Survival of the Fittest Protection of Indigenous Knowledge

This chapter reflects on numerous protections that are available for indigenous knowledge from those who misappropriate it for personal aggrandizement without regard of the holders of the knowledge. The chapter is underpinned on the Afrocentricity and Sankofa theories. A socio-legal methodology was adopted to ground the work to enable students studying indigenous knowledge systems to have a foundation and be able to follow the interdisciplinarity in the writing. As such, a doctrinal approach and qualitative design were engaged to buttress the philosophical reasoning and capture the rich and unrecorded knowledge of inorganic intellectuals. The chapter's standpoint is that the protection of indigenous knowledge requires African-tailored legislation that resonates with indigenous communities' beliefs and are pragmatic yet innovative to bring benefit sharing. In pursuing this, a normative legal framework that could be utilised in the protection of indigenous knowledge is explored.

THE REALIZATIONS OF VIOLATION MAXIMS BY MAIN CHARACTERS IN KELUARGA BETI COMEDY SERIES

This study deals with the realizations of violation maxims of main characters in Keluarga Beti comedy series. The objectives of the study were to describe realization of violation maxims used by main characters in Keluarga Beti comedy series. This research was conducted by qualitative design. The data were sentences of main characters which were violated. The data source of this research was taken from Keluarga Beti comedy series that was obtained from the video on YouTube. The finding of the data showed eleven realizations of violation maxim of main characters in Keluarga Beti comedy series as understating, overstating, using tautologies, contradiction, using irony, give hints, give association clues, be ambiguous, overgeneralize, and overstating and be ambiguous. The most dominant realization of violation maxim was being ambiguous. The less dominant realized of main characters in Keluarga Beti comedy series were understating and give association clues. The absence of the realizations of main characters in Keluarga Beti comedy series were metaphor, presuppose, and be vague. The researcher also found other realizations were unrelated statement and combination of overstating and be ambiguous. Keywords:Violation Maxims, Main Characters, Comedy, Keluarga Beti Comedy Series.

The Relevance of Islamic Economics and Finance Fundamentals to the Contemporary Economy: Islamic Economist Perceptions

There have been some studies related to the fundamental values of Islamic economics and finance. However, not many studies directly examine the relevance of the fundamental values of Islamic economics and finance to the modern contemporary economy. This study intends to examine the perception of Islamic economists on the relevance of the fundamental values of Islamic economics and finance to the contemporary economy. This research was conducted with a qualitative design by conducting a structured survey and in-depth interviews with 61 participants. Data analysis used in this research is collected from surveys and interviews from several sources and analyzed by qualitative descriptive method. The findings show that the Islamic economists perceived that the Islamic economics and finance fundamental values are relevant to contemporary modern economic conditions. The values are also considered better in overcoming economic and financial problems, thus achieving Islamic goals of public prosperity. The results also reveal the need for more vigorous efforts in promoting Islamic economics and finance fundamental values.==========================================================================================================ABSTRAK – Relevansi Fondasi Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam dengan Ekonomi Kontemporer: Persepsi Ekonom Islam. Kajian-kajian terkait dengan nilai-nilai dasar ekonomi dan keuangan Islam telah banyak dijumpai dalam literatur. Namun, tidak banyak penelitian yang secara langsung mengkaji relevansi nilai-nilai fundamental ekonomi dan keuangan Islam dalam tataran ekonomi kontemporer. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji persepsi ekonom Islam terhadap relevansi aspek fundamental ekonomi dan keuangan Islam dalam terhadap ekonomi kontemporer. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dimana data-data didapat dengan cara survei terstruktur dan wawancara mendalam dengan 61 peserta. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa para ekonom Islam menganggap bahwa nilai-nilai fundamental ekonomi dan keuangan Islam relevan dengan kondisi ekonomi kontemporer. Nilai-nilai tersebut juga dianggap lebih baik dalam mengatasi masalah ekonomi dan keuangan kontemporer, sehingga mencapai tujuan syariah untuk kesejahteraan umat. Hasil kajian juga mengungkapkan tentang pentingnya upaya yang lebih gencar dalam mempromosikan nilai-nilai fundamental ekonomi dan keuangan Islam.

Critical Reading for Self-Critical Writing

This study aims at exploring students’ critical reading strategies and explaining how their critical reading encounters critical writing. It is due to students were lack of confidence in their ability to challenge the arguments and evidence put forward by respected academics author. The qualitative design was established by Gay and Airasian (2012) by delivering open and closed ended questions through Google forms and analyzing corpus based on students’ proposal text. Then, it had been analyzed by using cyclical steps; reading, describing, clarifying and interpreting. Based on the data, firstly, it has been revealed that students’ critical reading strategies mostly established are making connections, contextualizing and making applications and identifying problems and creating annotations. Students were rarely to challenge author’s assumptions, translate ideas into visuals and evaluate arguments. Secondly, their reading activity also reflected their critical reading, in other words, students state their purpose of writing, define key terms, and manage references on their work. Based on this, it can be figured out that students’ critical writing were relied on superficial argument development and format-based writing which performed a shallow writing.

The threat of lingua globalization towards vernaculars in South Sulawesi

Indonesia seems to face the crisis of local language, especially in urbanization. The emergence of English as a lingua franca is undeniable to decrease the existence of vernaculars. The research aims to reveal the reason for urbanization giving the biggest impact on the Indonesian’s local language in South Sulawesi and how to maintain the use of local language is facing extinction in this century. This study applied a descriptive qualitative design by interviewing three subjects. They are lecturers and students. The interview result showed that globalization is one of the plagues that had the impact on vernaculars becoming threatened in this present day, influenced people to obey their vernaculars, and also affected the youths’ psychological order and their perception. It is due to the significant use of international or national language and the less effort from the government in maintaining the vernaculars, particularly in South Sulawesi. One suggestion can be proposed that local content needs to be involved in the Education sector e.g., intensifying vernacular use in school and family, and sustainably promoting cultural heritage to attract the society.

