Nowadays the so-called neomedivalism tries to interpret the current cultural, political and administrative diversity of Europe as anew version of the multi-level and polycentric order associated with the Middle Ages. But neomedievalism and urbanistic traditionalism raise some questions — for example those about the limits of being inspired by the Middle Ages, about the economy of the neomedieval model of town or about the relationship between the notion of the so-called living tradition in urbanism and architecture on the one hand — and historical styles on the other.

Challenging the Curious Erasure of Religion from the Study of Religious Terrorism

Numen ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 141-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorne L. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Recent Article ◽  
The Other ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Violence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Religious Terrorism

Abstract The role that religion plays in the motivation of “religious terrorism” is the subject of much ongoing dispute, even in the case of jihadist groups. Some scholars, for differing reasons, deny that it has any role; others acknowledge the religious character of jihadism in particular, but subtly discount the role of religion, while favoring other explanations for this form of terrorism. Extending an argument begun elsewhere (Dawson 2014, 2017), this article delineates and criticizes the influence of a normative religious bias, on the one hand, and a normative secular bias, on the other hand, on scholarship addressing the relationship between religiosity and terrorism. I examine two illustrative studies to demonstrate the complexity of the conceptual issues at stake: Karen Armstrong’s best-selling book Fields of Blood: Religion and the History of Violence (2014) and a recent article by Bart Schuurman and John G. Horgan on the rationales for terrorist violence in homegrown jihadist groups (2016).

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
The One ◽  
Modes Of Existence

The introduction explains the main thematic preoccupations of the volume, starting principally with the observation that human rights have various “natures” or modes of existence: Human rights (plausibly) exist as moral rights, on the one hand, but also as socially, politically, and legally practised rights, on the other. The introduction uses this observation to pick out some of the sources of the Orthodox–Political debate, and to explain the broader variety of topics covered in the volume itself. The final sections of the introduction offer a comprehensive summary and analysis of the main arguments in the book.

scholarly journals Narrative Ethics and the Ecology of Culture: Notes on New Italian-Icelandic Sagas

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Casado da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Narrative Ethics ◽  
Human Creativity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The following are a few loose notes about a tough subject: the relationship between ethics, storytelling and the legal-cum-social framework that makes human creativity thrive or decay. Rather than a tight argument, what I propose here is a few, unoriginal hints, in the hope that they may help others to pursue a fuller answer to the question, On what depends the preservation of transmission of a culture? Using some thoughts by A. MacIntyre and some examples taken from the history of Icelandic literature, I emphasize the role of alternative ways of understanding intellectual property, as well as some contemporary experiments in mythopoiesis, such as the one by the Italian collective of writers-activists known as Wu Ming.

scholarly journals The Word „master/Master” Sounds Strange…

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-178
Author(s):  
Iwona Kabzińska
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Early Age ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ways Of Being

The author avoids using the term master/Master, instead referring to the concept of a Teacher when describing the people who played a significant role in her life and who are the main protagonists of this article. These people are the Professors Anna Kutrzeba-Pojnarowa and Witold Dynowski, ethnologists, excellent lecturers and researchers; and also people full of passion, respect for the achievements of other scholars, fascinated with the history of the discipline they represent and the interrelation of “macro” and “micro” history. First and foremost, they are great PEOPLE. Reminiscing about encounters with them, the author presents the model relationship between a teacher and a pupil, close to her, which is not limited to passing knowledge. The relationship is based on kindness, openness to others, and motivating them to overcome their limitations, fears and difficulties. The skills of noticing the potential of others, encouraging them to develop, acceptance, keeping one’s spirits up, support and co-existence should also be mentioned. Another person who also played the role of Teacher, although she has never been designated as such by the author, is her Grandmother Janina Orzechowska. She was the one who shaped the author’s attitudes to life, her way of looking at other people, her passions and ways of being. She was the person whose selfless love expressed by her behavior, gestures and looks accompanied the author from an early age. The motif of the relationship is very explicit in the text. The author emphasizes that relationships are not always joyful and constructive. Sometimes they clip one’s wings, they hurt and take away the light. Relationships which are beautiful in the beginning can also change under the influence of an illness, of one person affecting the others. The author describes changes like that via the example of the relationship with someone who appears in the text as the anonymous Teacher. It was a person from whom the author received a bitter lesson in life, far from fairy tales with a happy end.

scholarly journals The role of global NGOs advocating for human rights in world politics (on the example of the organization “Human Rights Watch”)

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Alexander Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cold War

