scholarly journals School nutrition: Support for providing healthy food and beverage choices in schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey N Critch
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Nutrition Standards

Abstract The implementation of nutrition policies and guidelines in Canadian schools has increased the availability and consumption of nutrient-rich foods while reducing access to and consumption of foods and beverages that are high in sugars, sodium, and saturated fats. Positive changes in health outcomes for children and youth, such as improved body mass indices, have been observed. However, observed impacts of school nutrition policies on academic performance have been mixed. This statement reviews key elements of school nutrition policies, with specific focus on nutrition standards. School nutrition policies should align with recommendations in Canada’s Food Guide and promote nutrient-rich foods and beverages that are lower in saturated fat, sugar, and sodium.

Changes to dietary and health outcomes following implementation of the 2012 updated US Department of Agriculture school nutrition standards: analysis using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (16) ◽  
pp. 3016-3024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jia ◽  
Lynn L Moore ◽  
Howard Cabral ◽  
Amresh Hanchate ◽  
Marc R LaRochelle
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
School Lunch ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Standards

AbstractObjective:In 2012, the US government overhauled school nutrition standards, but few studies have evaluated the effects of these standards at the national level. The current study examines the impact of the updated school nutrition standards on dietary and health outcomes of schoolchildren in a nationally representative data set.Design:Difference-in-differences. We compared weekday fruit and vegetable intake between students with daily school lunch participation and students without school lunch participation before and after implementation of updated school nutrition standards using a multivariable linear regression model. Secondary outcomes included weekday solid fat and added sugar (SoFAS) intake and overweight and obesity prevalence. We adjusted analyses for demographic and family socio-economic factors.Setting:USA.Participants:K-12 students, aged 6–20 years (n 9172), from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005–2016.Results:Implementation of updated school nutrition standards was not associated with a change in weekday fruit and vegetable intake (β = 0·02 cups, 95 % CI −0·23, 0·26) for students with daily school lunch participation. However, implementation of the policy was associated with a 1·5 percentage point (95 % CI −3·0, −0·1) decline in weekday SoFAS intake and a 6·1 percentage point (95 % CI −12·1, −0·1) decline in overweight and obesity prevalence.Conclusions:Changes to US school nutrition standards were associated with reductions in the consumption of SoFAS as well as a decrease in overweight and obesity in children who eat school lunch. However, we did not detect a change in weekday intake of fruits and vegetables associated with the policy change.

scholarly journals Smart snacks in universities: possibilities for university vending

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
Georgianna Mann ◽  
Laurel Greenway Lambert ◽  
Kritika Gupta ◽  
Megan Partacz
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Southern University ◽  
Nutrition Standards

Background: The study goal was to evaluate the nutritional impact of a healthy snack intervention on a southern university campus. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted during the fall 2017 semester weekly for 14 weeks in a large southern U.S. university. For the intervention, half of vending snacks in four campus residential halls (housing from 216 to 361 students) were substituted with snacks complying with federal Smart Snacks in School nutrition standards for K-12 schools. For analysis, data from the Nutrition Facts labels of 14 vending machines or from manufacturer’s websites was collected by trained graduate and undergraduate researchers. Results: On average, for each Smart Snack sold, there was a statistically significant reduction of 99.38 calories (CI=42.32, 156.43), 4 g saturated fat (CI = 2.23, 5.75), and 10.06 g of sugar(CI=2.92, 17.20). An average reduction of 41.88 mg in sodium and an increase of 0.81g in fiber was also found, but was not statistically significant. There was a significant difference (t(16)=3.02, P < 0.025, 95% CI = 10.77, 55.79) between the Quality Score of Smart Snacks (M=59.13,SD= ± 36.50) and that of non-compliant snacks (M=25.85, SD= ± 24.72). Conclusion: The nutritional impact with even a 50% Smart Snack replacement is promising. Many available comparable snacks mimic the mouthfeel, taste, and appearance of their original full-fat, full-sodium, and full-sugar counterparts. Including healthier snack choices in vending machines may be a viable option for universities to transform the campus eating environment.

scholarly journals Describing Food Availability in Schools Using Different Healthy Eating Guidelines: Moving Forward with Simpler Nutrition Recommendations

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie-Lee D. McIsaac ◽  
Nicole Ata ◽  
Sara F.L. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Food Environment ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
School Policy ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Registered Dietitians ◽  
School Food ◽  
Nutrition Policies ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
School Food Environment