Majalah Ahkam Johor: Sumbangannya dalam Perkembangan Islam di Johor pada Akhir Abad ke 19

The Majallah al-Aḥkām al-‘Adliyyah belongs to the Ottoman Empire has been introduced in Johor, Malaysia during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876-1908). The book was brought to the Johor Government in 1893 during the reign of Johor’s Sultan Abu Bakar (1862-1895) in its Arabic language and it was translated later into Malay language and Jawi script during the reign of Sultan Ibrahim (1895-1959) in 1913. The translation was done by the Mufti of Johor and it is known as the Majalah Ahkam Johor. The book is a legal reference comprises the civil matters of muamalat, for example sale and purchase, rent and hibah, besides of containing court proceedings too. There are previous studies which affirmed that the Majalah Ahkam Johor was rarely used as a reference in court due to the expansion of colonial British in Malaya. The objective of this paper is to discuss and analyse the challenges of the use of the book in Johor and the obstacles in it’s implementation. The methodology of this study is based on qualitative design with historical research approach and document analysis from primary and contemporary data. The findings of this study shows that the use of the Majalah Ahkam Johor at the court level faced obstacles due to the British administration policy of interfering with the state legal and judicial system. Furthermore, the introduction of British law led to the abandonment of the use of Majalah Ahkam Johor as a reference on Islamic matters in Johor.

PERAN MARKETING PUBLIC RELATIONS DALAM MERAWAT DAN MEMPERTAHANKAN LOYALITAS DONATUR INFAQ

The Mojokerto City Infaq Development Institute (LPI) is a non-profit organization that manages zakat, infaq, and sadaqah funds. During competition between similar institutions, they compete to be more active and creative in designing donor-attraction strategies. Because it focuses on marketing activities, delivering products to donors, fostering trust, and maintaining good relations of donors, the marketing corporate communications strategy is important choice for donors' best interest. This is a qualitative design with a qualitative approach. According to the discussion on the subject, the application of marketing public relations strategy at LPI Mojokerto City also include promotion, advertising, creating an innovation, event, and sponsorship; public relations marketing strategy plays an important role in maintaining and maintaining donor loyalty, as evidenced by data on the increase in the number of regular donors every year.Keywords : Infaq Development Institute, Strategy, Marketing, Marketing Public Relations, Donor Loyalty

A PROPOSED TRAINING PROGRAM TO DEVELOP SELF-DEVELOPMENT FOR ARAB SCHOOL PRINCIPALS WITHIN THE GREEN LINE

The study aimed to propose training program to develop self-development for Arab school principals within The Green Line. To achieve the purpose of the study, a qualitative design based on content analysis was used. The results of the study indicated that the proposed training program focuses on self-development for Arab school principals by focusing on the aspects and skills related to self-development, which would positively enhance principals' ability to interact positively with different situations; providing them with experience and knowledge about professional aspects; enhancing their sensitivity to problems; developing decision-making skills, increasing their flexibility in dealing with situations, circumstances and crises‎.

The Meaning of Critical Illness for People Suffering From COVID-19: When a Frightening Unreality Becomes Reality

The aim of this study was to elucidate the meaning of critical illness for people with COVID-19. This study used a qualitative design. Thirteen people who were critically ill with COVID-19 during 2020 and admitted to a COVID-19 intensive care unit in northern Sweden participated in the study. Data collection was conducted as individual interviews with a narrative approach, and data were analyzed with phenomenological hermeneutic interpretation. The participants did not think they would get critically ill with this unexpected illness. They experienced terrible nightmares where their relatives had been killed, and they missed their relatives both in their dreams and in reality, as they had not been allowed to be with them due to the virus. Gratefulness was described for surviving. Participants described thoughts of not being able to imagine going through this again. They felt fear and loneliness, as a terrifying unreality had become a reality.

ONLINE LOANS THROUGH SMART CREDIT APPLICATION; A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISLAMIC LAW AND POSITIVE LAW

This article aimed to describe and analyze the comparison of the two laws, namely Islamic Law and Positive Law, regarding online loans in the Smart Credit application. This study was a literature study using a qualitative design that was the basis for library research by exploring the postulates of Islamic law and articles of positive law that were directly related to the object studied and analyzing and concluding the comparison of the two laws. The results of this study indicated that the legal requirements for online loans in the Smart Credit application was based on the provisions of Islamic Law and Civil Code. In addition, according to Islamic Law and Positive Law, the online loan mechanism through the Smart Credit application had differences, including in Islamic Law allowing online loans. However, if the loans process used usury or interest, Islamic law forbade the lender. While the Positive Law, in this case, was contained in Article 1320 of the Civil Code, which explained that if a lender has agreed to the process of terms and conditions that the Smart Credit application has made and has bound himself in the applicable provisions, whether a loan that was known to have an interest or a delay in paying would be given a fine, then the loans process was legal in the eyes of the law. This was because they have tied themselves to the online loan process, the Smart Credit application. This study implies that online loans are allowed to be used by the public. However, people must remain careful in using online loan applications that lend funds because the interest from lending these funds is very high and will result in very large losses.