Notes from the Mediterranean

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Ċetta Mainwaring
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
Central Case ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
And Migration

The introductory chapter first examines how and why EU migration policies have focused on control at the external border. The following section looks at how these policies encourage dangerous journeys across the Mediterranean and result in an increasing number of migrant deaths at the edge of Europe. In this context, shipwrecks play an important role in the politics of migration and are alternately cast as a humanitarian crisis and an enforcement problem, with migrants reduced to symbols of suffering or criminality and disorder. The Mediterranean space is reduced to an empty space, a mare nullius that allows for the projection of a unified, cohesive ‘Europe’ and provides a moral alibi for deaths at sea. Next, the chapter introduces the central case study of Malta, which EU policies place in the crosshairs of migration flows and migration control. It is from here, the EU’s smallest and most southern member state, that the book examines migrant experiences as well as Malta’s response to its new role as a migration gatekeeper within the EU. Finally, the chapter describes the methods and methodology employed before mapping the subsequent chapters of the book. In the book, ethnographic methods are combined with macro-level analyses in order to examine the relationships between local, national, and regional levels.

scholarly journals Interception Practices in Europe and Their Implications

Refuge ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areti Sianni
Keyword(s):  
The European Union ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
State Obligations ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Immigration And Asylum ◽  
The Right

The dilemma of reconciling migration control functions and State obligations for refugee protection has underlined much of the immigration and asylum debate in the European Union. In recent years, numerous measures have been introduced to block access to refugee status determination. This paper focuses on EU policies of non-entrée as they relate to the interception of individuals en route to Europe. It argues that there is a fundamental imbalance in the Union’s activities relating to asylum and migration management with recent measures having the effect of undermining the right to seek asylum and effectively blocking access to protection.

Race, Criminal Justice, and Migration Control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Bosworth ◽  
Alpa Parmar ◽  
Yolanda Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The State ◽  
Immigration Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Way

In the introductory chapter the editors discuss why a volume that brings together race, migration, and criminal justice, in a way that speaks to issues of belonging, is both timely and necessary. In highlighting the gaps in various disciplinary literatures including the sociology of migration, criminology, and immigration law, this collection of essays discusses explicitly how concerns about race and ethnicity animate many of the state and popular responses to the growing numbers of migrants across the world. Race and the meaning of race in relation to citizenship and belonging is excavated through the chapters presented in the book, and the book as a whole thereby transforming the way we think about migration and the construction of boundaries and borders.

Geoeconomic Leverage of Natural Gas Resources in the Mediterranean

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Economic Influence ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Influence Attempts ◽  
Gas Fields

This article examines the claim that Israel’s natural gas exports from its Mediterranean gas fields will give geopolitical leverage to Tel Aviv over the importing countries. Using the geoeconomic tradition of Klaus Knorr and others who wrote about applying leverage using economic resources to gain geopolitical advantage, it is argued that certain criteria have to be satisfied for economic influence attempts, and that Israel’s gas exports do not satisfy these criteria. They include the importer’s supply vulnerability, the supplier’s demand vulnerability, and the salience of energy as an issue between both countries. Israeli gas exports to Egypt are used as a case study.

The formation of the Egyptian Arabic dialect area

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Behnstedt ◽  
Manfred Woidich
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Egyptian Arabic ◽  
Transitional Area ◽  
The Mediterranean

This chapter deals with the sedentary dialects of Egypt, excluding the bedouin dialects of Sinai and the Libyan bedouin dialects on the Mediterranean coast. It attempts to combine historical information on the settlement of Arabic tribes in Egypt with accounts of present-day Egyptian dialects and those of the regions from which those tribes came, initially Yemen and the Levant, later Hejaz, and then the Maghreb. The diversity of the Egyptian Arabic dialect area is partly explained by external factors, namely different layers of arabization over centuries. It is also explained by internal factors, namely dialect contact, which implies phenomena such as hyperdialectisms. Egypt is seen as a dialect area in its own right, but one that shows phenomena of a transitional area between the Arab East and West. A case study of Alexandria deals with dialect death. The role of substrata is discussed, but is considered negligible.

