Mapping Thoughts to Words

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Barbara C. Malt
Keyword(s):  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Word Meanings ◽  
The World

Languages differ in how they apply labels to aspects of human experience. Because the world-to-word mapping is, in part, language-specific, monolingual children cannot rely entirely on pre-existing conceptualization of a domain to bootstrap their way into the word meanings of their language. For people exposed to two languages from birth or acquiring a second after a first, the challenge is increased by the fact that they must contend with two different languages’ mappings from the world to words. This chapter first considers how and why languages come to differ in the meanings encoded by the words of a domain. It then addresses the problem of acquisition for learners of one and two languages and considers how exposure to each language may influence the use of the other. It also considers where miscommunications may arise between speakers and why such miscommunications are not more common.

scholarly journals Universální život a život lidský. K ontologii přírody u Jana Patočky a Maurice Merleau-Pontyho

REFLEXE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (60) ◽  
pp. 29-63
Author(s):  
Martin Rabas
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The present article has two objectives. One is to elucidate the philosophical approach presented in the so-called Strahov Systematic Manuscripts of Jan Patočka in terms of consciousness and nature. The other is to compare this philosophical approach with Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s theses on nature, as elaborated in 1956–1961, and to point out some advantages and limitations of both approaches. In our opinion, Patočka’s philosophical approach consists, on the one hand, in a descriptive analysis of human experience, which he understands as a pre-reflective self-relationship pointing towards the consciousness of the world. On the other hand, on the basis of this descriptive analysis Patočka consequently explicates all non-human life, inorganic matter, and finally the whole of nature as life in its own right, the essence of which is also a certain self-relation with a tendency towards consciousness. The article then briefly presents Merleau-Ponty’s theses on nature, and finally compares them with Patočka’s overall theses on nature. The advantage of Patočka’s notion of nature as against Merleau-Ponty’s is that, in Patočka’s view, nature encompasses both the principle of unity and individuality. On the other hand, the advantage of Merleau-Ponty’s understanding of nature as against Patočka’s lies in the consistent interconnectedness of the infinite life of nature and the finite life of individual beings.

Transmythologies

2018 ◽  
pp. 293-315
Author(s):  
Maria Voyatzaki
Keyword(s):  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Territorial Disputes ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Material ◽  
Polluted Waters ◽  
Strong Claim

Maria Voyatzaki begins by dwelling on the question: if technical, material objects are inorganic, organised beings, possessing their own dynamics that give to matter the hallmark of vital activity with a strong claim on human experience, behaviour and perception, then what is happening with architecture? The chapter elaborates on the new speculative, but not dogmatic, axioms and mythologies that are expressed with machinic parrhesia; the world, and therefore architecture, become a challenging project. Digitising the analogue, once again, but, this time, with aspirations towards a new earth, the returning Gaia, by experimenting with its dust we can construct new perspectives on matter. It is experimentation with the ‛other’, the ‛xenon’ that aims at proposing a new way of forming an innovative view on earth by redefining its geopolitics and territorial disputes from polluted waters that travel through nations to micro particles in the air. Architecture is working on ‛xenomateriality’ to define new polities, new spatiotemporal assemblages with specific demands.

scholarly journals The Feminine, The Poetic, And The Sacred In BPNichol's The Martyrology And Journal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Androsova
Keyword(s):  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Poetic Practice ◽  
Mode Of Being ◽  
A Site

My goal is not to analyse the sacred – to analyse it is to kill it. The objective is only to explore different ways of approaching the sacred through looking deeply at the nature of poetic language. In our contemporary society, the sacred is the other. And so is the feminine. Our culture often rejects these modes of experience, but poetic practice gives them both a time and a space. My overall argument is that poetic practice creates an approach, a site and a possibility for the sacred to manifest itself phenomenologically by breaking through from the other realm into human experience. Poetic practice holds an intention, creates a direction, a dimension, a state that can approach the experience of the sacred and honour it, be open to it, invite it and allow the subject to suspend the habitual control and instead adopt a surrender mode. Thus, poetic practice itself becomes a sacred activity that teaches us about different kinds of knowledge, experience and insight and invites us to experience a different mode of being in the world, in language, with ourselves, and with each other. Instead of detachment and alienation that permeate our culture, instead of separation from and the resulting objectification of nature, poetic consciousness offers us a more primal mode of being that pre-modern man used to call sacred.

scholarly journals The Mental Time Traveller: Considering the Future Consequences of Present Day Behaviours

2015 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Lisa Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Future Consequences

Time cannot be outwardly intuited. These are the words of Immanuel Kant, an 18th century philosopher renowned for his contemplations of the fundamental concepts underlying the entire human experience. Central to Kant’s reasoning is the concept of subjective time, the idea that time is not only an entity to be quantified in the physical sciences, but a subjective experience which can differ across each person, rooting the individual in his or her own mental reality. We all have unique experiences of time. Two individuals can attend the same event, a concert or a party perhaps, and for one of them, time can move extremely quickly, but for the other it can drag on for what seems like an eternity. Time flies when we are having fun and enjoying ourselves, yet feels endless when we are bored or afraid. It is the lens through which we view and experience the world ...

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the Religious Paradigm in the Modern Globalized World

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Oleh SOKOLOVSKYI ◽  
Andrii KOBETIAK ◽  
Maksym MELNYCHUK ◽  
Oksana CHAPLINSKA
Keyword(s):  
Religious Identity ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Foundations ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
The World ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
Globalized World

The article analyzes the process of rethinking the inherited content of human experience, established views on philosophy and religion as ideological phenomena, which are inherent in the creation and transmission of the integrity of the picture of the world. Such integrity is accomplished under the conditions of preservation of each work and the pursuit of philosophical thought. It is established that the secularization and eclecticism of religious consciousness against the background of globalization processes determine the transformation of the modern religious paradigm. This is expressed, on the one hand, in the need for religion to acquire adaptability to crisis phenomena and in the need for special flexibility in conditions of instability and adequate perception of external variability of socio-cultural, natural and technical systems. On the other hand, in its renewed religion seeks to appeal to stable guidelines, ideals and the strengthening of the influence of fundamentalism as a result of the belief in the need for certain traditional religious and cultural foundations. These efforts are aimed not only at preserving cultural and religious identity, but also at facilitating survival in a world that is not structured by a single expediency, ambiguous, spiritually and socially nonlinear.

