Effects of Upper Limb Immobilization on Isometric Muscle Strength, Movement Time, and Triphasic Electromyographic Characteristics

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor G Vaughan
Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4999
Author(s):  
Julie Gaudet ◽  
Grant Handrigan

Lower and upper limb maximum muscular force development is an important indicator of physical capacity. Manual muscle testing, load cell coupled with a signal conditioner, and handheld dynamometry are three widely used techniques for measuring isometric muscle strength. Recently, there is a proliferation of low-cost tools that have potential to be used to measure muscle strength. This study examined both the criterion validity, inter-day reliability and intra-day reliability of a microcontroller-based load cell amplifier for quantifying muscle strength. To do so, a low-cost microcontroller-based load cell amplifier for measuring lower and upper limb maximal voluntary isometric muscular force was compared to a commercial grade signal conditioner and to a handheld dynamometer. The results showed that the microcontroller-based load cell amplifier correlated nearly perfectly (Pearson's R-values between 0.947 to 0.992) with the commercial signal conditioner and the handheld dynamometer, and showed good to excellent association when calculating ICC scores, with values of 0.9582 [95% C.I.: 0.9297–0.9752] for inter-day reliability and of 0.9269 [95% C.I.: 0.8909–0.9533] for session one, intra-day reliability. Such results may have implications for how the evaluation of muscle strength measurement is conducted in the future, particularly for offering a commercial-like grade quality, low cost, portable and flexible option.


1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Paulo José Oliveira Cortez ◽  
José Elias Tomazini ◽  
Mauro Gonçalves

Introdução: A diminuição da capacidade de exercer esforços por parte dos músculos rotadores pode criar uma variedade de problemas. O conhecimento preciso do nível de força muscular de um indivíduo é importante, tanto para a avaliação da capacidade funcional ocupacional, como para uma apropriada prescrição de exercícios atléticos e de reabilitação. Percebe-se escassez de informação sobre as articulações do ombro, bem como os fatores envolvidos na força muscular dessa região. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a força gerada pelos músculos do manguito rotador entre o membro superior direito e o membro superior esquerdo em indivíduos saudáveis. Métodos: Participaram do estudo 22 sujeitos do sexo masculino, com idade de 18 e 19 anos, militares, saudáveis e sem história clínica de patologia ortopédica ou qualquer tipo de lesão no sistema musculoesquelético. Foram aplicados dois testes de força: Rotação Interna e Rotação Externa. Resultado : A força média de rotação interna no membro superior direito (MSD) foi maior que a força média de rotação interna no membro superior esquerdo (MSE) (p=0,723) e a força de rotação externa no MSD foi menor que a força média de rotação externa no MSE (p=0,788). Não houve diferença estatística na comparação dos valores de força de todos os testes de força isométrica. Conclusão: Para amostra estudada e metodologia utilizada na avaliação da força muscular, não houve diferença estatística na comparação da força gerada pelos músculos do manguito rotador do membro superior direito e do membro superior esquerdo.Rotator Cuff Muscle Strength in Healthy Individuals Introduction: Decreased ability to exert efforts by the rotator muscles can create a variety of problems. The precise knowledge of the level of muscular strength of an individual is important for both the functional capacity evaluation for occupational as an appropriate exercise prescription and rehabilitation of athletic. It is perceived scarcity of information on the shoulder joints as well as factors involved in muscle strength in this region. Objective: Develop a device for measuring the strength generated by the muscles of the upper limbs and the verification of efficiency and adaptability of this device through a comparative study of muscle strength in healthy subjects. Methods: The study included 22 male subjects, aged 18 and 19 years, military personnel, body mass between 57.7 and 93 kg (71.8 ± 9.45 kg) and height between 1.67 and 1.90 m (1.75 ± 0.06 m), healthy and without a history of orthopaedic disease or any kind of damage to the musculoskeletal system. Three strength tests were applied: Internal Rotation and External Rotation. For each type of effort three maximum voluntary contractions were required for 10 seconds, with an interval of 30 seconds between each contraction.  Results: Internal rotation in the right upper limb (RUL) was higher than the average strength of internal rotation in the left upper limb (LUL) (p = 0, 723) and the external rotation strength in RUL was lower than the average strength of external rotation in the LUL (p=0,788).  No statistical difference in comparing the strength values of all isometric strength tests. Conclusion: For sample and methodology used to assess muscle strength, there was no statistical difference in comparing the force generated by the muscles of the rotator cuff of the right and left upper limb.


Author(s):  
Hadar Lackritz ◽  
Yisrael Parmet ◽  
Silvi Frenkel-Toledo ◽  
Melanie C. Baniña ◽  
Nachum Soroker ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Hemiparesis following stroke is often accompanied by spasticity. Spasticity is one factor among the multiple components of the upper motor neuron syndrome that contributes to movement impairment. However, the specific contribution of spasticity is difficult to isolate and quantify. We propose a new method of quantification and evaluation of the impact of spasticity on the quality of movement following stroke. Methods Spasticity was assessed using the Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold (TSRT). TSRT was analyzed in relation to stochastic models of motion to quantify the deviation of the hemiparetic upper limb motion from the normal motion patterns during a reaching task. Specifically, we assessed the impact of spasticity in the elbow flexors on reaching motion patterns using two distinct measures of the ‘distance’ between pathological and normal movement, (a) the bidirectional Kullback–Liebler divergence (BKLD) and (b) Hellinger’s distance (HD). These measures differ in their sensitivity to different confounding variables. Motor impairment was assessed clinically by the Fugl-Meyer assessment scale for the upper extremity (FMA-UE). Forty-two first-event stroke patients in the subacute phase and 13 healthy controls of similar age participated in the study. Elbow motion was analyzed in the context of repeated reach-to-grasp movements towards four differently located targets. Log-BKLD and HD along with movement time, final elbow extension angle, mean elbow velocity, peak elbow velocity, and the number of velocity peaks of the elbow motion were computed. Results Upper limb kinematics in patients with lower FMA-UE scores (greater impairment) showed greater deviation from normality when the distance between impaired and normal elbow motion was analyzed either with the BKLD or HD measures. The severity of spasticity, reflected by the TSRT, was related to the distance between impaired and normal elbow motion analyzed with either distance measure. Mean elbow velocity differed between targets, however HD was not sensitive to target location. This may point at effects of spasticity on motion quality that go beyond effects on velocity. Conclusions The two methods for analyzing pathological movement post-stroke provide new options for studying the relationship between spasticity and movement quality under different spatiotemporal constraints.


1998 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Panzak ◽  
Ralph Tarter ◽  
Srinivas Murali ◽  
Joann Switala ◽  
Sandra Lu ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Vasconcellos de Lima Costa e Silva ◽  
Anderson Luiz Bezerra da Silveira ◽  
Fabrízio Di Masi ◽  
Cláudio Melibeu Bentes ◽  
Maria do Socorro Cirilo de Sousa ◽  
...  

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