English in a Time of Total War

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-178
Author(s):  
Lynda Mugglestone
Keyword(s):  
Home Front ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Total War ◽  
The People ◽  
Semantic Shift ◽  
Summer Time

This chapter focusses on the language of total war, and its consequences, in Britain. Total war is marked by the explicit renegotiation of the boundaries of conflict, alongside the participants it claims; as contemporary comment stressed, the people were, in effect, now to be the new front line. For Clark, the language of aerial attack, and domestic response, was, by extension, to be another area of marked lexical and semantic shift, whether in the rise of distinctive collocations such as Zeppelin nights and Zeppelin barometers, or in the domestic diction of gas warfare (and gas marks) alongside the emergence of dug-outs on the Home Front. Time itself, via British Summer Time or artificial time, changed too, as – at least intentionally — did the language of key British institutions such as ‘buying a round’.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN NARRATIVE SOURCES.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 620-638
Author(s):  
Alim Tetuev
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Front Line ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
The People ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Local Party

The article examines the memory of the Great Patriotic War in letters, memoirs and literary sources of front-line soldiers and workers of the rear of Kabardino-Balkaria. The state of historiography and sources of the studied problem is analyzed, its relevance is substantiated. The experience of party political and propaganda work of the Main Political Administration of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and local party and Soviet bodies for educating the Red Army and home front workers in the spirit of Soviet patriotism, national unity, hatred of the German occupiers and belief in victory will be summarized.  The letters and addresses of front-line soldiers to relatives and friends, home front workers, and local party and Soviet authorities were identified and investigated.  The letters and appeals of relatives and friends, home front workers, and local party and Soviet government bodies to front-line soldiers are examined. The reflection of war in the literary sources of the front-line soldiers, which are dedicated to the people of the front and rear, is considered. The analysis of the problem under study showed that the tasks of rallying and mobilizing all forces to achieve victory were characteristic of the consciousness of front-line soldiers and rear in an extreme situation.    

CULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN WORLD - A SPIRITUAL SLOGAN FACTOR OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR KSENOFONTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Soviet People ◽  
The People ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Art Activities ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Great Victory

The article reveals the essence and specificity of culture as an important component of the spiritual factor of victory. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of fiction. The article substantiates the moral and aesthetic impact on the consciousness of defenders of the Motherland, such works of art as“They fought for the Motherland”,“Leningrad poem”,“Russian character”,“Invasion”, etc. The article describes the significant role of theatrical art, which reveals the moral values of the people and Soviet soldiers. This is reflected in such plays as: “the Front”; “the Guy from our city”; “Once upon a time”, etc. The article substantiates the important role of the spiritual influence of cinema on Soviet people. This influence was realized through artistic images of selfless service to the Motherland, loyalty to military duty. Among these films: “Two fighters”, “Wait for me”, “Front-line friends”. During the war, as the article emphasizes, an important component of the spiritual factor of victory was the musical art. Activities in this area of culture famous musicians:B. Astafiev, S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, A. Alexandrov, V. Soloviev-Sedoy, and others, was implemented in operas, symphonies, cantatas and songs, which by their nature emotional expression differed Patriotic and epic strength. The purpose of the research : to reveal the axiological components, culture of the Russian world, as important components, spiritual factor during the great Patriotic war. Conclusions : the culture of the Russian world at various stages of the great Patriotic War, through a variety of means and forms, actively mobilized all Soviet people to defend the Motherland and defeat Nazi Germany. The spiritual culture of our country and its types, in the course of functioning, during the war, clearly and expressively revealed the idea of patriotism, courage, bravery and heroism, and encouraged the Soviet people, the soldiers of the red Army, to achieve a great Victory.

From Front Line to Home Front: A Study of Secondary Traumatization

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHAVA SOLOMON ◽  
MARK WAYSMAN ◽  
GABY LEVY ◽  
BATIA FRIED ◽  
MARIO MIKULINCER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Front ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Secondary Traumatization

scholarly journals Commentary: Serving the nation, serving the people: echoes of war in the early NHS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-156
Author(s):  
Roberta Bivins
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Institution ◽  
World War ◽  
Total War ◽  
The People ◽  
Post War ◽  
British People

It is something of a cliché to speak of Britain as having been transformed by the traumas of World War II and by its aftermath. From the advent of the ‘cradle to grave’ Welfare State to the end of (formal) empire, the effects of total war were enduring. Typically, they have been explored in relation to demographic, socioeconomic, technological and geopolitical trends and events. Yet as the articles in this volume observe across a variety of examples, World War II affected individuals, groups and communities in ways both intimate and immediate. For them, its effects were directly embodied. That is, they were experienced physically and emotionally—in physical and mental wounds, in ruptured domesticities and new opportunities and in the wholesale disruption and re-formation of communities displaced by bombing and reconstruction. So it is, perhaps, unsurprising that Britain’s post-war National Health Service, as the state institution charged with managing the bodies and behaviour of the British people, was itself permeated by a ‘wartime spirit’ long after the cessation of international hostilities.

scholarly journals Senses and Sensibility: The Civil War as Lived Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Home Front ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Literary Markets ◽  
North And South

Among wartime and postwar Americans, North and South, an appetite to narrate their experiences of preserving Union or achieving state sovereignty is reflected in their many accounts of the coming of the Civil War, its fighting, and its aftermath. Private letters from the home front and front line were regularly written and received; despite shortages of paper and ink, diaries and journals were diligently kept, recording experiences at both local and state levels; and memoirs and reminiscences, usually written many years after the events they describe, were produced for regional, national, and even international literary markets. These eyewitness accounts from a wide range of historical actors offer scholars, students, and general readers a remarkably detailed, intimate, and valuable glimpse of lived experience during four years of fighting that shaped a nation.