The Human Existence Analytics: an Introduction to the Experience of Self-discovery. a Systematic Study

10.12737/3476 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syergyey YAchin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Ethical Relation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Self Discovery

This paper aims to reveal the multidimensionality of human being-in-the-world within the human existence analytics and to show that human existence is reflexively correlated with the Other. The key question is how the subject ontologically lives and at the same time existentially experiences his relations to the world. The distinction between be-living and living through human’s being-in-the-world is substantiated as the principle of onto-phenomenological differentiation. Within the irreducible multiplicity of human relations to the world four modes of human experience are formed: the transcendent, the symbolic, the objective and the sensual ones. Ultimately, it is shown that the key to understanding the human existence is the highest form of its correlation with the Other: the ethical relation. Thus, the universal for the world philosophy understanding of man as ethical and, as such, reasonable being is expounded. The paper can be of interest to anyone who is concerned with the problem of man and who is familiar with some basic philosophical approaches to it.

scholarly journals The Feminine, The Poetic, And The Sacred In BPNichol's The Martyrology And Journal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Androsova
Keyword(s):  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Poetic Practice ◽  
Mode Of Being ◽  
A Site

My goal is not to analyse the sacred – to analyse it is to kill it. The objective is only to explore different ways of approaching the sacred through looking deeply at the nature of poetic language. In our contemporary society, the sacred is the other. And so is the feminine. Our culture often rejects these modes of experience, but poetic practice gives them both a time and a space. My overall argument is that poetic practice creates an approach, a site and a possibility for the sacred to manifest itself phenomenologically by breaking through from the other realm into human experience. Poetic practice holds an intention, creates a direction, a dimension, a state that can approach the experience of the sacred and honour it, be open to it, invite it and allow the subject to suspend the habitual control and instead adopt a surrender mode. Thus, poetic practice itself becomes a sacred activity that teaches us about different kinds of knowledge, experience and insight and invites us to experience a different mode of being in the world, in language, with ourselves, and with each other. Instead of detachment and alienation that permeate our culture, instead of separation from and the resulting objectification of nature, poetic consciousness offers us a more primal mode of being that pre-modern man used to call sacred.

scholarly journals Making Meaning Present: Semiotics and the Ontological Life of Stones in West Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Johannes Merz
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
Making Meaning ◽  
Foundational Principle ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type

Semiotics, which is a foundational principle of scientific thought, has also shaped anthropology’s understanding of live stones that serve as shrines in the savannah region of West Africa, such as in the Commune of Cobly of northwestern Benin. Semiotics either reduce live stones and other religious and ontological phenomena to a function of signification or they recast them as semiotic anomalies attributable to the Other. Either way leads to an epistemological paradox in which such phenomena can be rationally understood yet existentially denied. I propose to counter this by introducing a new type of entity, which I call the “onton.” Building on the notion of presence and the anthropology of ontology, I understand ontons as indivisible and non-representational entities that cannot be broken down into different sign components. Ontons are more than meaningful; they are made present in the world when other entities relate to them through the process of presencing that shifts the focus from meaning to action. Presencing, which builds on semiotics, is guided by different practices, which, in turn, can account for ontological diversity and differentiation. I claim that presencing, which allows for ontonic entities, leads to a deeper understanding of ontology and human experience more broadly. Meaning as a basis for communication is thus extended to include presence as a basis for a wider engagement with the world, thereby breaking down difference between humans, animals and things.

Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dina Amelia
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Western World ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Voice

There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

Experiment role in the world music (based on the «The Road» album of the Ukrainian «Dakha Brakha» band)

2018 ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
Iia Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
World Music ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
Musical Practice ◽  
The Road ◽  
Music Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
Musical Practices

The main objective of this study is the substantiation of experiment as one of the key features of the world music in Ukraine. Based on the creative works of the brightest world music representatives in Ukraine, «Dakha Brakha» band, the experiment is regarded as a kind of creative setting. Methodology and scientific approaches. The methodology was based on the music practice theory by T. Cherednychenko. The author distinguishes four binary oppositions, which can describe the musical practice. According to one of these oppositions («observance of the canon or violation of the canon»), the musical practices, to which the Ukrainian musicology usually classifies the world music («folk music» and «minstrel music»), are compared with the creative work of «Dakha Brakha» band. Study findings. A lack of the setting to experiment in the musical practices of the «folk music» and «minstrel music» separates the world music musical practice from them. Therefore, the world music is a separate type of musical practice in which the experiment is crucial. The study analyzed several scientific articles of Ukrainian musicologists on the world music; examined the history of the Ukrainian «Dakha Brakha» band; presented a list of the folk songs used in the fifth album «The Road» by «Dakha Brakha» band; and showed the degree of the source transformation by musicians based on the example of the «Monk» song. The study findings can be used to form a comprehensive understanding of the world music musical practice. The further studies may be related to clarification of the other parameters of the world music musical practice, and to determination of the experiment role in creative works of the other world music representatives, both Ukrainian and foreign. The practical study value is the ability to use its key provisions in the course of modern music in higher artistic schools of Ukraine. Originality / value. So far, the Ukrainian musicology did not consider the experiment role as the key one in the world music.

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