Psychological, physical, and sleep comorbidities and functional impairment in irritable bowel syndrome: Results from a national survey of U.S. adults

Background/Aims Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in referral practice commonly report mental disorders and functional impairment. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of mental, physical and sleep-related comorbidities in a nationally representative sample of IBS patients and their impact on functional impairment. Methods IBS was defined by modified Rome Criteria based on responses to the chronic conditions section of the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication. Associations between IBS and mental, physical and sleep disorders and 30-day functional impairment were examined using logistic regression models. Results Of 5,650 eligible responders, 186 met criteria for IBS {weighted prevalence 2.5% (SE = 0.3)}. Age >60 years was associated with decreased odds (OR = 0.3; 95% CI:.1-.6); low family income (OR = 2.4; 95% CI:1.2–4.9) and unemployed status (OR = 2.3; 95% CI:1.2–4.2) were associated with increased odds of IBS. IBS was significantly associated with anxiety, behavior, mood disorders (ORs 1.8–2.4), but not eating or substance use disorders. Among physical conditions, IBS was associated with increased odds of headache, chronic pain, diabetes mellitus and both insomnia and hypersomnolence related symptoms (ORs 1.9–4.0). While the association between IBS and patients’ role impairment persisted after adjusting for mental disorders (OR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.5–3.7), associations with impairment in self-care, cognition, and social interaction in unadjusted models (ORs 2.5–4.2) were no longer significant after adjustment for mental disorders. Conclusion IBS is associated with socioeconomic disadvantage, comorbidity with mood, anxiety and sleep disorders, and role impairment. Other aspects of functional impairment appear to be moderated by presence of comorbid mental disorders.

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Risks of Major Mental Disorders and Irritable Bowel Syndrome among the Offspring of Parents with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Nationwide Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4679

Author(s):

Ta-Chuan Yeh ◽

Ya-Mei Bai ◽

Shih-Jen Tsai ◽

Tzeng-Ji Chen ◽

Chih-Sung Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Early Implementation ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder that is highly comorbid with mental disorders. However, few studies have examined the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia in the offspring of parents with IBS. We used nationally representative cross-sectional survey data to analyze cross-generational transmission patterns of both IBS and major mental disorders. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated by using logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Offspring of parents with IBS were more likely to develop IBS themselves (OR = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.09–2.78), ADHD (OR = 1.33, 95% CI, 1.08–1.62), and MDD (OR = 1.32, 95% CI, 1.04–1.68) than the controls. Data stratification by parental sex revealed that paternal IBS increased risk of ADHD (OR = 1.34, 95% CI, 1.01–1.77) in the offspring, while maternal IBS increased the risk of MDD (OR = 1.51, 95% CI, 1.11–2.06). This is the first study to reveal parental IBS is associated with IBS, ADHD, and MDD among offspring, suggesting the necessity for early implementation of prevention strategies for at-risk children.

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Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, and Mono-Saccharides and Polyols (FODMAPs) Consumption and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in the French NutriNet-Santé Cohort

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13124513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4513

Author(s):

Elodie Schneider ◽

Jean-Marc Sabaté ◽

Michel Bouchoucha ◽

Serge Hercberg ◽

Mathilde Touvier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

The Mean ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Composition Table

(1) Background: Specific foods, and more particularly, fermentable oligo-, di-, and mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) are often considered as triggers of digestive symptoms in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Our aim was to study FODMAP consumption in controls and IBS participants in a large French population-based cohort; (2) Methods: Participants from the NutriNet-Santé cohort study completed the Rome IV and IBS-SSS questionnaire in a cross sectional study. Among them, 27,949 eligible participants had previously completed three 24-h recalls as well as anthropometrics, socio-demographical and lifestyle data. Total FODMAP intake (in g/day) was computed using a specific composition table. The association between FODMAPs and IBS was estimated through multivariable logistic regression models; (3) Results: Included participants were mainly women (75.4%) and the mean age was 43.4 ± 14.1 years. FODMAPs accounted for a mean daily intake of 19.4 ± 9.5 g/day. Overall 1295 participants (4.6%) were identified with an IBS. After adjusting for confounding factors, IBS participants had lower intakes in FODMAPs than non-IBS ones (aOR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82–0.95, p-value: 0.001). IBS severity was associated with more frequent low FODMAP intakes (<9 g/day); (4) Conclusions: Participants tended to consume 19 g of FODMAPs per day, but slightly less for IBS participants than for controls. In IBS participants, higher severity was associated with lower intakes.

