Social versus Private Insurance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Pestieau ◽  
Mathieu Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Fiscal Competition ◽  
Public Insurance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public

This chapter looks at the role of the public versus the private sector in the provision of insurance against social risks. After having discussed the evolution of the role of the family as support in the first place, the specificity of social insurance is emphasized in opposition to private insurance. Figures show the extent of spending on both private and public insurance and the chapter presents economic reasons to why the latter is more developed than the former. Issues related to moral hazard and adverse selection are addressed. The chapter also discusses somewhat more general arguments supporting social insurance such as population ageing, unemployment, fiscal competition and social dumping.

Long-Term Care

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Pestieau ◽  
Mathieu Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Long Term Care Insurance

This chapter is concerned with the rise in long-term care needs. Long-term care concerns individuals who are no longer able to carry out basic daily activities. Most of the care is currently provided by informal caregivers, mainly the family, while the role of formal care provided by the state or the market remains small. The chapter explains, however, why informal care is expected to decline and analyses the low private insurance development, the so-called long-term care insurance puzzle. These two factors, the decreasing role of the family and a thin insurance market, plead for the development of a full fledge social insurance for long-term care. The chapter then looks at the optimal design of such an insurance.

scholarly journals BRIDGING THE GAP: THE ROLE OF MICRO-INSURANCE IN A COMPREHENSIVE SOCIALPROTECTION SYSTEM IN SOUTH AFRICA

Obiter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Letlhokwa George Mpedi ◽  
Daleen Millard
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Micro Insurance ◽  
Vulnerable Persons

Access to social protection interventions, such as social assistance, social insurance and private insurance, in South Africa is limited. For that reason, plugging the holes in the safety net is undoubtedly one of the most pressing challenges facing South Africa in its quest to design a comprehensive social protection system. The point is that vulnerable persons, just like any other persons, have to contend with social risks (for example, death, poor health, invalidity, etcetera). As a result, similarly to all other persons, they require protection against these risks. It is clear that the current social protection interventions (particularly social insurance, social assistance and privateinsurance) fail to protect every person in need of such protection adequately in South Africa. Thus, the contribution sets out to investigate the prospects of micro-insurance being used as an instrument to extend social protection coverage to the excluded and marginalized persons in South Africa.

scholarly journals Public Performance of Private Interviews: Reinserting the Self into the Family Narrative

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Alina Predescu
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
Home Movies ◽  
Surgical Tool ◽  
Family Photographs ◽  
Family Narrative ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public

Serban Oliver Tataru and Alfred Guzzetti are filmmakers that investigate on camera the role of memory in the construction of family history. They interview family members, gather old home movies and family photographs, and dig for public archival footage, in an effort to assume their position within a personal historical continuum, and to affirm their agency within their familial community. In their creative affirmation of generational subjectivity, they push against accepted familial narratives, and use the camera as a surgical tool that troubles lingering wounds beyond the surface of old images. In Anatomy of a Departure (2012), Romanian-German filmmaker Serban Oliver Tataru interviews his parents about their decision to emigrate from Ceausescu’s Romania while he was a teenager, scrutinizing on camera the conditions and consequence of a life-changing decision. While the dynamic of filming one’s own family is reminiscent of home movie tropes, and the tension built around sharing delicate memories reveals an intimacy usually intended to remain private, the film proposes a multilayered performance of the authorial self. As the film reveals a self-portrait set against the familial portrait (Marianne Hirsch), an inherent performative element acts as the necessary mediator between private and public, between ethic, aesthetic and politic. Negotiating between a restorative and a reflective nostalgia (Svetlana Boym), Tataru proposes a live performance of homecoming.

scholarly journals Interaction of school, family, and community in the spiritual and moral education of children and youth in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (I) ◽  
pp. 249-260
Author(s):  
Марія ФЛЯК
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theory Of Education ◽  
Christian Morality ◽  
The Family ◽  
Universal Values

The author highlights the role of the school, family and the public in the spiritual and moral education of children and young people in particular and in the formation of personal children in general. It is substantiated that the interaction of school, family and the public contributes to the efficiency of education of the younger generation of the state. The problems of spiritual and moral upbringing faced by the family, the school, the public and the theory of education in general, require an immediate solution, no change or correction of some provisions, but a cardinal, final decision on the basis of Christian morality and eternal universal values.

