Mature Works I (1924–1927)

Author(s):  
Gabrielle McIntire

Between 1924 and 1927 Woolf was at an apex of her career, publishing some of her best-known works, including Mrs Dalloway (1925), The Common Reader (1925), and To the Lighthouse (1927). She also wrote prolific letters, diary entries, short stories, and essays whose co-extensiveness with her major work remains to be fully scrutinized. This chapter considers some the connections, traces, and shared themes across these multiple genres of Woolf’s writing to argue that Woolf consistently emphasizes (1) literature as a vehicle of ethics that changes us as we read; (2) the necessity of breaking with formal literary conventions in order to render the ambivalences and uncertain ontological and psychological terrain of modernist ‘truth(s);’ (3) poetry as both the highest form of literary art and as way of being that traverses her characters; (4) a duty to render, despite her atheism, what she persistently calls ‘the soul’.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37-60
Author(s):  
Anna Sulimowicz

One of the addressees of the letters of Prof. Ananiasz Zajączkowski was Aleksander Mardkowicz (1875–1944), a notary from Lutsk, who was one of the most affluent Karaim activists of the inter-war period. As a young man he moved to Yekaterinoslav, where he worked in a notary’s practice. There he made his debut publishing a few poems in Russian in some literary magazines. After Poland gained its independence, in 1921 Mardkowicz returned to Lutsk, where he started to play an important role in the life of the local Karaim community as a member and, for a time, a president of the Board of the community. But the major focus of his work were literary and editorial activities. As there was a need for literature which would encourage Karaim readers to develop an interest in their own language, tradition and past, towards the end of the 1920s Mardkowicz struck upon the idea of creating a Karaim publishing house. In ten years between 1930 and 1939 he published 15 brochures (most of them written by himself): four short stories, four poems, a collection of religious songs, a calendar, a Karaim-Polish-German dictionary, a grammar of the south-western dialect (written by A. Zajączkowski) and three brochures in Polish on the history and traditions of the Karaims. “Karaj Awazy”, a magazine entirely in Karaim, whose twelve issues appeared between 1931 and 1939, can be regarded as his major work. It had an enormous impact on the cultural life of Karaim communities not only in Lutsk, but in Halicz and in Lithuania as well. The letters written by Zajączkowski to Mardkowicz between the summer of 1933 and the spring of 1939 show us some unknown aspects of the relations between the editors of two Karaim magazines appearing in the same time: “Myśl Karaimska” in Vilnius and “Karaj Awazy” in Luck.


Author(s):  
V. B. Tharakeshwar

Modernism, known in Kannada as ‘Navya’, emerged as a literary movement in the 1950s. This period saw writers deliberately moving away from the Romanticism of the Navodaya period, which is considered an age of literary renaissance shaped by complex interaction with colonialism and the West. In contrast to Navodaya, which reflected nationalist sentiments, the Navya period emerged in the context of the formation of the Indian nation-state. The newly formed Indian nation-state aroused considerable expectations, and their betrayal led to anti-Congress (the ruling party), anti-Jawaharlal Nehru (the first Prime Minister of India) sentiments among the intellectuals and the literati. It was a post-Gandhi era of disappointment and disillusionment in literature. Navya was also partly in response to the leftist progressive movement, called Pragatisheela in Kannada, which arose in 1940s and continued in the 1950s. Pragatisheela literature, prominent in short stories and novels, focused on social issues such as poverty, the importance of context in shaping one’s personality, and the plight of the common man, and it employed realistic narration. Modernist poetry was shaped by its opposition to Navodaya writing, while modernist short stories and novels emerged as a reaction to Pragatisheela literature.


Author(s):  
Paul Haacke

This chapter shows how the aesthetics of vertiginous aspiration and ironic transcendence became central for European writers who have come to be recognized as canonical modernists. It focuses in particular on Guillaume Apollinaire’s visions of “turning towers” in “Zone” and other poems dealing with Parisian modernity and cosmopolitanism; Franz Kafka’s “irony of transcendence” in various short stories and personal writings; Virginia Woolf’s “views from below” in novels like Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse to essays like “On Being Ill” and “The Leaning Tower”; and images of urban space, post-Christian philosophy, and the aesthetics and politics of sovereignty in James Joyce’s Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Ulysses.


The research paper aims at reframing the diasporic nuances such asalienation due to displacement, and assimilation as portrayed in JhumpaLahiri’sInterpreter of Maladies. This literary work discusses various changes and features of immigrants. The study of Diaspora, generally, describes the nature of memory, exile, nostalgia, alienation, and crises of identity. It surveys the two points; Assimilation and Alienation which are prominently raised in Diaspora writing. The present paper states about the collocation or nearness of past and present. The Cultural frames of references are implicated in traditions, rituals and specially the characters. They put an effort to make the cultures and traditions alive through the works. It also highlights the places; homeland as well as established country. The present study focuses on the widespread characteristics of Diaspora like discrimination, nostalgia, survival, cultural and traditional changes and identity. The study also touches upon novels and short stories that go along with the common traits or features of diasporic literature.


