Mindfulness-Based Interventions in the Treatment of Physical Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav Goyal ◽  
Heather L. Rusch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Irritable Bowel

This chapter reviews the evidence for mindfulness-based therapies in the treatment of physical conditions. We reviewed the literature for numerous conditions including pain, cancer, blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, sexual function, insomnia, substance use, and immune function. There is moderate evidence that mindfulness-based therapies improve symptoms of pain in general, and low back pain in particular. There is preliminary evidence that mindfulness-based therapies improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, some aspects of heart disease, sexual function, susceptibility to colds, and reduce Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a transcription factor thought to play a role in promoting inflammation.

scholarly journals Modulation of inflammation by toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (69) ◽  
pp. 113957-113965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing He ◽  
Li-Hong Cui ◽  
Xiao-Hui Wang ◽  
Zhi-Hui Yan ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Activation of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) in diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A641
Author(s):  
Maria A. O'Sullivan ◽  
Nick Clayton ◽  
Mick Hurle ◽  
C Bountra ◽  
Martin Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kb

scholarly journals Scutellarin Attenuates Hypertension-Induced Expression of Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4/Nuclear Factor Kappa B

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingyong Chen ◽  
Xiaogeng Shi ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Huixin Lei ◽  
Simei Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators

Hypertension is associated with low-grade inflammation, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been shown to be linked to the development and maintenance of hypertension. This study aimed to investigate the effects of scutellarin (administered by oral gavage daily for 2 weeks) on brain TLR4/nuclear factor kappa B-(NF-κB-) mediated inflammation and blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive (using the 2-kidney, 2-clip method) rats. Immunofluorescence and western immunoblot analyses revealed that hypertension contributed to the activation of TLR4 and NF-κB, accompanied by significantly enhanced expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and interleukin-18 (IL-18). Furthermore, expression of the antiapoptotic protein, myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl1), was decreased, and the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax and cleavedcaspase-3 p17 were increased in combined cerebral cortical/striatal soluble lysates. Scutellarin significantly lowered blood pressure and attenuated the number of activated microglia and macrophages in brains of hypertensive rats. Furthermore, scutellarin significantly reduced the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 p17, and increased the expression of Mcl1. Overall, these results revealed that scutellarin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties and decreases blood pressure in hypertensive rats. Therefore, scutellarin may be a potential therapeutic agent in hypertension-associated diseases.

Viscerosensory-cardiovascular reflexes: altered baroreflex sensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (4) ◽  
pp. R970-R976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick P. J. van der Veek ◽  
Cees A. Swenne ◽  
Hedde van de Vooren ◽  
Annelies L. Schoneveld ◽  
Roberto Maestri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflexes ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Rectal Balloon ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cardiovascular Reflex ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Intense Stimulation

Animal studies have demonstrated that visceral afferent stimulation alters autonomic cardiovascular reflexes. This mechanism might play an important role in the pathophysiology of conditions associated with visceral hypersensitivity, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). As such, studies in humans are lacking, we measured viscerosensory-cardiovascular reflex interactions in IBS patients and healthy controls. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), and arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were studied in 87 IBS patients and 36 healthy controls under baseline conditions and during mild (15 mmHg) and intense (35 mmHg) visceral stimulation by rectal balloon distension. BRS was computed from continuous ECG and arterial blood pressure signals (Finapres-method) during 5-min periods of 15-min metronome respiration. Baseline SBP and HR were not different between patients and controls. In both groups, SBP increased similarly during rectal stimulation, whereas HR decreased during mild and increased intense stimulation. BRS was significantly higher in patients compared with controls at baseline (7.9 ± 5.4 vs. 5.7 ± 3.7 ms/mmHg, P = 0.03) and increased significantly in both groups during mild stimulation. This increase persisted in controls during intense stimulation, but BRS returned to baseline in patients. BRS was not significantly different between groups during rectal distension. This study demonstrates the presence of a viscerosensory-cardiovascular reflex in healthy individuals and in IBS patients. The increased BRS in IBS patients at baseline may either be a training-effect (frequent challenging of the reflex) or reflects altered viscerosensory processing at the nucleus tractus solitarii.