Geographers and sexual difference: feminist contributions

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda McDowell
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Geographical Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

Divisions based on the assumption that men and women are different from one another permeate all areas of social life as well as varying across space and between places. In the home and in the family, in the classroom or in the labour market, in politics, and in power relations, men and women are assumed to be different, to have distinct rights and obligations that affect their daily lives and their standard of living. Thirty years ago, there were no courses about gender in British geography departments. This chapter discusses the challenges to geographical knowledge, and to the definition of knowledge more generally, that have arisen from critical debates about the meaning of difference and diversity in feminist scholarship. It examines a number of significant conceptual ideas, namely: the public and the private; sex, gender and body; difference, identity and intersectionality; knowledge; and justice. Finally, it comments on the role of feminism in the academy as a set of political practices as well as epistemological claims.

DRGs and the Professional Independence of Physicians

2011 ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Frisina ◽  
Mirella Cacace
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Diagnosis Related Groups ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Medicare Program ◽  
Professional Independence

This chapter examines the effects of diagnosis related groups (DRGs) on the professional independence of physicians in three distinct types of healthcare systems: the U.S. private insurance system, where DRGs were first developed and subsequently implemented in the public Medicare program in 1983; the British National Health Service (NHS), which adopted an analogous version of DRGs referred to as Health Resource Groups (HRGs) in 1992; and the German social insurance system, which adopted its own DRG version (G-DRGs) based on a refined version of the Australian model that is to be fully phased into the hospital system by 2009. By examining these three cases, the present contribution asks (a) whether it is possible to identify any effects of DRGs on the professional independence of physicians; and (b) whether these effects are specific to the respective healthcare system and/or DRG version at hand.

scholarly journals The role of prophetic action in public theology – the implications for addressing corruption in a context of sustainable development

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedrich W. De Wet
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Space ◽  
South African ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Role ◽  
African Churches ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Two Kingdoms ◽  
The Church

After almost two decades of democratic rule in South Africa, patterns of withdrawal and uncertainty about the complexities involved in defining the contents, rationality and impact of the public role of the church in society seem to be prevalent. As unabated levels of corruption and its sustained threat to sustainable development point out, a long-awaited reckoning should take place – at least in the circles of South African churches from reformed origin – regarding its rich tradition of critical and transformational prophetic involvement in the public space. In this article, the author places different models for the public role of the church in the field of tension that is generated when the private and public spheres meet each other. The author anticipates different configurations that will probably form in this field of tension in the cases of respectively the Two Kingdoms Model, the Neo-Calvinist Approach and the Communicative Rationality Approach.Die rol van profetiese prediking in publieke teologie: Die implikasies vir die hantering van korrupsie in ‘n konteks van volhoubare ontwikkeling. Na bykans twee dekades van demokratiese regering in Suid-Afrika blyk dit dat patrone van onttrekking en onsekerheid oor wat die inhoud, rasionaliteit en impak van die publieke rol van die kerk in die samelewing presies behels, steeds voortduur. In ‘n situasie waaruit dit blyk dat daar geen werklike teenvoeter is vir die hoë vlakke van korrupsie asook vir die bedreiging wat dit vir volhoubare ontwikkeling inhou nie, is dit hoog tyd dat die kerk, ten minste in die geval van die Suid-Afrikaanse kerke van reformatoriese oorsprong, diep oor sy profetiese rol in die samelewing moet besin. Hierdie kerke kom uit ‘n ryke tradisie van kritiese en transformerende betrokkenheid in die publieke sfeer. In hierdie artikel plaas die outeur verskillende modelle vir die publieke rol van die kerk in die spanningsveld wat gegenereer word wanneer die private en publieke sfere mekaar ontmoet. Die outeur antisipeer verskillende konfigurasies wat waarskynlik na vore sal tree in hierdie spanningsveld in die gevalle van onderskeidelik die Twee Koninkryke Model, die Neo-Calvinistiese Benadering en die Kommunikatiewe Rasionaliteit Benadering.

