Industrial Hubs and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-39
Author(s):  
Arkebe Oqubay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Economic Agglomeration ◽  
Catch Up

Industrial hubs are at the centre of economic development. However, the literature on industrial hubs is fragmented and characterized by diverse conceptual and methodological approaches. This chapter provides a synopsis of the literature on the theory and practice of industrial hubs and economic development drawn from various intellectual traditions. The chapter also reviews key themes drawn from structuralist development economics, with a special focus on industrial policy, structural transformation, and catch-up. The first section of this chapter provides an outline of the key approaches and issues. The second section discusses historical perspectives on industrial hubs and economic agglomeration starting from the early days of the first industrial revolution. The third section examines issues rooted in structural transformation and economic catch-up, and the connection between cluster dynamics and industrial policy framework. The fourth section maps empirical perspectives behind uneven global practices and outcomes, and on how industrial hubs can synergize industrialization and technological catch-up. The fifth section presents empirical synthesis and concluding notes.

Industrial Hubs and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Arkebe Oqubay ◽  
Justin Yifu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Technology Parks ◽  
Catch Up

Industrialization, supported by industrial hubs, has been widely associated with structural transformation and catch-up in developing, emerging, and advanced economies. There are around 6,000 industrial hubs spread across 147 countries, with a high concentration in emerging and developing economies, particularly in Asia. While the direct economic benefits of industrial hubs are significant, their value lies first and foremost in their contribution as incubators of industrialization, productive and technological capability, and innovation, which can facilitate sustained growth and the climbing of the development ladder. This chapter introduces the three objectives of the volume: to examine the conceptual underpinnings and research methodologies associated with industrial hubs and economic development; to extract relevant lessons for policy researchers and practitioners from empirical evidence; and to provide alternative perspectives and approaches, embedded in an industrial policy framework, to economic structural transformation and technological catch-up. It will provide conceptual clarity around notions of the all-embracing term industrial hub, and widely used terms such as industrial districts, special economic zones, export-processing zones, technology parks, and industrial parks.

The Theory and Practice of Industrial Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-60
Author(s):  
Arkebe Oqubay
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Evolutionary Economics ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Emerging And Developing Countries

This chapter reviews the theory and practice of industrial policy, focusing on three key themes. First, it presents industrial policy as a vehicle by which manufacturing (and other dynamic and high-productivity services and agricultural activities that share technological and linkage spillovers) drives structural change. It also underlines the strategic role of exports, especially as a source of international learning and relaxing balance-of-payment constraints. Second, it examines industrial policy as a conduit of technological catch-up, and emphasizes the centrality of technological learning and the development of technological and innovation capabilities for economic catch-up and sustained economic growth. Finally, it reviews the origins, the dynamic and adaptive nature of industrial policies, and the unevenness and variations in policy design and outcomes. The chapter draws primarily from structural development economics and evolutionary economics, and includes a wider scan of the literature. It provides the groundwork for subsequent chapters that examine theoretical perspectives and connections, and experiences from advanced, emerging, and developing countries.

scholarly journals Digital transformation meets national development requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 892-905
Author(s):  
Nguyen Trung Dung ◽  
Nguyen Minh Tri ◽  
Le Nho Minh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
National Development ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Era ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Catch Up

The three industrial revolutions: mechanization, electrification and automation are important milestones marking great socio-economic development steps of mankind. Currently, along with the industrial revolution 4.0, "digital transformation" is the most mentioned keyword in the world of policy makers, the community of scientists and businesses, because it has been changing the socio-economic basis. In the process of digital transformation, many new problems have arisen in Vietnam, requiring research and answers, many challenges and challenges to socio-economic development in Vietnam. Implementing digital transformation in the fields of economy, health, education, contributes to improving the quality of life, however, digital transformation has not yet met the requirements of socio-economic development in Vietnam today, thereby building solutions to promote the digital transformation process in Vietnam in order to develop breakthroughs and quickly catch up with the development of the modern production force. The article analyzes and clarifies the current situation of digital transformation in Vietnam, thereby contributing to providing more scientific bases for the Vietnamese government's decisions to perfect the digital transformation policy to meet the requirements of development of the country in the new era.

Industrial Policy and Late Industrialization in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 604-629
Author(s):  
Arkebe Oqubay
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
First Century ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Ethiopian Government ◽  
Catch Up

Ethiopia has emerged as one of the fastest-growing economies in Africa in the early twenty-first century. Despite rapid growth, structural transformation of the economy remains the country’s central challenge. This chapter reviews the origins of Ethiopia’s industrialization and industrial policymaking process in the twentieth century. The Ethiopian government has pursued developmentalism and practised an active industrial policy since the early 2000s. However, a review of industrial policies in priority sectors shows that the outcome has been uneven across sectors, indicating the importance of the interaction between industrial structure, linkage dynamics, and politics/political economy for the evolution and effectiveness of an industrial policy. After examining the fundamental weakness in Ethiopia’s economic structure, this chapter illustrates why and how industrial policy must focus on manufacturing and exports to generate structural transformation and accelerate catch-up. The Ethiopian experience shows that an activist industrial policy goes hand in hand with an activist state.

