Transoceanic America

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Burnham
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Managing Risk

Transoceanic America offers a new approach to American literature by emphasizing the material and conceptual interconnectedness of the Atlantic and Pacific worlds. These oceans were tied together economically, textually, and politically, through such genres as maritime travel writing, mathematical and navigational schoolbooks, and the relatively new genre of the novel. Especially during the age of revolutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, long-distance transoceanic travel required calculating and managing risk in the interest of profit. The result was the emergence of a newly suspenseful form of narrative that came to characterize capitalist investment, political revolution, and novelistic plot. The calculus of risk that drove this expectationist narrative also concealed violence against vulnerable bodies on ships and shorelines around the world. A transoceanic American literary and cultural history requires new non-linear narratives to tell the story of this global context and to recognize its often forgotten textual archive.

Numbers

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-73
Author(s):  
Michelle Burnham
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Regular Practice

This chapter focuses on American mathematical schoolbooks from the age of revolutions, as well as associated genres such as manuals on bookkeeping, navigation, and insurance. Knowledge of these fields was crucial for the late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century voyages of commerce and discovery that connected the Atlantic and Pacific, and these books introduced a wide variety of readers, including women, to the world of global trade. In their attention to the interrelated practices of calculation and speculation, these genres—in dialogue with literature on the lottery—taught readers the narrative dynamics of suspense that also informed the emerging genre of the novel. Like transoceanic travel narratives, novels were the textual companions to capitalism, offering readers regular practice in accommodating the sensations of expectation central to a world increasingly penetrated by global trade and its mechanisms of risk-taking and risk assessment. Novels emerged, in other words, as numberless representations of an increasingly number-driven world.

Suicide justice: Adopting Indigenous feminist methods in settler suicidology

2021 ◽  
pp. 136345932110468
Author(s):  
Kristen Cardon
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Feminist Scholarship ◽  
New Approach ◽  
White Settler ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Reparative Reading ◽  
The World ◽  
Feminist Methods

White settler colonies around the world have long reported disproportionately high rates of Indigenous suicides, a consequence of the continuing violence of imperialism. This article posits a need for interdisciplinary approaches to address this crisis and therefore turns to humanist methods developed in Indigenous and feminist scholarship. I analyze texts from U.S. psychologist Edwin Shneidman to rearticulate their relationship to what I call settler suicidology. I then evoke literary critic Eve K. Sedgwick’s reparative reading method to reimagine suicide prevention as suicide justice, reading the novel There There by Tommy Orange (Cheyenne and Arapaho) to advocate for distributive justice as a new approach to Indigenous suicide crises. My term suicide justice names increasing accountability between settler suicide workers and the communities they seek to serve.

scholarly journals A Study of the Humor in Mark Twain’s Classic Works

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1327
Author(s):  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Mark Twain ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Outstanding Achievement ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
The World ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Mark Twain is a famous critical realist writer in the late nineteenth Century. Through combining humor and irony, he makes a relentless expose and criticism of the ugly phenomena in American social life. Humor is a unique way of thinking in his mind; he used humor to bring laugh to human. At the same time, he mercilessly criticized the ugly social reality, a profound reflection of the human condition in the world of metaphysical philosophy explores. The excellent satirical art in a number of his works showed, not only became an independent school at the time of the American literature, but also had a profound impact on the future of American literature. In this article, the author uses humor as a clue, and narrates the art of humor in Mark Twain's classic novels, the author will describe about the specific language and writing techniques from some classic novels of Mark Twain, to explore the art of humor embodied in the novel and the consequences of humor, so as to let the readers have a more intuitive and profound understanding of Mark Twain's novels, and also show the expression of noble tribute to Mark Twain for his outstanding achievement.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Michelle Burnham
Keyword(s):  
American Literature ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Pacific

The Introduction develops a transoceanic framework for the study of American literature and the emergence of the novel. It establishes that American literature and culture have always been integrated within complex and wide-ranging commercial, political, and textual networks that connected the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. By locating the presence of the Pacific in the Atlantic, and of the Atlantic in the Pacific, this volume establishes a global materiality to narrative in the transoceanic age of revolutions. Long-distance maritime travel depended on capitalist strategies of calculation that also concealed practices of violence against women and indigenous peoples. The resultant narrative of expectation or suspense drives the discourses of commerce, revolution, and the novel.