Italian Perspectives on Pandemic Responses: Tracing Early Critiques from Europe’s First Lockdown

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-305
Author(s):  
Andrea Fumagalli ◽  
Sara Gandini ◽  
Cristina Morini
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
European Investment

Abstract This paper is a translation of three early critiques of the responses of the Covid-19 pandemic in Italy, each addressing a unique facet and different perspective of Europe’s first lockdown. Through bringing together these memorial traces, the article captures the heterogeneity of discussions taking place on the left at the very beginning of the pandemic, destabilizing a totalizing framing of Covid responses through simple binaries such as health vs economics or individual rights vs the collective good. Crisitina Morini addresses the ambivalences around the term ‘care’ (in Italian meaning both ‘attention’ and ‘cure’). Grounded in feminist economics, she argues for the establishment of a self-determination income envisioned as an unconditional and universal income, not linked to working positions. Sara Gandini ponders the possibility of turning anger into a political force and questions what forms this could take. Highlighting the problems related to turning a public health issue into one of national security, Gandini probes the politics of acceptability around Covid-related deaths against non-Covid related deaths, particularly deaths precisely exacerbated by confinement strategies. She speaks also of the silencing and policing of dissent when one tries to raise such issues in the public space. Lastly, Andrea Fumagalli uses the idea of crisis as an opportunity to rethink social and economic issues. These include readjusting the balance between private and public healthcare, (especially as Covid treatments are not very profitable), the implementation of a major European investment plan relating to social infrastructure and the environment, which will relaunch the European economy. Though these critiques were formulated at the start of the pandemic. many of the arguments and questions the authors asked themselves at the time remain highly topical: the role of welfare and income, the regulatory devices (including gender) that risk passing using the fight against the pandemic; all of which are central to maintaining a lucidity of analysis and to be resistant witnesses, politicizing anger to turn it into an agency that takes advantage of this difficult experience to build a slightly better world.

Health reform seeks broad improvements in Chile

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Systems ◽  
Sick People ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Improve Access

Subject Health reform in Chile. Significance On April 22, President Sebastian Pinera announced two initiatives to reform Chile’s private and public health systems. The first would end years of discrimination and spiralling costs for affiliates of private health insurers, known as ISAPREs. The second aims to improve access and coverage for users of the national health service by strengthening the role of FONASA, the institution which finances the public health system. Impacts Greater competition may deepen the controversial concern that ISAPREs “cannot afford to incorporate sick people”. Fiscal revenues will fall if affiliates leave FONASA in large numbers, as expected. The delay for new ISAPRE members to access all benefits has been called discriminatory and will be a focus of debate in Congress.

scholarly journals Stages of busi(-)ness and identity

Ethnologies ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Lightfoot ◽  
Valérie Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Work Space ◽  
Small Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Creation

Résumé This article explores how space gets mobilised in the performance of “family business”. The very concept of the “family business” collapses some deeply entrenched distinctions in Western modern societies, those between home and work, private and public, family life and business rationality, distinctions that are mapped over space through the creation of boundaries between work space and family space, home and office. The “family business”, especially when run from home, unsticks this ordered sense of space as familial images and business stages are collapsed. Our analysis of small family run boarding kennels focuses on the way space is used to frame different stages of action. In particular, we draw upon theatrical metaphors to explore the work that goes into the staging of identities and social relations. We first discuss the relationships between space, stages, performance and identity through a theatrical lens; we then draw upon material from our study of family run boarding kennels to explore how owner-managers use space as a malleable resource from which they carve out and assemble different stages to perform their business and themselves to different audiences. After going back into the theatre to discuss the role of stages in weaving together coherent stories in the family business or in drama, we close by exploring the limitations of the theatrical metaphor for the analysis of social life.

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