Purpose: Internationally, there is debate on whether a nutrient or a food-based approach to policy is more effective. This study describes the food/beverage availability in schools in Nova Scotia through a comparison of a traditional nutrient classification (“Maximum/Moderate/Minimum”), currently used in the provincial school policy and a simplified food-based system (“Core/Extra”). Methods: School food environment audits were conducted in schools (n = 25) to record the food and beverages available. Registered dietitians categorized information using both the nutrient-based and simplified food-based classification systems. Number and percent in each category were described for items. Results: Food and beverage items consisted of breakfast, lunch, snacks, beverages, and vending of which 81% were permissible by the policy, whereas only 54% were categorized as Core. Many snacks and vending items classified as Extra fell within either Moderate (45% and 35%, respectively) or Minimum (29% and 33%, respectively) categories. Conclusions: Dietitians have a role to support interpretation of classification systems for school nutrition policies. The nutrient-based classification used in the policy permitted some items not essential to a healthy diet as defined by the Extra food-based classification. However, the food-based Core/Extra categorization had less detail to classify nutrients.

Can system integration improve mental health outcomes for children and youth?

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1301-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Michael Foster ◽  
Robert Stephens ◽  
Anna Krivelyova ◽  
Phyllis Gamfi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Outcomes For Children

Evaluating Healthy Vending at the American Heart Association National Center: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Yan ◽  
Antigoni Pappas ◽  
Meghan D. Yuan ◽  
Dorothea Vafiadis ◽  
Jo Ann Carson
Keyword(s):  
Employee Satisfaction ◽  
American Heart ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Nutrition Standards

Purpose: To determine whether a 100% healthy vending model would affect revenue, employee satisfaction, and nutrition in the workplace. Design: This study compared revenue and nutrition data pre- and post-adoption of nutrition standards from the American Heart Association’s (AHA) Healthy Workplace Food and Beverage Toolkit. Employee satisfaction was measured using a survey. Setting: The AHA National Center which, over time, included 5 vending machines and a micromarket. Measures: Comparisons of monthly snack and beverage revenues; survey results assessing employee satisfaction; reduction in mean saturated fat (g) and sodium (mg) per snack sold; reduction in mean sugar (g) per beverage sold; monthly mean number of fruits, vegetable, and dairy sold. Analysis: Paired t tests were used to compare monthly revenue while t tests were used to compare nutrition information pre- and post-adoption of nutrition standards. Survey results and food group purchases were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Mean monthly snack revenue increased ( P = .002). Mean monthly beverage revenue did not decrease. Most survey respondents were satisfied with the healthy vending. Mean saturated fat and sodium content per snack sold decreased ( P < .001). Mean sugar content per beverage sold decreased. The micromarket sold an average of 210 units of dairy, 85 units of fruit, and 87 units of vegetables per month. Limitations: This study was conducted at one workplace. Conclusion: Healthy vending did not decrease revenue but did decrease saturated fat and sodium per snack, decrease sugar per beverage, and provide fruits, vegetables, and fat-free/low-fat dairy. Employees were generally satisfied with healthy vending.

scholarly journals Updated systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and well-being for children and youth: a protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e043722
Author(s):  
Naomi Priest ◽  
Kate Doery ◽  
Mandy Truong ◽  
Shuaijun Guo ◽  
Ryan Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
Health And Well Being

IntroductionRacism is a critical determinant of health and health inequities for children and youth. This protocol aims to update the first systematic review conducted by Priest et al (2013), including a meta-analysis of findings. Based on previous empirical data, it is anticipated that child and youth health will be negatively impacted by racism. Findings from this review will provide updated evidence of effect sizes across outcomes and identify moderators and mediators of relationships between racism and health.Methods and analysisThis systematic review and meta-analysis will include studies that examine associations between experiences of racism and racial discrimination with health outcomes of children and youth aged 0–24 years. Exposure measures include self-reported or proxy reported systemic, interpersonal and intrapersonal racism. Outcome measures include general health and well-being, physical health, mental health, biological markers, healthcare utilisation and health behaviours. A comprehensive search of studies from the earliest time available to October 2020 will be conducted. A random effects meta-analysis will examine the average effect of racism on a range of health outcomes. Study-level moderation will test the difference in effect sizes with regard to various sample and exposure characteristics. This review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.Ethics and disseminationThis review will provide evidence for future research within the field and help to support policy and practice development. Results will be widely disseminated to both academic and non-academic audiences through peer-review publications, community summaries and presentations to research, policy, practice and community audiences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020184055.

Learning from and with Aboriginal Learners: Rethinking Aboriginal Education in Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (14) ◽  
pp. 465-492
Author(s):  
Natalia Panina-Beard
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Aboriginal Education ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Aboriginal Communities ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Outcomes For Children

This chapter presents an overview of Aboriginal education in Canada that focuses on linking the transgenerational effects of colonialism with current issues. Educational models, partnerships, and programs already exist that make an enormous impact on outcomes for children and youth in and from Aboriginal communities. Examples of six successful programs that were developed in partnership with Aboriginal communities and range from elementary school through post-secondary school are highlighted.

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