Digital Literacy Niche in Academia

With the awareness and proliferation of technology, the smart approach is possible to build a learning system or a smart city. The study aims to present the involvement of digital literacy in academics, making youth smart citizens, and assessing the continuous efforts at different levels. The study highlighted the mechanisms adopted by the libraries, such as training and other programmes, to enhance the digital literacy of the citizens. The chapter spotlighted the inclusion of digital literacy in academics, and with the adoption of digital solutions, young learners can become smart citizens. It also throws light on the impact of digital literacy during COVID-19 and digital literacy activities at JNU Central Library. A glimpse of the practices and measures adopted by the academic libraries to enrich the youth to make them smart citizens is provided, and a case example of an academic library (i.e., Jawaharlal Nehru University [JNU] Central Library) is considered for the study. Digital literacy has become an integral part of the youths' lives, and it supplements in making youth smart citizens would lead to smart city development.

Marxist geography: A personal journey

I am fascinated by Marx’s openness to learning and engagement with diverse intellectual traditions—political economic, German and Greek philosophy, utopian socialist tradition, and English literature to name a few. Marxism for me, hence, is engagement and conversations with eclectic ideas, with fidelity to the communist manifesto, and in turn, its commitment to equality and justice. In this paper, while highlighting my own journey as a student of Marx’s scholarship, I examine the key role hegemony plays in our society. Formal education, I argue, is hegemonic to the extent that it is geared at producing docile individuals, particularly from oppressed sections of the society, that internalize theories and concepts favorable to elites: it should not surprise us when the oppressed act or vote against their own interest. Yet some centers of learning are also epicenters of counter-hegemonic praxis—one such place is Jawaharlal Nehru University where I unlearn and re-learned my Marxism and began my journey as a Marxist geographer. Additionally, I examine the role of “vulgar Marxism” (unwillingness to engage with contemporary geographically specific challenges) that is often passed off as Marxist orthodoxy and argue that this has been a real threat to the spirit of the Communist Manifesto. I examine the decline of the Communist Party in Bengal in India to highlight how vulgar Marxism can subvert social justice and make the “Communist Party” unpopular.

A clinico-pathological study on chronic otitis media in children

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is the commonest cause of persistent mild to moderate hearing impairment in children and young adults in developing countries and may have prevalence between 2 and 17% amongst children. The aim of this study was to compare clinico-pathological characteristics of safe (mucosal) and unsafe (squamous) diseases in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational prospective study was done at ENT department of Jawaharlal Nehru medical college, AMU, Aligarh from over a period of one and half years. A total of 60 children evaluated as per inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 in each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Majority of them belonged to rural background with ear discharge being the predominant complaint in all of them. Children with unsafe disease had more incidences of extracranial complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Keeping in view the detrimental effects of hearing loss on social and educational development of children as the propensity of chronic otitis media to cause life threatening complications, urgent attention to this disease and awareness in public is warranted.</p>

Prevalence and Determinants of Food Insecurity and Association with Malnutrition of under Five Children in Aligarh

Background: Food security has always been a major determinant behind development of malnutrition among the under 5 children of India. Even after sustained efforts to alleviate this problem, we are still way behind in achieving our targets. Aims and Objectives: To assess the prevalence and determinants of food security, and find association of food security with stunting and wasting of children less than five years of age. Materials and Methods: This study among under five children was conducted in field practice areas of Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. Food security was assessed through Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) while stunting and wasting were assessed by parameters defined by World Health Organization. Statistical Analysis: Done using IBM SPSS 20.0 version. Results: 41.1% children were found to have low food security and among these 1.8% children have very low food security. Overall, statistically significant association was found between food security and malnutrition among the children (p<0.05). Significant association was also found between place of residence, caste, type of family, father’s education, father’s occupation and mother’s education. Conclusion: New health policies should be introduced, and already existing programs need to reinforce to curb this menace.

Letters from a Province: Harekrushna Mahtab to Jawaharlal Nehru, 1947–1949

On 1 November 1947, Harekrushna Mahtab, premier of Orissa, British/independent India’s youngest province, wrote a letter to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. This was in reply to the first of Nehru’s famous letters to the provincial chiefs. In it, Nehru had expressed his wish to read similarly from them and Mahtab responded in kind. For the next 2 years, Mahtab wrote to Nehru, before leaving Orissa to become a union minister. These letters, present among the Mahtab Papers (NMML, New Delhi), provide an often-downplayed vantage of the province, to view the concerns of the nation contained in Nehru’s letters. Where the latter were meant ‘to educate and exhort’, the former comprised a return catalogue of official information, societal caution, and the Congress Party’s particularities.

