scholarly journals Transdisciplinarni pristup u razmatranju odnosa znanost — teologija

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-412
Author(s):  
Krešimir Cerovac
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Material World ◽  
Theology And Science ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Modes Of Thought

There are many reasons why a partnership dialogue between theology (religion) and the natural sciences is needed. However, first and foremost this must be a conversation between one human being and another regarding the most important of human interests. The most effective way to approach complex issues and problems in the dialogue between theology and science is the transdisciplinary approach. Transdisciplinarity can solve prob lems which cannot be resolved by separate attempts. This approach can connect different modes of thought, that is, thought beginning with different points of view on the material world or religion. The transdisciplinary approach takes on the role of mediator, which demands at the “round table” that which unites human beings on a universal human level. This is a new, challenging and demanding approach which requires researchers to leave their own field of interest and strive to learn about other fields. The transdisciplinary approach, as “critical rationality” and a new way of thinking, opposed to classical and reductive rationalism, emphasizing objectivity, is based on controlled conflict–induced paradoxes. Transdisciplinarity creates a new quality — which is not an arithmetic sum of individual disciplines — and enables articulation, i.e. a link between two, at first glance, controversial disciplinary modes of thought.

Pragmatic Humanism and the Posthumanist Challenge: Between Biocentrism and the New Human Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Ana Honnacker
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
William James ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Political Agency ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Human Potentials

Humanism is charged with fostering a harmful anthropocentrism that has led to the exploitation of non-human beings and the environment. Posthumanist and transhumanist ideas prominently aim at rethinking our self-understanding and human-nature relations. Yet these approaches turn out to be flawed when it comes to addressing the challenges of the “age of the humanity”, the Anthropocene. Whereas posthumanism fails in acknowledging the exceptional role of human beings with regard to political agency and responsibility, transhumanism overemphasizes human capabilities of controlling nature and only deepens the human-nature dualism. Therefore, a critical and humble version of humanism is suggested as a viable alternative. Drawing on pragmatist thinkers William James and F.C.S. Schiller, a resource for de-centering the human being is provided that critically reflects our role in the larger ecosystem and underlines human potentials as well as human responsibilities.

ROLE OF WAR IN SOCIAL LIFE. PART I - WAR IN PRE-MODERN HISTORICAL THOUGHT

2012 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Janusz ŚWINIARSKI ◽  
Marian MARCINKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Historical Thought

At the beginning the authors present two opposing trends related to the understanding of the nature and the role of war in society: first, that these phenomena are embedded in the nature of human beings and humanity (which means that without war there is no human being, culture and civilization, its life, society or state, so war is natural and necessary for life); second, war is not embedded in human nature, is a distortion in community life and relations between people; this means that if wars occur, they show the degradation of human beings and society. These trends are observed in the eternal debate on war and the authors show numerous examples in which war is perceived in this way.

scholarly journals Is religious fundamentalism our default spirituality?: Implications for teacher education

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand J. Potgieter ◽  
Johannes L. Van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
Religious Fundamentalist ◽  
The Moment

Using experiential interpretivism as underpinning methodology, this article investigates whether religious fundamentalism is the default spirituality of human beings. Our research is based on a hermeneutic reconstructive interpretation of religion, fundamentalism, radicalism, extremism, spirituality, life- and worldview, and the role of education in bringing about peaceful coexistence amongst people. We concluded that the natural religious-fundamentalist inclination of the human being tends to be (and needs to be) counterbalanced by the education – that is, socialisation – that he or she receives from the moment of birth, the important first six or seven years of life, and throughout his or her life. Based on this conclusion, the article ends with the articulation of ten implications for teacher education.

scholarly journals Psychology of Sustainable Development: Challenges and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Dmitry Sergeevich Ermakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

