Consent and Control in the Authoritarian Workplace

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krzywdzinski
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Work Behaviors ◽  
Sociology Of Work ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
And Control

Today, a large proportion of the world’s states are under authoritarian governments. These countries limit participation rights, both in the political sphere and in the workplace. At the same time, they have to generate consent in the workplace in order to ensure social stability and prevent the escalation of conflict. But how do companies generate consent, given that employee voice and interest representation may be limited or entirely absent? Based on a review of research literature from sociology, organizational psychology, and behavioral economics, this book develops a theory of consent generation and distinguishes three groups of consent-producing mechanisms: socialization, incentive mechanisms, and participation and interest representation. It presents an empirical analysis of how these mechanisms work in Russian and Chinese automotive factories and shows how sociocultural factors and labor regulation present the differences between both countries regarding consent and control in the workplace. The book contributes to two research debates. First, it examines the generation of consent in the workplace: a core topic of the sociology of work and organization. Its particular focus is on consent generation in authoritarian societies. Second, the book contributes to the debate regarding the reasons for the different trajectories of post-communist Russia and China. The book provides an empirical analysis that explains the different work behaviors of employees in both countries, and links the micro level of the workplace and the macro level of institutions and organizational cultures.

Participation and Interest Representation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krzywdzinski
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Management Communication ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
Union Representation ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Informal Practices

This chapter focuses on participation and interest representation practices in automotive plants in Russia and China. It discusses opportunities for employee participation at various levels: the micro level of teams (self-organization and involvement in improvement processes), forms of direct employee-management communication, and the representative employee voice through unions. With regard to union representation, it examines whether the existing formal participation and representation rights in Russia actually result in participation, or whether these rights are undermined by informal practices. It analyzes opportunities for participation in Chinese factories, where voice remains under the control of the Communist Party and its subordinate union. It shows considerable differences between Russian and Chinese plants and finds surprisingly well-developed participation and interest representation approaches in the Chinese cases.

Organizational Socialization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krzywdzinski
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Organizational Socialization ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Work Behaviors ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This chapter examines the organizational socialization mechanisms in automotive plants in Russia and China. The empirical analysis starts with selection processes. How do the companies select candidates during recruitment and whom do they select? Are they looking for a certain type of employee? The chapter continues with the analysis of onboarding concepts in China and Russia and then follows the employees within their teams. It analyzes the social relationships in the team, which influence the socialization processes within the company. Finally, overarching company activities intended to promote social integration (team building, competitions) are examined to determine the extent to which they shape work behaviors and generate identification with the company. The analysis shows considerable differences between the Russian and the Chinese plants regarding the intensity and the effects of organizational socialization.

Risk Evaluation for Conflicts between Crossing Pedestrians and Right-Turning Vehicles at Intersections

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110318
Author(s):  
Feifei Xin ◽  
Xiaobo Wang ◽  
Chongjing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Fuzzy Clustering Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Conflict Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Deceleration Time

In recent years, conflicts between crossing pedestrians and right-turning vehicles have become more severe at intersections in China, where right-turning vehicles are usually not controlled by traffic signals. This study proposes a quantitative method for evaluating the conflict risk between pedestrians and right-turning vehicles at intersections based on micro-level behavioral data obtained from video detection. A typical intersection in Shanghai was selected as the study site. In total, 670 min of video were recorded during the peak hours from 7:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m on one day. After processing the video information, vehicle and pedestrian tracking data were obtained, including the velocity, acceleration, deceleration, time, and location coordinates. Based on these data, several conflict indicators were proposed and these indicators were extracted automatically using MATLAB to identify pedestrian–right-turning vehicle conflicts and to determine the severity of the conflicts identified. This process identified 93 examples of such conflicts. The conflict risks were quantitatively classified using the K-means fuzzy clustering method and all of the conflicts were assigned to five grades. The characteristics of the conflict distribution and the severity of different types of conflict were also analyzed, which showed that conflicts on different areas on the crosswalk differed in their severity. Based on the conclusions, practical traffic management and control measures are proposed to reduce the risk on pedestrian crossings.