The object of this research is an international organization “Human Rights Watch” that conducts and advocacy on human rights. The subject of this research is the activity of this international non-governmental organization since its establishment until 2020. The author examines such aspects of the topic as the history of creation of “Human Rights Watch”, the nature of its activity during the Cold War, the evolution of approaches towards the core issues in the area of human rights protection during the post-bipolar period; as well as analyzes the current campaigns of this international NGO. The methodological framework is comprised of the systemic, structural-functional, comparative-political approaches, methods of historicism, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, and observation. For the first time in Russian historiography, leaning on the primary sources and relevant scientific literature, the role of international non-governmental organization advocating for human rights “Human Rights Watch” is analyzes within the system of global governance since its foundation until the present. In conclusion, the author indicates a sizable contribution of the organization “Human Rights Watch” alongside other NGOs advocating for human rights in solution of global issues; however notes that these actors of world politics as not utterly unbiased and neutral organizations. On the one hand, namely due to the activity of such organizations, the problem of the supremacy of law,  universal human rights and freedoms became one of the key concepts of international relations at the turn of centuries; but on the other hand, they are rightly criticized for prejudice, political bias, and double standards.

scholarly journals Uwagi etymologiczne w dawnych tekstach użytkowych (na przykładzie Kroniki, to jest historyi świata Marcina Bielskiego, Informacyi matematycznej Wojciecha Bystrzonowskiego i Nowych Aten Benedykta Chmielowskiego)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Dorota Kozaryn ◽  
Agnieszka Szczaus
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Entire World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of the analysis in the article are the etymological explanations presented in the old non-literary texts (i.e. the texts that function primarily outside literature, serving various practical purposes), i.e. in the sixteenth-century Kronika, to jest historyja świata (Chronicle, that is the history of the entire world) by Marcin Bielski and in two eighteenth-century encyclopaedic texts: Informacyja matematyczna (Mathematical information) by Wojciech Bystrzonowski and Nowe Ateny (New Athens) by Benedykt Chmielowski. The review of the etymological comments allows us to take notice of their considerable substantive and formal diversity. These comments apply to both native and foreign vocabulary. On the one hand, they provide information on the origin of proper names (toponyms and anthroponyms), and on the other hand, a whole range of these etymological comments concern common names. A depth of etymological comments presented in non-literary texts is significantly diversified and independent of the nature of the vocabulary to which these comments apply – they can be merely tips on sources of borrowings of foreign words, but they can also constitute a deeper analysis of the meaning and structure of individual words, both native and foreign. These comments are usually implementations of folk etymology. The role of etymological considerations in former non-literary texts is significant. First of all, these texts have a ludic function, typical of popularised texts – they are supposed to surprise, intrigue and entertain readers. Secondly, they serve a cognitive function typical of non-literary texts – they are supposed to expand the readers’ knowledge about the world and language. Thirdly, they have a persuasive function, which is a distinctive feature of both popularised and non-literary texts – they are supposed to provoke the readers’ thoughts on the relationship between non-linguistic reality and the linguistic way of its interpretation, they also stimulate linguistic interests, which was particularly important in the past when the reflection on the native language was poor.

Misreading Egypt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Experimental Film ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Technologies

The first chapter of Hieroglyphic Modernisms exposes the complex history of Western misconceptions of Egyptian writing from antiquity to the present. Hieroglyphs bridge the gap between modern technologies and the ancient past, looking forward to the rise of new media and backward to the dispersal of languages in the mythical moment of the Tower of Babel. The contradictory ways in which hieroglyphs were interpreted in the West come to shape the differing ways that modernist writers and filmmakers understood the relationship between writing, film, and other new media. On the one hand, poets like Ezra Pound and film theorists like Vachel Lindsay and Sergei Eisenstein use the visual languages of China and of Egypt as a more primal or direct alternative to written words. But Freud, Proust, and the later Eisenstein conversely emphasize the phonetic qualities of Egyptian writing, its similarity to alphabetical scripts. The chapter concludes by arguing that even avant-garde invocations of hieroglyphics depend on narrative form through an examination of Hollis Frampton’s experimental film Zorns Lemma.

NURTURING OF CHILDREN THROUGH DRAMA AND THEATRE: THE CASE OF INTWASA KOBULAWAYO PERFORMANCES

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-99
Author(s):  
Vimbai Moreblessing Matiza
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Theatrical Performances ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

Dramatic and theatrical performances have a long history of being used as tools to enhance development in children and youth. In pre-colonial times there were some forms of drama and theatre used by different communities in the socialisation of children. It is in the same vein that this article, through the Intwasa koBulawayo performances, seeks to evaluate how drama and theatre are used to nurture children and youth into different developmental facets of their lives. The only difference which this article will take into cognisance is that the performances are done in a different environment, which is not the one used in the pre-colonial times. Although these performances were like this, the most important factor is the idea that children and youth are socialised through these performances. It is also against this backdrop that children and youth are growing up in a globalised environment, hence the performances should accommodate people from all walks of life and teach them relevant issues pertaining to life as they live it now. Thus the main task of the article is to spell out the role of drama and theatre in the nurturing of children and youth through socio economic and political development in Intwasa koBulawayo festivals.

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