Today the task of practical implementation of sustainable development has become even more important than three decades ago, when the corresponding concept was formulated. The coronavirus pandemic, which caused natural avalanche of negative consequences in the economy and society at the global, national, local, and individual levels, is just one of the tragic evidences of this. Initially, the term “sustainability” was put forward in natural sciences, but it is currently used in a wider context, which leads to misunderstanding. In this regard, the important role of the humanities, particularly psychology, is difficult to overestimate. The article is devoted to the review of problems and prospects in the field of psychology of sustainable development as a new and very relevant scientific area. The study presents the results of scientometric analysis of dissertational studies on this topic conducted in the USSR / Russian Federation from 1987 to 2019. It has been established that the vast majority of them was done in economic sciences (85.4%), and only a few in the field of psychology (0.5%). The content of the main, critical and alternative domestic and foreign discourse in the field of sustainable development has been disclosed. Methodological approaches, i.e. phenomenological, metacentric, ecopsychological have been described; they can serve as the basis for the psychology of sustainable development. In general, sustainable development is a dynamic process, the study of which includes many academic subjects and points of view and is constantly transformed as scientific knowledge, including psychological knowledge, develops.

scholarly journals PERWUJUDAN NILAI MORALITAS DALAM PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN 2019 YANG DEMOKRATIS DAN BERKEADILAN

Ijlil ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Dimas Bima Setiyawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
Election System ◽  
Role Of Religion

Moral is an ethic inherent ain a human being. Formed trough verous diverse events that have been passed, one of wich is  trough  the  role  of  religion.  The  importance  of  the  role  is broken  down  in  the  form  of  behavior  of  each  individual  in response  to  everything  that  is  present  in  his  life.  Religion  was reveald  for  justice,  morality,  mutual  respect,  and  called  for creating  a  peaceful  order  of  live  among  fellow  human  beings. The  importance  of  promoting  morality  based  on  religion  will greatly  affect  the  pattern  of  life  carried  out  by  every  human being.   one   of   them   is   responding   to   the   upcoming   2019 preidential  election.  The  values  contained  in  it  will  certainly influence  the  realization  of  the  five-year  event  to  realize  a democratic and justice election system.

scholarly journals Explaining multistability: postphenomenology and affordances of technologies

AI & Society ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas de Boer
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Material Structure ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Affordance Theory ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
Technological Artifacts ◽  
The Stability

AbstractA central issue in postphenomenology is how to explain the multistability of technologies: how can it be that specific technologies can be used for a wide variety of purposes (the “multi”), while not for all purposes (the “stability”)? For example, a table can be used for the purpose of sleeping, having dinner at, or even for staging a fencing match, but not for baking a cake. One explanation offered in the literature is that the (material) design of a technology puts constraints on the purposes for which technologies can be used. In this paper, I argue that such an explanation—while partly correct—fails to address the role of the environment in which human beings operate in putting constraints on technology use. I suggest that James Gibson’s affordance theory helps highlighting how stabilities in technology use arise in the interaction between human being and environment. Building on more recent approaches in affordance theory, I suggest that the environment can be conceptualized as a “rich landscape of affordances” that solicits certain actions, which are not just cued by the environment’s material structure, but also by the normativity present in the form of life in which a human being participates. I briefly contrast the approach to affordances developed in this paper with how Klenk (2020) and Tollon (2021) have conceptualized the “affordance character” of technological artifacts, and highlight how a focus on the situated nature of affordances augments these earlier conceptualizations.

Critical Theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-82
Author(s):  
Derya Guler Aydin ◽  
Itir Ozer-Imer
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
Intentional Behavior ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Historical Developments

Based on the historical developments in the philosophy of science, it can be claimed that the method of social sciences is mainly dominated by the method of the natural sciences. Social sciences, especially, economics have been affected by the method of physics. From a critical viewpoint, this study aims to scrutinize the method of social sciences by taking into account the concept of devaluation of human beings. The study puts forward that mainstream economics devalue human being at the level of its methodology by excluding the real creator of value from the analyses and by disregarding social and historical factors. The study demonstrates that by taking into consideration the neglected cultural, political and historical factors in addition to the economic ones, the critical theory includes human being and his/her values in the analyses, and hence, it unifies scientific knowledge with human behavior, which is the intentional behavior behind all economic decisions.