The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Hubs and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Catch Up

Industrialization, supported by industrial hubs, has been widely associated with structural transformation and catch-up in developing, emerging, and advanced economies. There are about 6,000 industrial hubs spread across 147 countries, with a high concentration in emerging and developing economies, particularly in Asia. While the direct economic benefits (such as exports, employment, outputs, and revenues) of industrial hubs are significant, their value lies first and foremost in their contribution as incubators of industrialization, productive and technological capability, and innovation, which can facilitate sustained growth and the climbing of the development ladder. The Oxford Handbook of Industrial Hubs and Economic Development adopts an inter disciplinary approach to examine the conceptual underpinnings, reviews empirical evidence of regions and economies, and extracts pertinent lessons for policy researchers and practitioners on the key drivers of successes and failures of industrial hubs. Chapters contributed by eighty-two eminent authors are organized under seven themes: theories and methodologies; context and historical perspective; gender and environmental sustainability; policy and practices in Asian, Latin American, and African economies; and future pathways. The Handbook illustrates the diverse and complex nature of industrial hubs, and shows how industrial hubs promote industrialization, economic structural transformation, and technological catch-up. It explores the implications of emerging issues and trends such as environmental protection and sustainability, technological advancement, the shifts in the global economy, and urbanization. The concluding remarks emphasize the centrality of learning and latecomer advantage.

Between Modernization and Stagnation: Economic Policy in 2012

2013 ◽  
pp. 4-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
The World

The paper deals with the trends in the world and Russian economies towards development of a new post-crisis system, including technological and structural transformation. Three main scenarios of Russian economic development (conservative, innovation and acceleration) are discussed basing on historical analysis of Russian economic performance since 1970-s when oil boom started. On this basis key challenges of economic policy in 2013 are discussed.

St. Petersburg industrial policy: Determining the factors of structural changes in industry through Shift-Share Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-939
Author(s):  
M.V. Dement'ev
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Positive Results

Subject. This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the implementation of industrial policy and the structural transformation of the manufacturing industry in St. Petersburg. Objectives. The article aims to justify the priority of the industry-based approach to industrial policy in St. Petersburg and determine its effectiveness by highlighting the factors of structural transformation of the city's manufacturing industry using the Shift-Share Analysis method. Methods. For the study, I used logical, statistical, and factor analyses. Results. Based on shift-share analysis, the study highlights positive results of industrial policy in the development of certain industries in St. Petersburg, as well as those industries that require further development of urban industrial policy. Conclusions. Despite the fact that the industry of St. Petersburg as a whole has become more stable, problems in the development of mechanical engineering and production of computers, electronic and optical products have not yet been solved.

Perceptions on Job Requirements of LIS Graduates in Public Libraries: A Reflection on Public Libraries in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mpilo Siphamandla Mthembu ◽  
Dennis Ngong Ocholla
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Structured Interviews

Public libraries play a crucial role in the information and knowledge society. Their access and services in the fourth industrial revolution require review as well as the knowledge of the competency requirements for Library and Information Science (LIS) graduates to offer professional services. This paper presents the competencies LIS graduates require for work. It also seeks to examine the challenges they encounter in public libraries. The study is driven by the notion that a skills gap and a lack of training for LIS professionals are still daunting challenges in most public libraries. The post-positivism paradigm was employed through the triangulation of both qualitative and quantitative methodologies in data collection and analysis. Content analysis and a survey were employed as research methods. The study scanned job advertisements in four newspapers spanning a three-year period (from January 2015 to December 2017). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with assistant directors and structured questionnaires were administered to LIS graduates. Grade 12, one to three years of work experience, computer literacy and communication skills are the most required competencies to work at public libraries. There seems to be no balance between theory and practice offered in most LIS schools, which suggests the need for curricula revision. Employed LIS graduates are facing several challenges, which include lack of practical exposure or knowledge, lack of qualification recognition and individual promotions, and lack of ICT skills and knowledge.

Structural Transformation and Inclusive Growth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Inclusive Growth ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Dual Economy ◽  
Heuristic Device ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter sets out some conceptual points of departure for the book in terms of structural transformation and inclusive growth. It revisits the Lewis model of economic development and proposes it as a heuristic device to connect structural transformation and inclusive growth. The chapter argues first, that both structural transformation and inclusive growth have tended to be defined in a reductionist sense, in a way that disconnects the two concepts. It is contended that this matters because the relationship between structural transformation and inclusive growth is embedded in—rather than separated from—the modality of late capitalism pursued. Second, that the work of pioneering development economist, W. Arthur Lewis and the Lewis dual economy model provides a useful heuristic device for thinking about the relationship between structural transformation and inclusive growth.

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