Al-Burz ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Iqbal Nazir ◽  
Abdul Razzaq Sabir ◽  
Manzoor Baloch

The foundation of the Brahui short stories was laid in 1955 and its very first short story was "Musafir" which was written by the first Brahui short story writer Haibat Khan. After this, there were a lot of the new writers and though it was a bit slow, but the writers kept writing. Generally, the new writers brought up the topics like tribal customs and social behaviors which is still continued with minor modifications. We cannot say that these sorts of topics can't be the topics of fiction and especially short stories. Obviously these are burning social issues which are seen in the Brahui short stories and these issues must be brought forward but the need of new style of writing is after all the requirements of Brahui short stories because the common and similar topics reduce the colorful circle of the short stories and as a result it loses its readers. Further, Brahui short story needs a lot of practice to improve its technique. Beside this, as per today's literary requirements, historical, economical and psychological aspects are also to be brought forward in order to enhance the topics of Brahui short story.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Sonia Rut Badenas Roig

<p>This article offers a pragmatic reflection on the use of short stories in the teaching of French as a foreign language. After analyzing the use of short stories in the foreign language classroom as didactic material, we briefly assess the different advantages of short stories and inquire about the validity of this genre as a suitable material for the teaching of written expression in the light of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFRL). On this basis, we propose a practical approach in which short stories are integrated to the teaching of written expression within a communicative context.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Arenas ◽  
Ana Paula Ferreira

Russell Hamilton’s scholarly career coincided with the anti-colonial liberation movements throughout the Portuguese African territories of Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, and São Tomé and Principe, in the 1960s and 70s. During this critical time-period, written literature in the form of poetry, short stories, essays, and novels played a major role among African elites by imagining these newly emerging nations. While denouncing the injustices and ravages of Portuguese colonialism, literary art galvanized readers to the cause of independence.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Tommy Sandberg

AbstractThis article aims to characterize a commonly misunderstood and neglected critique of narratology and insists that the critique could advance the narratological discussions if taken more seriously. I describe the notions of three individual critics and one group of critics and their suggested alternatives to what they hold to be the dominating description of narrative fiction in narratology. In turn, I take up Sylvie Patron’s linguistic approach, Lars-Åke Skalin’s aesthetic approach, and Richard Walsh’s pragmatic approach, as well as unnatural narratology (which is less radical), and suggest that they have a Difference approach to narrative fiction. The critique is contrasted with what I refer to as a Sameness approach, guiding the dominating description of narrative fiction in narratology. The Sameness approach relates novels and short stories to a notion of a default mode of “narrative” which is based on situated speech about something that has happened. This is, according to the critics, a mistake. The main thrust of the critics, although with some exceptions, is instead that narrative fiction needs to be approached as sui generis in order to be described effectively. Yet how this should be done is still open for debate.


Author(s):  
K. M. Dolgov ◽  
E. I. Starikova

The article is concerned with interrelationship of policy and culture, in particular N.Machiavelli's political philosophy and its reflection in some short stories by R.Kipling, one of the most recognized representatives of the British imperial thought. Policy and culture have traditionally been considered almost incompatible spheres of human activity as policy tended to become more and more severe, cynical, "dirty", while culture aspired to develop supreme values and perfect ideals. Sometimes the direct confrontation between policy and religion, policy and morals, policy and law, policy and literature, policy and art in the broad sense of the word could occur. The greatest Renaissance masters - Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Rafael etc. - actively opposed any evil manifestations: evil ideas, evil words, evil doings, expressing in their masterpieces the highest ideals and values. However, these ideals and values drastically diverged from the reality, political and public relations of the time, the "dirty" policy conducted by the rulers of numerous Italian principalities. It is no coincidence that N.Machiavelli develops his new political philosophy aiming not only to create the strong unitary state, but also to overcome this "dirty" policy at least to a certain extent. Therefore, describing the mechanism of the "dirty" policy that opposes high culture, N.Machiavelli introduces a new political philosophy which should be based on the highest ideals and values. As far as literary art is concerned, one can easily see that such world famous novelists as Kipling, Chekhov, Maupassant and many others reflected in their short stories that very longing for highest values and ideals which are almost absent in political doctrines and political practice. The true policy is necessarily based on the true culture and its values and ideals, whereas the true culture is indispensably connected with the true policy.


2019 ◽  
pp. 305-328
Author(s):  
Sławomir Buryła

MARCH 1968 AND THE SHOAH: THE COMMON GROUNDS This article is a synthetic study on major issues related to the events of 1968 in Poland and their similarity to the atmosphere at the time of the Holocaust. The author presents analogies and differences between the antisemitic campaign of 1968 and the Shoah, analyzing: (1) the rhetoric of journalistic texts and political speeches; (2) works of art; (3) literary representations; and (4) memories of the victims. The main material for the analysis consists of prose texts—novels and short stories—written both in the late 1960s and after the political transformation of 1989.


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