Race, Criminal Justice, and Migration Control

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Migration Control ◽  
Key Sites ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Way

In an era of mass mobility, those who are permitted to migrate and those who are criminalized, controlled, and prohibited from migrating are heavily patterned by race. By placing race at the centre of its analysis, this volume brings together fourteen essays that examine, question, and explain the growing intersection between criminal justice and migration control. Through the lens of race, we see how criminal justice and migration enmesh in order to exclude, stop, and excise racialized citizens and non-citizens from societies across the world within, beyond, and along borders. Neatly organized in four parts, the book begins with chapters that present a conceptual analysis of race, borders, and social control, moving to the institutions that make up and shape the criminal justice and migration complex. The remaining chapters are convened around the key sites where criminal justice and migration control intersect: policing, courts, and punishment. Together the volume presents a critical and timely analysis of how race shapes and complicates mobility and how racism is enabled and reanimated when criminal justice and migration control coalesce. Race and the meaning of race in relation to citizenship and belonging are excavated throughout the chapters presented in the book, thereby transforming the way we think about migration.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwana Shamshad
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
And Migration

This introductory chapter sets the problem, provides a preview of nationalist thought in India and migration from Bangladesh and various nationalist thoughts. The politicization of migration of Bangladeshis into India operates at the intersection of religion, ethnicity, and discourses on nationalism in India. For the Hindu nationalists operating at the All-India level Muslims are ‘infiltrators’ and Hindus are ‘refugees’, for the Assamese ethnic nationalist both Hindu and Muslim Bengalis are ‘foreigners’. For the Bengalis in West Bengal, the ethnicity Bengaliness comes to the fore. The study sets three questions for three states. The chapter discusses these questions and the methodology to derive the answers. The chapter further discusses the field cities and the interviewees.

scholarly journals Social Media in and Around a Temporary Large-Scale Refugee Shelter in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630512110249
Author(s):  
Peer Smets ◽  
Younes Younes ◽  
Marinka Dohmen ◽  
Kees Boersma ◽  
Lenie Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Top Down ◽  
And Migration

During the 2015 refugee crisis in Europe, temporary refugee shelters arose in the Netherlands to shelter the large influx of asylum seekers. The largest shelter was located in the eastern part of the country. This shelter, where tents housed nearly 3,000 asylum seekers, was managed with a firm top-down approach. However, many residents of the shelter—mainly Syrians and Eritreans—developed horizontal relations with the local receiving society, using social media to establish contact and exchange services and goods. This case study shows how various types of crisis communication played a role and how the different worlds came together. Connectivity is discussed in relation to inclusion, based on resilient (non-)humanitarian approaches that link society with social media. Moreover, we argue that the refugee crisis can be better understood by looking through the lens of connectivity, practices, and migration infrastructure instead of focusing only on state policies.

scholarly journals A case study of a conservation flagship species: the monarch butterfly

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie D. Preston ◽  
Julia D. Liao ◽  
Theodore P. Toombs ◽  
Rainer Romero-Canyas ◽  
Julia Speiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Monarch Butterfly ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Tests Of Association ◽  
And Migration

AbstractWhat makes a flagship species effective in engaging conservation donors? Large, charismatic mammals are typically selected as ambassadors, but a few studies suggest butterflies—and monarchs in particular—may be even more appealing. To gather more information about people’s responses to monarchs, we conducted an empirical study of member submissions to a successful conservation campaign, the Monarch Story Campaign, conducted by the Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). The set of 691 stories along with their associated demographic and donation data was analyzed in a mixed-methods study using qualitative analysis and tests of association. The results showed that people often described encounters with monarchs in childhood and as adults. They expressed strong, positive emotions, and lauded the monarch’s beauty and other “awe-inspiring” qualities and expressed wonder at their lifecycle (i.e., metamorphosis and migration). They also raised conservation themes of distress at monarch loss, calls for action, and caretaking, such as being “fragile” and “in need.” Sharing personal encounters was associated with current efforts to save the species and more past financial donations, while a second pattern tied more donations to awe at the monarch’s mass migration. These results imply that conservation campaigns built around species people encounter may build lifelong awareness, concern, and actions towards conservation.

Linking Coastal Disasters and Migration: A Case Study of Kutubdia Island, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munshi Khaledur Rahman ◽  
Bimal Kanti Paul ◽  
Andrew Curtis ◽  
Thomas W. Schmidlin
Keyword(s):  
And Migration
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