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THE EXPERIENCE OF ТНЕ APPLICATION OF PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES IN THE TREATMENT OF BORDERLINE MENTAL DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME

Theoretical & Applied Science ◽

10.15863/tas.2016.10.42.17 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (10) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Vladimir Igorevich Esaulov ◽

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Psychotherapeutic Techniques ◽

Irritable Bowel

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Dynamics of Somatic and Comorbid Mental Disorders (Distress, Anxiety, Somatisation and Depression) in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome during Therapy with Alimemazine: Results of an Non-Interventional Observational Programme (“Terra”)

Russian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology Coloproctology ◽

10.22416/1382-4376-2018-28-6-38-50 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 38-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V. T. Ivashkin ◽

O. Z. Okhlobystina ◽

M. V. Mayevskaya ◽

O. S. Shifrin ◽

Z. A. Mamieva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Abdominal Distension ◽

Symptomatic Treatment ◽

Open Label ◽

Postprandial Fullness ◽

Distress Symptoms ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Comorbid Mental Disorders

Aim.This study is aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of alimemazine (Teraligen®) therapy in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) associated with comorbid mental disorders (distress, anxiety, somatisation and depression).Materials and methods.During an open-label, non-comparative and non-interventional study, 60 patients diagnosed with the K58 (K 58.0, K58.9) irritable bowel syndrome were observed (12 men and 48 women, average age 39.6 ± 11.1 years) and treated with Teraligen® (alimemazine) with a gradual dose increase from 2.5 to 15 mg per day against the background of the standard symptomatic treatment used for such states. The observational study lasted for 4 weeks. The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) was used to assess the dynamics and effectiveness of the treatment in terms of the patients’ mental state, while the “7 symptoms per 7 days” (“7 × 7”) questionnaire was used to assess the dynamics of IBS symptoms and concomitant functional dyspepsia (FD). Both questionnaires were offered to the patients three times: before the start of the treatment and following 2 and 4 weeks of the therapy.Results.Teraligen therapy along with the standard symptomatic treatment has shown a significant positive dynamics of the patients’ state due to the reduction of such symptoms, as pain and burning sensation in the epigastrium, postprandial fullness, early satiety, abdominal pain before defecation, abdominal distension, impaired frequency and quality of defecation. This is confirmed by a reliable and consistent decrease in the total scores of the “7 × 7” questionnaire, with the scores changing from 19.7 ± 7.1 to 11.6 ± 5.9 and 7.3 ± 5.6 before treatment, on the 14th day (p <0.0001) and on the 28th day of therapy (p <0.0001), respectively. The number of patients reporting no symptoms increased by 18.3 %, indicating a complete reduction of severe disorders. The proportion of patients with the minimal or mild severity of complaints increased by 36.7 % and 8.2 % (from 3.3 % to 40.0 % and from 11.8 % to 20.0 %), respectively. In addition, alimemazine treatment contributed to a statistically significant positive dynamics of the patients’ psychoemotional state. The average level of distress decreased from 14.9 ± 10.0 to 7.5 ± 6.2 (14th day) and to 4.4 ± 5.8 scores (28th day). The number of patients reporting no distress symptoms increased by 49.4 %, reaching 91.1 % (n = 51) on the 28th day of treatment. The mean level of depression decreased from 1.7 ± 2.7 to 0.5 ± 1.2 (14th day) and to 0.5 ± 1.6 (28th day), while the proportion of patients without depression increased by 17.9 % and reached 94.6 % (n = 53). The anxiety level was reduced from 6.0 ± 6.3 to 2.9 ± 4.3 (14th day) and to 1.5 ± 3.8 scores (28th day), and the proportion of patients without anxiety increased by 21.4 % reaching 96.4 % (n = 54) (28th day). The level of somatisation decreased from 13.5 ± 7.3 to 8.7 ± 5.6 (14th day) and to 5.1 ± 4.4 scores (28th day), and the proportion of patients without somatisation increased by 52.9 % and comprised 92.9 % (n = 52) (28th day) (according to the 4DSQ). Most of the patients tolerated alimemazine at a dose of 15 mg/day. In 15 patients, minor adverse reactions were observed; however, no cases of pronounced and severe side effects were recorded. In 4 patients, the treatment was cancelled due to increased drowsiness.Conclusion.It is shown that the application of alimemazine (Teraligen®) in patients with IBS and concomitant FD associated with comorbid mental disorders (distress, anxiety, somatisation and depression) reduces gastroenterological (somatic) and mental (affective, somatoform) symptoms, improves the patients’ state of health, thus being confirmed as effective and safe.