Learning to meet language demands in multi-step mathematical argumentations: Design research on a subject-specific genre

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Prediger ◽  
Kerstin Hein
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Design Experiments

AbstractFormal multi-step mathematical argumentations are a typical case of a highly specified subject-specific genre in the technical language with challenging demands in the academic language of schooling. The design research project presented here has the dual aim of (1) specifying the structural and language demands of formal mathematical argumentations and (2) designing a teaching-learning arrangement that uses structural scaffolding to foster students to successively meet these demands. These dual aims are pursued by an in-depth empirical analysis of students’ processes on the micro-level. For this purpose, 15 design experiments were conducted with 10 pairs of students in three design experiment cycles. The first two cycles served to develop the structural scaffolding and the third cycle served to investigate the initiated learning processes and the language demands on the lexical and syntactical level. The qualitative in-depth analysis of the teaching-learning processes in the design experiments shows how students can successively learn to conduct multi-step argumentations when supported by structural scaffolding. Expressing the argumentations in an adequate way, however, is an additional challenge. The empirical analysis reveals deep insights into the complex interplay of conditional, causal, and consecutive phrases that are necessary to combine premises, arguments, and conclusions in a logical sound way. The design research study has theoretical consequences for conceptualizing subject-specific discursive demands as well as practical implications as one design outcome is a prototype of the learning arrangement to foster students in a mathematics- and language-integrated way.

Foundations of Political Trust

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Listhaug ◽  
Tor Georg Jakobsen
Keyword(s):  
Political Psychology ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Electoral Institutions ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Micro Level

Research on political trust has been through a period of strong growth and now constitutes an important field within political behavior. The research growth is driven at least partly by access to new sources of data, which are relevant for testing many of the explanations of political trust discussed in the research literature. Research has moved in several directions. Overall, we observe that research on political trust is strongly integrated into mainstream research on political behavior with an emphasis of attitudes and other political psychology constructs. Complementing the micro-level approach, there is also a movement toward macro-level studies, with strong links to institutions. The institutional approach is primarily linked to electoral institutions and serves to test main hypotheses about differences between electoral systems.

PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN PENJUALAN TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS PENJUALAN: STUDI KASUS PT. INTI (PERSERO) BANDUNG

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Andhika Ariadharma
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Business World ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Internal Control System ◽  
And Control

Sales is a major activity in companies that need to be taken seriously, because with the sale of thecompany to earn a profit for the company's survival. Given the importance of sales activity within thecompany, it is necessary to control the sale as well. Sales activity should be planned and carried outeffectively and efficiently as possible in order to profit the company can achieve the optimum point,and the company can also handle and control the sales activity well in line with the growing companyand competition in the business world. In this study, the researchers conducted a case study usingdescriptive analysis research methodology of data collection is done by questionnaires, interviews,observation, and research literature. The method used to test the hypothesis is a statistical method ofSpearman Rank correlation. Based on the results of questionnaires and hypothesis testing is done, theresults obtained by calculating the percentage of 69.22% so it can be concluded that the InternalControl System Sales is designed PT INTI (Persero) is very influence on sales effectivitness.Keywords: Internal Control System Sales, Sales Effectivitness

Maintaining a Socially Just Classroom

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose W. Lalas ◽  
Joanna Linda Lalas
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Student Engagement ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Funds Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Situated Perspective ◽  
Engaging Student

This chapter presents an ethical decision-making for student engagement from a social justice perspective. It discusses what social justice means by presenting some principles gathered from existing related research literature supported by teacher voices that are gathered from written survey. Student engagement and the factors that influence it are discussed highlighting them from a socially and culturally situated perspective. Motivational and sociocultural factors such as funds of knowledge, race, social capital, and cultural capital are presented to demonstrate why mere access is not enough as an ethical and equitable way of engaging student to achieve positive outcomes. Access must be activated by providing students ample opportunities to experience a sense of belonging, teacher trust that they are competent learners, recognition of their identities and interests, and meaningful engagements.

Social Influence Processes in Leader–Stakeholder Relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-152
Author(s):  
James Westphal ◽  
Sun Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Firm Strategy ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Symbolic Action ◽  
Negative Reciprocity ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Corporate Elites ◽  
And Control

In this chapter we describe common social influence processes in relations between firm leaders and external stakeholders, with particular attention to ingratiation, favor rendering, and negative reciprocity, which our research suggests are the most impactful micro-level influence processes in leader–constituent relations. We contend that the inconspicuous nature of these processes complements the more public forms of symbolic action described in Part I. They maintain the appearance of objective evaluation and control by financial market actors, while protecting managerial discretion over firm strategy and governance, thus supporting the ceremonial inspection and evaluation that makes symbolic decoupling possible, and preserving the dominance of corporate elites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document