From Glory to Glory

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-169
Author(s):  
Sean P. Robertson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Imago Dei ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
De Trinitate ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Devil ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
The Invisible

This article argues that, in De Trinitate, Augustine’s ascent to God via a search for the Trinity is successful precisely because of the emphasis he places on the role of Christ in such an ascent. Unlike scholarship which reads this ascent as an exercise in Neoplatonism—whether as a success or as an intentional failure—this article asserts that Augustine successfully discovers an imago trinitatis in human beings by identifying the essential mediation of the temporal and eternal in the person of the Incarnate Word. Of the work’s fifteen books, Books 4 and 13 focus extensively on the soteriological and epistemological role of Christ, who, in his humility, conquered the pride of the devil and reopened humanity’s way to eternity. The Christology in these books plays an important role in Augustine’s argument by allowing his ascent to move from self-knowledge to contemplation of God. Indeed, it is his understanding of the Christological perfection of the imago dei which allows Augustine to discover a genuine imago trinitatis in human beings. For Augustine, the imago is observable in humanity to the extent that an individual is conformed to Christ, the perfect image of the invisible God. Thus, it is only through Christ that a human being can successfully contemplate the Trinity in this imago.

The End of Building: Zionism and the Politics of the Concrete

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyal Chowers
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Material World ◽  
Critical Thought ◽  
National Movement ◽  
Democratic Polity ◽  
Different Levels

The article reflects on the place of building (both as an activity and as an object) in modern, organic nationalism. In particular, it studies the role of building in the movement that epitomizes the Promethean aspect of modernity—Zionism. In this Jewish national movement metaphors ofbuilding are used very often to connote belonging on three different levels: in the material world produced by human beings, in a historically meaningful and humanized space, and in a community of constructors that willfully reshapes both space and matter. But by conceptualizing their collective project as a building, and by envisioning themselves as builders, many Zionists espoused a problematic understanding of democratic politics: the practical skills required by builders do not foster the critical thought, independence, and moral judgment required of the citizen, and the nonverbal solidarity among builders is essentially different from the solidarity required by a plurality of citizens. In other words, the ethos of builders that was essential for establishing a commonwealth from scratch is fundamentally at odds with the ethos required from an ongoing, democratic polity.

scholarly journals UN VIAJE A TRAVÉS DEL WAṢL Y EL FAṢL. MUJER Y SEXUALIDAD EN EL PENSAMIENTO DE IBN ῾ARABĪ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Youssry
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Divine Presence ◽  
Ibn Arabi ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Mode Of Being ◽  
Made In

Resumen: El ser humano está en continua búsqueda de un lugar y una orientación dentro de un mundo que, supuestamente, es su morada. Este ha sido designado por Dios como Su vicerregente (jalīfa), es decir, su representante en la Tierra. Este artículo aborda la concepción de la mujer y la realización del papel de vicerregente por medio de la participación en la relación sexual dentro del marco del matrimonio, como un modo particular de ser, y como actividad física y metafísica necesaria para la existencia humana que posibilita a los seres humanos alcanzar la proximidad con la Presencia Divina. Para ello, se investigará la discusión planteada por Ibn ῾Arabī en su Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam en la que se analiza el dicho profético “Se me han hecho amar tres cosas en este mundo: las mujeres, el perfume y la oración como solaz de los ojos". Abstract: The human being is in a constant struggle to find a place, an orientation for him/herself within a world that is supposedly an abode. He/she was assigned by God to be a vicegerent (khalīfa), a representative of Him on earth. This paper aims to tackle the conception of women and the fulfillment of the role of a vicegerent through human participation in sexual intercourse within the framework of marriage as a particular mode of being, and as recurring physical and metaphysical activity pertinent to human existence which could allow human beings to rise to the proximity of the Divine presence. This will be accomplished through investigating; Ibn ʿArabī’s discussion of those activities in his book Fuṣūṣ al-Ḫikam, where he analyzes the prophetic saying: “Three things were made beloved to me in this world of yours: women, perfume and the solace of my eye was made in prayer”.

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