Psychosomatic Patients in a Psychiatric Clinic

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh K. Chaturvedi ◽  
Albert Michael
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Psychosomatic Disorders ◽  
Urban Background ◽  
Psychosomatic Problems ◽  
Irritable Bowel

This study reports lifetime prevalence of certain “psychosomatic disorders” in psychiatric patients in India. The “psychosomatic disorders” studied were peptic ulcer, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, ischemic heart disease and irritable bowel syndrome. One percent of psychiatric patients had these psychosomatic illnesses. Ten of the fifteen cases had two psychosomatic illnesses. Patients with psychosomatic disorders were significantly more often older in age ( p = 0.003) and from an urban background ( p = 0.05) as compared to other psychiatric patients. Depression was the commonest diagnosis, and was significantly ( p = 0.01) more often diagnosed in the psychosomatic patients. Psychosis was not diagnosed in patients with psychosomatic disorders. This article emphasizes the need for identifying concomitant psychosomatic problems in psychiatric patients for their appropriate management.

Activation of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) in diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A641-A641
Author(s):  
M OSULLIVAN ◽  
N CLAYTON ◽  
M HURLE ◽  
C BOUNTRA ◽  
M BUCKLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kb

scholarly journals Psychological, physical, and sleep comorbidities and functional impairment in irritable bowel syndrome: Results from a national survey of U.S. adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245323
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Grover ◽  
Bhanu Prakash Kolla ◽  
Rahul Pamarthy ◽  
Meghna P. Mansukhani ◽  
Margaret Breen-Lyles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Role Impairment

Background/Aims Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in referral practice commonly report mental disorders and functional impairment. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of mental, physical and sleep-related comorbidities in a nationally representative sample of IBS patients and their impact on functional impairment. Methods IBS was defined by modified Rome Criteria based on responses to the chronic conditions section of the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication. Associations between IBS and mental, physical and sleep disorders and 30-day functional impairment were examined using logistic regression models. Results Of 5,650 eligible responders, 186 met criteria for IBS {weighted prevalence 2.5% (SE = 0.3)}. Age >60 years was associated with decreased odds (OR = 0.3; 95% CI:.1-.6); low family income (OR = 2.4; 95% CI:1.2–4.9) and unemployed status (OR = 2.3; 95% CI:1.2–4.2) were associated with increased odds of IBS. IBS was significantly associated with anxiety, behavior, mood disorders (ORs 1.8–2.4), but not eating or substance use disorders. Among physical conditions, IBS was associated with increased odds of headache, chronic pain, diabetes mellitus and both insomnia and hypersomnolence related symptoms (ORs 1.9–4.0). While the association between IBS and patients’ role impairment persisted after adjusting for mental disorders (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.5–3.7), associations with impairment in self-care, cognition, and social interaction in unadjusted models (ORs 2.5–4.2) were no longer significant after adjustment for mental disorders. Conclusion IBS is associated with socioeconomic disadvantage, comorbidity with mood, anxiety and sleep disorders, and role impairment. Other aspects of functional impairment appear to be moderated by presence of comorbid mental disorders.

Case 2.5

2014 ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Signal Dropout ◽  
T2 Weighted Images

69-year-old woman with irritable bowel syndrome and new low back pain; CT showed multiple hepatic lesions suspicious for metastases Axial T1-weighted IP and OP 2D SPGR images (Figure 2.5.1) demonstrate multiple rounded masses, with peripheral halos of signal dropout seen on only the OP images. Axial fat-suppressed, T2-weighted images (...

Motor and sensory function of the rectum in different types of irritable bowel syndrome

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A399-A399
Author(s):  
J STEENS ◽  
P SCHAAR ◽  
C LAMERS ◽  
A MASCLEE
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Irritable Bowel
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