Philosophical Discourse for the Development and Improvement of the Intellectualization of Human Nature

The principal goal of the study is to characterize the philosophical discourse of the development and improvement of human nature in the context of its intellectualization. The article uses a set of methods that make it possible to reveal a philosophical analysis of the development and improvement of human nature in the context of its intellectualization, in particular: general scientific methods; logical methods of theoret- ical analysis; technical analysis, clarification. Because of the study, the philosophical aspects of the devel- opment and improvement of human nature in the context of its intellectualization were characterized. The needs of the modern economic, political, spiritual development of society require further, deeper research of the actual problems of the doctrine of man. Therefore, interest in man and humanity is becoming espe- cially acute, prompting to justify social and cultural transformations.

Philosophical and Psychological Approach to Self-Development of Scientific and Pedagogical Workers

The study?s main purpose is to highlight the philosophical and psychological aspects of the self- development of scientific and pedagogical workers in the context of the development of the education sys- tem. The article uses various methods to conduct research, namely general scientific methods: formal- logical, systemic, structural-functional, concrete-historical. The pedagogical synergetics is considered as part of the research. Pedagogical synergetics, which explains the development of a complex system, edu- cation, is a new philosophy of the educational process. Pedagogical synergetics makes it possible to ap- proach the development of problems of the development of pedagogical systems and the pedagogical pro- cess in a new way, considering them primarily from the standpoint of openness, co-creation and orienta- tion towards self-development. As a result, philosophical, psychological and pedagogical approaches to self-improvement are characterized.

Composer's Philosophy: The Interdependence Between Worldview and Writing Technique

The composer?s philosophical thinking category is actually significant; a stable approach to the phe- nomenon under study has not developed to this day. This phenomenon is a complex socially conditioned mechanism of creativity, which entails understanding and clarifying several philosophical and cultural cat- egories, such as thinking, consciousness, worldview, style, writing technique, concept, cultural values. This research reveals the essence of such a phenomenon as the composer?s philosophy of thinking in the interdependence?s aspect of the worldview and writing technique. The fundamental approaches, methods and principles of research in composer?s philosophical thinking area formed the methodological basis of this scientific article. The manifestations of the composer?s thinking as an aspect of writing technique (thinking-writing) are considered. The philosophical type of worldview in the composer?s work has been substantiated, and the primary forms of their manifestation in the musical text have been determined.

“The Essays” by Montaigne: Postmodernist Interpretation

The article is devoted to the analysis of Montaigne?s book “The Essays” from the point of view of postmodernist criticism. The work is conceived as an experimental eclectic and mosaic formation, full of paradoxes, which creates the multiplicity of its interpretations in terms of different practices, including postmodernist practices. The features of the author’s self-identification are analysed through the postmodernist paradigm. The originality of the essayistic method of understanding reality through the philosopher?s own beliefs is investigated. The intertextual nature of his essays, based on individual authorial commentary on citation material, reinterpretation, and reevaluation of the past experiences, through which the author creates his image, are analysed. The ironic nature of Montaigne?s works, his methods of playing with the reader are analyzed separately. It is generalized that the author?s ironic position in the book “The Essays” is an indicator of the freedom of his personal thinking and a catalyst for readers to develop their own attitude to everything he contemplates. The comprehension of the compositional organization of the book “The Essays” from the point of view of rhizomatism is suggested. It is concluded that by combining tradition and experiment, Montaigne demonstrates the limitations of both classical tradition and postmodern aesthetics.

Philosophical and Historical Perspective of the Development of Electoral Technologies

The main purpose of the article is to characterise the philosophical and historical perspective of the de- velopment of electoral technologies. The methodological basis of the research is conditioned by the pecu- liarities of the research subject, its interdisciplinary nature and expediency of a combination of sociologi- cal, historical-philosophical, political science and other approaches. Philosophical and historical analysis showed that electoral technologies should be understood as a kind of political communication used to ma- nipulate public opinion. In turn, this makes it possible for politicians to have a monopoly on the manage- ment of the electorate in order to obtain its support in the elections. Considering electoral technologies, we must consider their connection and combination with the totality of electoral technologies. That is, it should be noted that the actual electoral process involves the passage of two mega stages: 1) the preparato- ry (pre-election) stage, at which pre-election technologies are applied, and 2) the official election cam- paign itself (purely electoral stage), in the process of which the actual electoral technologies are used.