Transportation and Rearmament in the Third Reich

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Overy
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Total War ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Direct Preparation ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Third Reich

The role of rearmament within the economic framework has become a theme of recurring interest in twentieth century history. During the century, however, the scope of the problem has broadened considerably, so that historians no longer talk of rearmament as merely the direct preparation of a nation's armed forces with the means of waging war. Instead the idea of‘ total war’ introduces a new dimension, indirect or economic rearmament. This second dimension involves a much broader interpretation of the political disposition of individual countries at different times and under rapidly changing circumstances, as well as an understanding of the quality of service, industry or institution that would materially contribute to the effective waging of war on the home front as well. The danger of this sort of interpretation lies in the fact that it only appears to be necessary to locate the will to war in order to understand economic or social processes of a much more sophisticated and diverse nature.

The Teacher's Job in Total War

1942 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 327-330
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Total War

We are engaged in total war. That is why we are meeting here today. For total war reaches into every phase of a nation's life. Total war is waged not only on the battlefront, in the factory and in the homes. It is waged in every classroom t hroughout the nation. Every classroom is a citadel. Every teacher has his part to play. The job of the armed forces is to win this total war on the battlefront. The job of industry is to furnish the weapons and supplies needed by the armed forces to carry on total war. The job of the schools in this total war is to educate the nation's manpower for war and for the peace that follows. We can lose this total war on the battlefront as a direct result of losing it on the industrial front, on the home front or on the educational front. Education is the backbone of an army. This was never more true than it is today-now.

STRATEGIC BOMBING AND RESTRAINT IN ‘TOTAL WAR’, 1915–1918

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-431
Author(s):  
ANDREW BARROS
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
World War ◽  
Total War ◽  
Strategic Bombing ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Modern War ◽  
First World

ABSTRACTRecent studies of ‘total war’ depict a process of inexorable expansion leading to an often nebulous linkage of everything to war. This article takes the study of ‘total war’ in the opposite direction by studying a specific example of strategic restraint. It examines how the French bombing strategy that was developed over the course of the First World War went to considerable lengths to maintain a distinction between the civilian and the military. The article studies France's restraint by highlighting the strategic, geographical, institutional, and economic factors upon which it was built. It then goes on to examine the political pressures for an expansion of bombing which proved incapable of overturning this policy. Finally, it contrasts French restraint with that of its key ally, Great Britain. There, bombing developed into a strategic weapon designed to destroy the ‘home front’. This study of restraint underscores the importance of limits, and the attendant choices government has to make, in understanding the course and intensity of a country's mobilization for modern war.

scholarly journals Significance of Pharmacist’s Role in Keeping the People Healthy in Pandemic Situations

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Suruchi Singh ◽  
Satish Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Players ◽  
Front Line Workers

As the lockdown situation progressed in COVID-19 pandemic, national pharmacy role players became major front line workers for maintaining accessibility of health care utilities. Pharmacists have been handling in-house deliveries of essentials, reducing burden on health care, along with attending patients with other ailments. Since pharmacists are representatives directly associated with public health concerns, there is need for disseminating awareness in pharmacists to maintain the health conditions of the people living in the pandemic situation. Pharmacy Colleges and representatives of public health interests were subjected to systematic literature review regarding publicly reported pharmacist positions. It is concluded that respondents having much experience are intended to perceive a pharmacist's position as being essential to health care providers relative to the individuals who have less experience. The findings of this research can be beneficial for educating pharmacists in order to achieve the goal of keeping the people healthy in the pandemic situations.

scholarly journals History of the Organization of Medical Care during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 (in commemoration for the 70th anniversary of the Victory)

2015 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
M. SH. Knopov ◽  
V. K. Taranukha
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Wound Complications ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Great Achievement ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Advanced System

Success in the treatment of wounded and patients in the medical and sanitary battalions, army and front-line base hospitals as well as on the home front was secured by realization of the system of step-by-step treatment with evacuation when indicated. Creation and application of that principally new advanced system of treatment-and-evacuation provision for combat operations was the great achievement of native public health and military medical service. Studies of many talented scientists in the field of treatment of gunshot wound, penetrating wounds, gunshot fractures of the extremities, wound complications as well as elaboration of diagnostic and treatment methods for wounded played an important role in the creation of the system for rendering adequate medical care.

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