The Role of Psychology According to Edith Stein

Author(s):  
Angela Ales Bello

To understand the role of psychology as science according Edith Stein, we have to clarify the main features of her philosophical anthropology. Through the phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences she discovers the complex structure of the human being: the bodily, the psychic, and the spiritual life. The psychic level is ruled by causality, but it is different from the causality that we find in the nature, because it is not deterministic. In the psyche there is also an implicit motivation, but the explicit one is present in the spiritual life. For this reason, according to her, psychology, even if it is the science of the psyche, cannot avoid dealing with the spiritual aspect of the human being. Stein’s position is very important in order to grasp the limits of a psychology that follows the model of natural sciences.

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-412
Author(s):  
Krešimir Cerovac

There are many reasons why a partnership dialogue between theology (religion) and the natural sciences is needed. However, first and foremost this must be a conversation between one human being and another regarding the most important of human interests. The most effective way to approach complex issues and problems in the dialogue between theology and science is the transdisciplinary approach. Transdisciplinarity can solve prob lems which cannot be resolved by separate attempts. This approach can connect different modes of thought, that is, thought beginning with different points of view on the material world or religion. The transdisciplinary approach takes on the role of mediator, which demands at the “round table” that which unites human beings on a universal human level. This is a new, challenging and demanding approach which requires researchers to leave their own field of interest and strive to learn about other fields. The transdisciplinary approach, as “critical rationality” and a new way of thinking, opposed to classical and reductive rationalism, emphasizing objectivity, is based on controlled conflict–induced paradoxes. Transdisciplinarity creates a new quality — which is not an arithmetic sum of individual disciplines — and enables articulation, i.e. a link between two, at first glance, controversial disciplinary modes of thought.


2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762110448
Author(s):  
Ashti Emran ◽  
Vibha Sharma ◽  
Ravinder Singh ◽  
Manisha Jha ◽  
Naved Iqbal

Background: In the Indian setting, several studies have documented that dissociative disorders (DDs) are more common in females, and the most commonly elicited stressors are interpersonal. However, much of the research up to now has been quantitative. There is a notable paucity of qualitative studies exploring the subjective experiences of women with DD. Therefore, the present study sought to explore and gain an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of women diagnosed with DD. Methods: Five women were recruited who were seeking psychological treatment for dissociative symptoms at a tertiary care neuropsychiatric institute in North India. In-depth interviews were conducted with each, and the transcripts were analyzed using the analytic method of interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Three superordinate themes that emerged were: patients’ illness perspectives, the salience of relationships, and dealing with relationship conflicts. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the role of culture in influencing the participants’ illness perspectives. Women with DD tend to define their self in relational terms and, thus, inhibit the expression of one’s needs and opinions, to avoid conflict and to maintain harmony in relationships.


Author(s):  
John B. Thompson ◽  
Roger Savage

Paul Ricoeur was one of the leading thinkers of the second half of the twentieth century and in the later part of his life was considered by some to be France’s greatest living philosopher. Along with the German philosopher Hans-Georg Gadamer, Ricoeur was one of the main contemporary exponents of philosophical hermeneutics: that is, of a philosophical orientation that places particular emphasis on the nature and role of interpretation. While his early work was strongly influenced by Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology, he became increasingly concerned with problems of interpretation and developed – partly through detailed inquiries into psychoanalysis and structuralism – a distinctive hermeneutical approach. In some of his subsequent writings Ricoeur explored the role of imagination in metaphor, narrative, and social and political life. In his later work, Ricoeur turned his attention to a philosophical anthropology of the capable human being, which was the context for his explorations into the self’s ethical constitution, the role of memory and forgetting in history, and issues of justice and recognition.