Philosophy of the Female Image in the Context of Social Circumstances in Fiction

The philosophy of the image of a woman, her behaviour and functions in society have changed over time. The processes of transformation of the philosophy of the female image can be observed in fiction, which is a means of comprehending the life of previous generations. Therefore, female images help to know better the national character, national spirit, even the national idea of the philosophy of each nation. The study?s main goal is to reveal the philosophy of the female image in the context of the social circum- stances of fiction. For a better understanding of the evolution and development of the philosophy of the female image in world literature, we have formed a morphological analysis of the image of a woman in fiction and a matrix of structural elements of the image of a woman in fiction in the context of different timeframes.

Concept of Regional Security in Philosophical Approaches

The paper focuses on regional security, which has become a significant issue in situations where there has been a growth in the level of regional identity and the desire for relative autonomy in the general pro- cess of security system development. The approaches to security in the history of philosophy are analyzed in order to highlight the evolution of the concept of “regional security”. Comparative, systematic and her- meneutic methods are employed to reveal the aspects of regional security in terms of the problems of state, national and public security. The novelty of the research is associated with the development of the evolu- tion of ideas concerning regional security from abstract representations to the various aspects of regional practice. The conclusion is that modern regional security concepts are based on the synthesis of the meth- odology of systemic and constructivist approaches. This methodology is used to substantiate the claim that any state has to deal with the security problems of its regions and pay attention to any threats and regional interests, which may be constructible in nature, and pose a real danger associated with challenges from political, economic, military, environmental, and social spheres.

The Problem of Definition of Christian Sociology

This article suggests that different definitions of sociology follow from the different interpretations of its essence. The article points out also that a common flaw of many definitions of sociology is that they omit the intention and purpose of sociological science. Thereby, definitions of sociology by R. Kocharyan and A. Jijyan are presented, which explicitly mention the intentions and purposes of sociology. On the above basis, a preliminary definition of Christian sociology is suggested. Aimed at further elaboration of the subject, the authors consider the position of the Christian church regarding capitalism and socialism, the problem of free will, and certain aspects of Christian socialism related to the emergence of the social state in developed countries. This brings to a new understanding of the highest goal of the Christian religion – the salvation of the human soul – in the realities of the modern world. Accordingly, a definition of Christian sociology is presented with a detailed expression of its intention and purpose.

Human Identity as Freedom Statement in the Philosophy of Child Education

The purpose of this article is to reveal the specific features of personality-oriented education and to consider how a person, being in dialogue with another person, can declare freedom only by an act of own free will. To achieve the goal set, the authors have used a set of theoretical and empirical methods of analysis, description, comparison, extrapolation, synthesis, hermeneutic methodology, and a method of implication. Cross-sectional studies and case studies have also been used at the intersection of philosophy and psychology. It is emphasized that in the Ukrainian framework of the representation, this problem demonstrates the following – the “old” system of education, formed on the principle of necessity, has demonstrated its inef- fective mechanism of action through a system of prohibitions and oppression. The “new” system of educa- tion, built on the principle of freedom, relies on its effectiveness, rejecting necessity and eliminating com- pulsion. However, the methodological error of creating something new by destroying the old and ineffi- cient is becoming more and more evident.

Development of Ideas of Philosophy of Law in the Ancient East

Any science striving for the creative development of its content cannot be indifferent to its past, to the history of its ideas, discoveries, and conclusions. This idea is entirely related to the philosophy of law - one of the most ancient sciences of law. With the development of humankind, with the formation of the first states, there is a gradual departure from mythology, which is being replaced by philosophy and religion as forms of social consciousness. Traditions of human life are fixed in their norms. Among the norms, the norms of law also function. In the ancient East states, in which powerful theocratic monarchies took shape, the first philosophical and legal views were also formed. The peculiarity of the development of the coun- tries of the Ancient East, when the state became the owner of the land, slaves, etc., leaves its imprint on the formation of political doctrines about the state aimed at substantiating the despotism and omnipotence of the monarch.