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Association between Self-Reported Gluten Avoidance and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Findings of the NutriNet-Santé Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13114147 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 4147

Author(s):

Anouk Reuzé ◽

Rosalie Delvert ◽

Laëtitia Perrin ◽

Robert Benamouzig ◽

Jean-Marc Sabaté ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Guidelines ◽

Dietary Interventions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Rome Iii ◽

Irritable Bowel

Self-management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is increasingly focusing on exclusion diets. In particular; patients are showing a significant interest in the gluten-free diet for the treatment of IBS. However; the lack of scientific evidence prevents the establishment of clear dietary guidelines and attention is needed as dietary restriction can lead to potentially adverse effects. This cross-sectional study aims to explore the practice of gluten avoidance in participants identified with IBS in a large cohort of non-celiac French adults. The population included 15,103 participants of the NutriNet-Santé study who completed a functional gastrointestinal disorder questionnaire based on the Rome III criteria to identify IBS in 2013 and a food avoidance questionnaire in 2016. Data on diet and anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare the avoidance of gluten between IBS and non-IBS participants. Participants were mainly women (73.4%) and the mean age in this population was 55.8 ± 13.2 years. Among these individuals, 804 (5.4%) participants were identified as IBS cases. Among them, the prevalence of gluten avoidance was estimated at 14.8%, of which 3.0% reported total avoidance; versus 8.8% and 1.6% in non-IBS participants. After adjustments; gluten avoidance was higher in IBS participants compared to their non-IBS counterparts: (OR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.21, 2.85) for total and (OR = 1.71; 95%CI = 1.36, 2.14) for partial avoidance. Participants identified with IBS were more associated with gluten avoidance than non-IBS participants. Further studies are needed to explore the long-term consequences of dietary interventions and to provide consistent dietary guidance connected to patient perception.

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Association between Arthritis and Migraine: A US Nationally Representative Study Including 2649 Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10020342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 342

Author(s):

Louis Jacob ◽

Jae Il Shin ◽

Guillermo F. López-Sánchez ◽

Josep Maria Haro ◽

Ai Koyanagi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Adult Population ◽

Sensitivity Analyses ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Representative Study ◽

The Us ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Large Representative

This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between arthritis and migraine in a large representative sample of the US adult population. The study used data from adults who participated in the RAND American Life Panel (ALP). Arthritis (excluding rheumatoid arthritis) and migraine were self-reported. Control variables included sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, education, employment, annual family income, stroke, epilepsy, coronary artery disease, asthma, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and alcohol dependence. The association between arthritis and migraine was investigated using multivariable logistic regression models, while sex and age interaction analyses were also conducted. This study included 2649 adults (51.7% women; mean (SD) age 50.6 (15.9 years). The prevalence of migraine was 10.7% in the sample. After adjusting for several potential confounders, there was a significant association between arthritis and migraine (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.20–2.81). Further sensitivity analyses revealed that the association was significant in women, adults aged ≤45 years, and those aged >65 years. The mere fact that arthritis and migraine may coexist is problematic, as this could lead to an important medical and economic burden. Therefore, strategies should be implemented to reduce the cooccurrence of these two chronic conditions.

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Mindfulness-Based Interventions in the Treatment of Physical Conditions

The Oxford Handbook of Meditation ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198808640.013.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Madhav Goyal ◽

Heather L. Rusch

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Sexual Function ◽

Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Low Back ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Irritable Bowel

This chapter reviews the evidence for mindfulness-based therapies in the treatment of physical conditions. We reviewed the literature for numerous conditions including pain, cancer, blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, lung disease, sexual function, insomnia, substance use, and immune function. There is moderate evidence that mindfulness-based therapies improve symptoms of pain in general, and low back pain in particular. There is preliminary evidence that mindfulness-based therapies improve symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, some aspects of heart disease, sexual function, susceptibility to colds, and reduce Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), a transcription factor thought to play a role in promoting inflammation.

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