scholarly journals Development of Coronavirus Treatments Using Neutralizing Antibodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Saman Fouladirad ◽  
Horacio Bach
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. This virus has led to 61.8 million cases worldwide being reported as of December 1st, 2020. Currently, there are no definite approved therapies endorsed by the World Health Organization for COVID-19, focusing only on supportive care. Treatment centers around symptom management, including oxygen therapy or invasive mechanical ventilation. Immunotherapy has the potential to play a role in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), in particular, is a relatively new approach in the world of infectious diseases and has the benefit of overcoming challenges with serum therapy and intravenous immunoglobulins preparations. Here, we reviewed the articles published in PubMed with the purpose of summarizing the currently available evidence for the use of neutralizing antibodies as a potential treatment for coronaviruses. Studies reporting in vivo results were summarized and analyzed. Despite promising data from some studies, none of them progressed to clinical trials. It is expected that neutralizing antibodies might offer an alternative for COVID-19 treatment. Thus, there is a need for randomized trials to understand the potential use of this treatment.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Pediatric Kawasaki Disease and COVID-19 Association

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soroosh Salehabadi ◽  
Shima Shekari ◽  
Shiva Shadani ◽  
Mohammad Shoja
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Prolonged Fever ◽  
The World

Introduction: As COVID-19 spreads rapidly all over the world and nations struggle to control it, the novel presentations of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its possible triggering role for other diseases in pediatrics concern clinicians in frontlines. Case Presentation: We describe a 10-year-old child diagnosed with COVID-19 infection and concurrent Kawasaki disease. He presented with prolonged fever and conjunctivitis. His initial echocardiogram showed coronary artery dilation in RCA. He was treated with IVIG and aspirin as per guidelines and discharged 48 hours after the completion of IVIG and diminishing fever. His follow-up echocardiogram showed improvement in a two weeks’ interval while he was quarantined in the meantime and showed no respiratory complications. Conclusions: In conclusion, we think that there might be a correlation between COVID-19 infection and hyperinflammatory conditions, like Kawasaki disease. Further investigations are needed to enlighten the complications caused by COVID-19 infection, especially in pediatrics. In addition, we emphasize follow-up visits (in person or long-distance) in pediatrics presenting with inflammatory symptoms.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Coda: The Rosetta Stone

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Imagination ◽  
Origin Point

Hieroglyphs have persisted for so long in the Western imagination because of the malleability of their metaphorical meanings. Emblems of readability and unreadability, universality and difference, writing and film, writing and digital media, hieroglyphs serve to encompass many of the central tensions in understandings of race, nation, language and media in the twentieth century. For Pound and Lindsay, they served as inspirations for a more direct and universal form of writing; for Woolf, as a way of treating the new medium of film and our perceptions of the world as a kind of language. For Conrad and Welles, they embodied the hybridity of writing or the images of film; for al-Hakim and Mahfouz, the persistence of links between ancient Pharaonic civilisation and a newly independent Egypt. For Joyce, hieroglyphs symbolised the origin point for the world’s cultures and nations; for Pynchon, the connection between digital code and the novel. In their modernist interpretations and applications, hieroglyphs bring together writing and new media technologies, language and the material world, and all the nations and languages of the globe....

Security Concern and Countermeasures for Cheating in Visual Cryptography

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Ekta Y
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Visual Cryptography Scheme ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Security Concern

As IT sector is ruling the world now,confidentiality and security of information has become the most important inseparable aspect in information communication system. Keeping in view the same, a new approach called Visual Cryptography (VC) has been suggested by many researchers but there are some limitations with this scheme and cheating is one of the main problem among them. This paper intends to show the basis of cheating in VC in terms of cheating process, its detection methods and its prevention methods suggested by various researchers along with their merits and demerits. Finally, a good Cheating Immune Visual Cryptography Scheme (CIVCS) has been discussed which states the properties to be adopted by every Visual Cryptography scheme to make it immune to cheating attacks.

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