Author(s):  
Adair Aparecida Sberga ◽  
Marina Massimi

ResumoO artigo apresenta o conceito de formação da pessoa concebido por Edith Stein a partir da sua investigação de base antropológico-filosófica sobre a constituição da pessoa. Seguindo o método fenomenológico, Stein descreve a estrutura do ser humano para poder apresentar o conceito de formação. Explica que, pela análise da origem da matéria, o corpo humano é preenchido por uma forma interior, a qual tem a propriedade de atualizar as potencialidades contidas no ser da matéria. Essa atualização acontece por meio de um processo formativo, o qual plasma o material até fazê-lo assumir uma forma, segundo um arquétipo. No caso do ser humano, a forma que ele deve assumir é a que está inscrita no seu núcleo pessoal. Por isso a atividade formativa tem que penetrar na alma da pessoa e chegar ao seu núcleo, no qual está sua originalidade pessoal. A partir dessa constatação, chegou-se a uma aproximação com o Sistema Preventivo de São João Bosco, que afirma que “em todo jovem há um ponto acessível ao bem”. Esse “ponto acessível” não é outra coisa que a alma humana, e, assim, os princípios pedagógicos propostos por Bosco se fundamentam na antropologia filosófica de Stein e podem ser descritos como itinerários educativos para a formação de crianças, adolescentes e jovens.Palavras-chave: Formação. Pessoa. Edith Stein. Sistema Preventivo de Dom Bosco.The formation of the person Edith Stein, educational principles and approach to the preventive system of Don BoscoAbstractThe article introduces the concept of the formation of the person understood by Edith Stein from her anthropological-philosophical-based survey about the person’s constitution. By following the phenomenological method, Stein describes the structure of the human being so that she is able to introduce the concept of formation. She explains that, through the analysis of the matter origin, an inner shape, which has the propriety to update the potentialities held in the matter being, fulfills the human body. That updating occurs through a formative process, which molds the material until it makes it adopt a shape, according to an archetype. In the human being case, the shape that he must adopt is that one that is registered in his personal nucleus. Therefore, the formative activity has to penetrate the soul of the person and reach its nucleus, where his personal originality is. From that verification, naturally, an approach to Saint Giovanni Bosco’s Preventive System was reached, which affirms “in every youth there is a point accessible to good”. That “accessible point” is not other thing than the human soul and, thus, the pedagogical principles purposed by Bosco are justified on the philosophical anthropology by Stein, and they may be described as educational itineraries for children, adolescents and youths’ formation.Keywords: Formation. Person. Edith Stein. Dom Bosco Preventive System.La formación de la persona Edith Stein, principios educativos  y aproximación al sistema preventivo de Don BoscoResumenEl artículo presenta el concepto de formación de la persona diseñado por Edith Stein de su investigación base antropológica y filosófica de la constitución de la persona. Siguiendo el método fenomenológico, Stein describe la estructura del ser humano para poder introducir el concepto de la educación. Se explica que el análisis del origen del cuerpo humano en bruto se llena con una forma interior, que tiene el potencial para actualizar está contenida en el campo. Esta actualización ocurre a través de un proceso de capacitación, lo que da forma a la materia para que sea en una forma, de acuerdo a un arquetipo. En el caso del hombre, la forma en que debe tomar es la que se introduce en el núcleo de personal. Por lo tanto, la actividad de formación tiene que penetrar en el alma de la persona y llegar al núcleo, donde es su originalidad personal. Sobre la base de este hallazgo se llegó a un acercamiento con el Sistema Preventivo de Don Bosco, que establece que “todo joven hay un punto de buena accesible”. Este “punto de acceso” no es más que el alma humana y por lo tanto los principios pedagógicos propuestos por Bosco se basan en la antropología filosófica y Stein se pueden describir como itinerarios educativos para la formación de niños, adolescentes y jóvenes.Palabras clave: Formación. Persona, Edith Stein. Sistema Preventivo de Don Bosco.


2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dargan ◽  
Graeme Reid ◽  
Suzanne Hodge

Background: Research has implicated causal, mediating and meaningful roles for mental imagery in the experience of psychological distress, including self-injury. Aims: The present study aimed to further the understanding of this relationship through exploring the lived experiences of mental imagery from the perspective of those who self-injure. Method: This study employed an inductive qualitative design using semi-structured interviews and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Ten participants were recruited from universities in North West England. Results: Three main themes were identified from the analysis: (i) The origins and precipitants of self-injurious imagery; (ii) What it is like to experience self-injurious imagery; and (iii) The meaning and interpretation of self-injurious imagery. Conclusions: The study findings indicate that mental imagery is an important experience for those who self-injure. Clinical and research implications of the findings are discussed.


Author(s):  
Mary T. Clark

Today the connection between "person" and the "I" is acknowledged in many respects but not always analyzed. The need to relate it to the reality of the human being has sparked the present investigation of the philosophical anthropology of four thinkers from the late ancient, medieval, and contemporary periods. Although it may seem that the question of the role of the "I" with respect to the human being hinges on the larger problem of objectivity v. subjectivity, this does not seem to be the case. Many topics, however, are necessarily entailed in this investigation such as individuality and universality, soul and body, consciousness and action, substance and history, the self and the other, the metaphysical and the phenomenological, and experience and the ethical. At the end of this study we arrive at more than a grammatical use of the "I." From reflection on the contributions of Plotinus, Augustine, Aquinas, and Wojtyla, the ontological role of the "I" is identified. In doing so, one realizes that the ontological does not forsake the concrete, but penetrates it more deeply. Indeed, that was what Plotinian philosophy claimed to be doing: recognizing the richness of human reality.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Fiona Holland ◽  
Karin Peterson ◽  
Stephanie Archer

This study explores the lived experiences of non-dieting, middle-aged Western women classified as ‘overweight’ or ‘obese’ on BMI charts. Qualitative research that has focused on non-weight loss experiences with this population has been rare. Four women from aged 40-55 were interviewed about their early messages and experiences around food, body, health and weight. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted. Three themes were identified: 1) family culture and body norms 2) thresholds of size and 3) action and outcome. Participants identified a range of influences upon their early body appraisal, with parents, extended family, peers and community members contributing to their understanding of what constituted as an acceptable size. The impact upon their sense of identity and emotional wellbeing is discussed. This study contributes to the role of the modelling and messages around size and value given by important others and the psychological ramifications these can have over time.


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