Sooner than later: a little effort may avert postpartum haemorrhage in patients with acute hepatitis E

Background: The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in pregnancies with hepatitis E varies from 14-42%. Management of labor and PPH in these women with acute liver injury makes it a real obstetric challenge due to associated coagulopathies and contraindication for many drugs. Prophylactic insertion of condom balloon tamponade along with active management of the third stage of labour (AMTSL) prevent primary PPH in these women. Simultaneous use of injection tranexemic acid further gives reliable results. The present study was conducted to study the effectiveness of condom balloon tamponade in preventing PPH in pregnant women with acute hepatitis E in labor.Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Medical (JNM) College and associated Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar Memorial (BRAM) Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh over period of two year from September 2018 to September 2020.Results: During the study period 32 women presented with hepatitis E in labor. Condom balloon tamponade was inserted prophylactically in all hepatitis E virus (HEV) positive cases immediately after delivery of placenta along with vaginal packing, irrespective of amount of bleeding. Inspite of so many odds in the form of unscanned pregnancies, multiparity, multifetal gestation, abruption, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), prolonged labor, deranged liver and coagulation profiles, anemia and thrombocytopenia, our study showed high effectiveness of prophylactic condom balloon tamponade by encountering only one case of PPH.Conclusions: Prophylactic condom balloon tamponade insertion just after the removal of placenta is promising in averting PPH.

IMPACT OF SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON VAGINAL DISCHARGE

Introduction:- Vaginal discharge is one of the most common complaint in women attending obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient department. It increases the morbidity in women. AIM : The study is aimed at identifying the impact of the social and demographic variables associated with the complaint of vaginal discharge. Method :This is a hospital based prospective observational study conducted in the obstetries and gynecology outpatient department of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical college , Bhagalpur , Bihar. Pretested questionnaire was done on women with Vaginal discharge . Results : The total number of cases mere 60. The results were vaginal discharge common among 26-35 yr of age . 15.6% among lower socio economic class women , 33.6% among women living with their husband , 27.6% has vaginal discharge who got married before 18 yrs of age. 44% women perceived no specic symptoms. Conclusion : Awarness regarding personal and menstrual hygiene is mandatory among women to lower the incidence of vaginal discharge

Sustainable Accomplishment of Solar E-waste Recycling -A Review

The hierarchy of waste refers to the “3 Rs” i.e. Reduce, Reuse and Recycle, which implements the strategies of waste management according to their specifications in terms of waste minimisation. The power of solar was exposed to people when Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) was introduced in the country in the year 2010.From then on people started to install and set up the solar as they came to know that the end life of it is around to be 2035. But none of them thought about future, i.e. what would happen to the solar panels when they are not able to generate power. Now the main issue is how will India be able to discard nearly 90 GW worth solar panel in the next 20 years? Where an average solar panel sized 250 watts, 90GW will amount to almost 7.7 million tonnes of E- waste at the end of a lifetime of a solar plant [1]. This paper mainly focuses on how these E-wastes produced can be reused and recycled.

Contesting Spaces and Civil resistance movements: A case study on India's #FeeMustFall Movement

The paper intends to conduct a spatial reading of civil resistance movements taking Jawaharlal Nehru University’s (JNU) #FeeMustFall in India as the case study. Amidst penetration of neoliberal politics in public goods like health and education, the pay-per-user principle is not limited to the argument of efficiency of allocation of resources. It can be comprehended as the larger strategy of the ruling dispensation to deplatform dissent and homogenise state space on an ideological singularity catering to majoritarian and hegemonic nationalism. The paper shall focus on the spatial reading of civil resistance movements using Lefebvre’s characterisation of state space and Gramsci’s understanding of hegemony and nationalism locating in the context of JNU’s #FeeMustFall movement.

Contesting Spaces and Civil resistance movements: A case study on India's #FeeMustFall Movement

The paper intends to conduct a spatial reading of civil resistance movements taking Jawaharlal Nehru University’s (JNU) #FeeMustFall in India as the case study. Amidst penetration of neoliberal politics in public goods like health and education, the pay-per-user principle is not limited to the argument of efficiency of allocation of resources. It can be comprehended as the larger strategy of the ruling dispensation to deplatform dissent and homogenise state space on an ideological singularity catering to majoritarian and hegemonic nationalism. The paper shall focus on the spatial reading of civil resistance movements using Lefebvre’s characterisation of state space and Gramsci’s understanding of hegemony and nationalism locating in the context of JNU’s #FeeMustFall movement.