The Media

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Baker
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
Legal Responses ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
The Media

Authoritarian regimes regularly rely on murdering journalists, jailing editors, and censoring the media to remain in power and to carry out their objectives. In 2001, thirty-seven journalists were reportedly killed in connection with their work, two-thirds apparently by governments or their supporters who did not like to take the heat of criticism. Ruling elites in market-economy democratic states primarily rely instead on owning or controlling the media or creating conditions in which the media naturally represent the world in a manner congenial to these elites' interests. This article is organized as follows. Section 1 describes debates concerning the normative premises for freedom of the press, premises that reject the censorship required by authoritarian regimes and occasionally imposed by democratic states. Section 2 describes the more pragmatic controversies centring on legal responses to the more indirect democratic threats posed by ruling elites in democratic market societies. Beyond the rejection of overt censorship, it discusses the debates over what legal treatment of the press best supports democracy while appropriately taking account of other societal needs.

scholarly journals A day for freedom

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Reporters Sans Frontieres
Keyword(s):  
Annual Report ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

On 3 May 1996, International Press Freedom Day, Reporters Sans Frontieres published its seventh Annual report on freedom of the press throughout the world, which gave an account of infringements of the right to be informed in 149 countries.    

The Dominant American View of Freedoms of Press and Speech, in the Decade Leading Up to Ratification of the Federal Bill of Rights

2020 ◽  
pp. 303-336
Author(s):  
Wendell Bird
Keyword(s):  
First Amendment ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Original Source ◽  
Narrow View ◽  
The Press ◽  
Freedom Of Press ◽  
The World

In the 1780s in America, the advocates of broad understandings of freedom of press and freedom of speech continued to argue, as “Junius Wilkes” did in 1782, that “[i]f a printer is liable to prosecution and restraint, for publishing pieces on public measures, conceived libellous, the liberty of the press is annihilated and ruined. . . . The danger is precisely the same to liberty, in punishing a person after the performance appears to the world, as in preventing its publication in the first instance. The doctrine of libels, is of pernicious consequence to the freedom of the press.” Many other essays in the 1780s showed the dominance of an expansive understanding of freedoms of press and speech, as did the declarations of rights of nine states. That was the context in which the First Amendment was adopted and ratified in 1789–1791. These conclusions about the prevalent and dominant understanding after the mid-1760s are flatly contrary to the narrow view of freedoms of press and speech stated by Blackstone and Mansfield, and restated by the neo-Blackstonians, who claim that the narrow understanding was not only predominant but exclusive through the ratification of the First Amendment and onward until 1798. This book’s conclusions are based on far more original source material than the neo-Blackstonians’ conclusions.

Freedom of the press and perceptions about government corruption

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Flavin ◽  
Fielding Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Political Corruption ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Free Press ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Government Corruption ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The media can play an important role in the relationship between citizens and their government by acting as a watchdog and providing timely information about malfeasance and corruption. We examine whether citizens’ perceptions of government corruption are closer to country experts’ assessments in countries where there are higher levels of press freedom. Using data on citizens’ perceptions of government corruption and country expert evaluations of levels of political corruption for over 100 countries, we present evidence that the relationship between expert measures of corruption and citizens’ perceptions is heightened as the level of press freedom increases across our sample. These findings suggest that a free press can play an important role in bringing corruption to light, educating citizens, and potentially allowing them to better hold their elected officials accountable.

Traditional Media

2019 ◽  
pp. 167-206
Author(s):  
Terry L. Schraeder
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
News Article ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Medical Journalism ◽  
Professional Guidelines

Physicians who participate in the media may perform an important public health service for their communities. Physicians who understand the media (and their influence) may decide to engage and work with the press to inform society on a variety of issues in medicine. Physicians have access to information and knowledge as well as experience, a perspective and a point of view valuable to the public. They have something to say and something to teach the public because they do it every day in their practice, in their profession, and with their patients. Improving their understanding of reporters’ roles, responsibilities, and professional guidelines, along with an overview of the world of medical journalism, may help reduce physicians’ anxiety and potentially help them relate to journalists and interact with the press. Physicians will want to learn important guidelines from the American Medical Association and other organizations regarding their involvement with the media, whether writing a news article or being interviewed on television. This chapter includes the “what, why, how, when, and where” regarding all of the information and advice physicians need before working with or in traditional media.

scholarly journals People, News and Government

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
Charles Maino
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
The People ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
Rough Handling ◽  
The Right

Like all rights and freedoms, freedom of the press sometimes gets a rough handling by various authorities and governments throughout the world. In the Pacific, the right must be preserved for the interests of the people.

scholarly journals Elena Cozma, Media Monitoring of the World Heri­tage Sites in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Elena Cozma
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Monitoring

Both the general public and the specialists (archaeologists, historians, etc.) that are concerned with the cultural heritage, are most often informed about their state or about the latest archaeological discoveries in the written or TV press. The present study focuses on articles published in the press and television during 2017 and 2018 ( January - November) on the issue of the cultural and archaeological heritage of Romania included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. For a better follow-up to this study, we will provide you with a table below with each UNESCO heritage objective, along with the LMI code, UNESCO registration code, year of listing and geographic location. Also, the study will contain a brief presentation of the report drawn from the media for each monument.

scholarly journals Efek Media dan Pengadilan Opini

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Ruth Malau
Keyword(s):  
Public Spaces ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Embedded Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
Revolutionary Period ◽  
Do So

<p><em>Countries that embrace the ideology of freedom of the press, the court is of opinion that is commonly encountered in public spaces. Media, in this case could be interpreted as a medium in favor of the public interest which requires the presence of a new color in Libyan politics for 42 years filled with pressure and persecution.</em></p><p><em>Revolutionary period which lasted for most of the year 2011, which then shows how the media have spread the legality of its influence over public opinion. The mass media in Indonesia does have the power to set the political agenda, because democracy gives him legal to do so.</em></p><p><em>However, court opinions that appeared in the Libyan revolution is not because the country embraced the ideology of freedom of the press, but because of the pull-menaraik between freedom of the press with dimensions embedded control during the reign of Gaddafi.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Right of Privacy and Freedom of the Press: The Concept of Legal Justice in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Abdul Haris Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Press Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Moral Sanction ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Right Of Privacy ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to describe the problems faced by the party who feels aggrieved or impaired by his personal rights due to media coverage. The dilemma arises because based on the legal system of the press, the media are given protection from lawsuits. This is to guarantee the position of freedom of the press in a democratic system. However, the impact that has been caused due to defamation cannot be resolved simply by using the right of reply. This study aims to explore how legal mechanisms provide justice for victims due to media behavior in line with the principle of press freedom in Indonesia. The results show that the Indonesian Press Law does not have a clear system of legal liability. The rule of conduct in the Press Law is absolutely not regulated. Thus, the right of reply that is contained in the media consciousness or "order" of the Press Council is not a binding and final decision because the Press Council's body only gives an opinion. Violation of the ethics of the press should not only have a moral sanction but also a legal sanction with all its consequences.

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