Effect of Intravenous Dexamethasone on the Duration of Labor Induction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Nour El-Din Hashad ◽  
Amr H Yehia ◽  
Amany A Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Labor Induction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group I

Abstract Background Induction of labor is one of the most common interventions practiced in modern obstetrics. In the developed World, the ability to induce labor has contributed to the reduction in maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Aim of the work to establish whether Dexamethasone plays a role in shorting the duration interval between initiation of labor induction and beginning of true contraction of labor in post-term pregnancy, so shorting the duration of labor. Patients and Methods This randomized controlled trial study was conducted in the labor ward of Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital on one hundred thirty five pregnant women with full term pregnancy divided into the following: Group I (Dexamethasone group) injected with 2 ml (8 mg) of the product (dexamethasone) 4 hours before initiation of labor induction and Group II (Control group) received 2 ml saline (as a placebo). Results There was a non-significant statistical difference between the two studied groups as regards the age, gestational age on admission, body mass index (BMI), Bishop Score, mode of delivery and Apgar score. There was a high significant statistical difference between the two studied groups as regards Induction- delivery interval, induction-contraction, contraction – delivery interval were shorter in cases of study than control. Conclusion From the above data we can conclude that the intravenous administration of dexamethasone appear to shorten labor duration.

scholarly journals Randomized Controlled Trial of Modified Radical Mastectomy with and Without Quilting Technique and Its Effect on Seroma Formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Munazzah Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Seroma Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group I ◽  
Flap Fixation ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: To determine the frequency of seroma formation after flap fixation by quilting technique in MRM patients as compared to control group. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted from 11th November ,2017 to 10th May , 2018 in Department of Surgery, Holy family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Patients and Method: A total of 60 patients were included in the study having histologically proven breast cancer stage 2 or 3 in age group of 40-70 years undergoing modified radical mastectomy. Patients were allocated to group1 or 2 by random selection. In group I patients, flap fixation was done by quilting technique during MRM . In group II , no quilting was done. Post operative follow up was done after 05 days in OPD and development of seroma was observed clinically. Results: Mean age of patients was 55.23 ± 7.94 years. Mean BMI was 30.05 ± 2.63 kg/m2. Seroma formation was seen in 04 patients (13.33%) in group I (flap fixation by quilting technique ) and 19 patients (63.33%) in group II (control group) with p-value of 0.0001. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is significantly low incidence of post mastectomy seroma formation in MRM patients with quilting technique as compared to the conventional method of wound closure in MRM

scholarly journals The Effects of Ondansetron on the Analgesic Action of Intravenous Acetaminophen after Tonsillectomy in Children: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mahshid Nikooseresht ◽  
Maryam Nasrolahi ◽  
Pouran Hajian ◽  
Abbas Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analgesic Action ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Recovery Unit ◽  
Group I ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Intravenous Acetaminophen

Introduction. Severe pain, nausea, and vomiting after tonsillectomy surgery are among the issues that not only affect patient satisfaction but also may result in complications and delay patient discharge. This study was conducted to assess the effect of intravenous administration of ondansetron on the analgesic action of intravenous acetaminophen after tonsillectomy in children. Materials and methods. This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 53 children between the age of 3 and 12 years old who were referred to Besat Hospital Hamadan, Iran, for tonsillectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group (I) received intravenous acetaminophen plus 0.1 mg/kg ondansetron intravenously while the control group (C) received intravenous acetaminophen plus 2 ml of normal saline intravenously. Postoperative pain severity was assessed using the Children’s Hospital Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS). Frequency of nausea, vomiting, and need for analgesic was assessed and recorded four times, at recovery unit, after 6, 12, and 24 hours postsurgery. Data analysis was performed at 95% confidence level using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21. Results. The number of patients in groups I and C was 27 and 26 patients, respectively. Mean pain score in I and C groups was 4.48 and 2.88 at recovery unit, 2.74 and 2.04 after 6 hours, 1.67 and 0.81 after 12 hours, and 0.67 and 0.20 after 24 hours postsurgery, respectively. Frequency of nausea at recovery unit was 23.1% in I group and 0.0% in group C ( p = 0.010 ) while the mean number of analgesic requirements in I and C groups was 1.07 and 0.56 times, respectively ( p = 0.027 ). Conclusions. Intravenous administration of 0.1 mg/kg ondansetron reduces the analgesic action of intravenous acetaminophen after tonsillectomy in 3 to 12-year-old children.

Does Artificial Rupture of Membranes (ARM) Reduce Duration of Labor in Primigravidae: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
MB Bellad ◽  
Patil Kamal ◽  
Patil Rajeshwari
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Third Stage Of Labor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT Objective To study the effectiveness of artificial rupture of membranes(ARM) in reducing the duration of labor in primigravida. Methods A one year prospective randomized controlled trial was carried out on 200 primigravida (100 each to ARM and no ARM group) meeting the selection criteria. The outcomes were noted in both the groups. Data analysis was done using Chi Square and Z test. Results The mean duration of labor from enrolment to full dilation of the cervix or bearing down sensation was 4.76 ± 1.64 in ARM group compared to 5.66 ± 1.85 in the control group which was statistically significant (p value = 0.000; 95%). There was no difference in the duration of second and third stage of labor in both groups. There was no significant difference in the mode of delivery between ARM and control group. There was no significant difference in mean birth weight and Apgar score between the two groups. Conclusion ARM definitely reduced the duration of labor without any detrimental effects on fetus, mother and mode of delivery. Hence, there is no reason to strive to maintain the integrity of the fetal membranes in spontaneous labor in women where ARM is not contraindicated.

Comparison of Interactive Education Versus Fluorescent Concretization on Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Primary School Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Öncü ◽  
Sümbüle Köksoy Vayısoğlu ◽  
Diğdem Lafci ◽  
Dilek Yurtsever ◽  
Ebru Ravlı Bulut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Interactive Education ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Hand hygiene for children is crucial to keep them healthy. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of two educational initiatives on “handwashing effectiveness (HWE).” A randomized controlled trial was carried out during April/June 2016, and 96 primary school students were randomly assigned to Group I receiving education with fluorescent gel; Group II receiving interactive education or control group continuing its normal education. Evaluation was made by scoring the fluorescent areas on the hands with photographs. There were significant differences in handwashing scores between preprogram and postprogram for all areas in only Group II ( p < .05). HWE increased from 17.9% to 18.4% in Group I, from 15.4% to 37.7% in Group II, and from 35.5% to 35.8% in control group. Only concretization with fluorescent gel is not a sufficiently strong motivator for increasing HWE. New techniques should be integrated into the training programs for children.

Evaluation of a collaborative protocolized approach by community pharmacies and general medical practitioners for an Australian minor ailments scheme: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dineen-Griffin ◽  
Victoria Garcia Cardenas ◽  
Kylie Williams ◽  
Shalom Isaac Benrimoj
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Minor Ailments ◽  
Cluster Randomized

BACKGROUND Internationally, governments have been investing in supporting pharmacists to take on an expanded role to support self-care for health system efficiency. There is consistent evidence that minor ailment schemes (MAS) promote efficiencies within the healthcare system. The cost savings and health outcomes demonstrated in the UK and Canada opens up new opportunities for pharmacists to effect sustainable changes through MAS delivery in Australia. OBJECTIVE This trial is evaluating the clinical, economic and humanistic impact of an Australian minor ailments service (AMAS), compared with usual pharmacy care in a cluster-randomized controlled trial in Western Sydney, Australia. METHODS The cluster-randomized controlled trial design has an intervention and a control group, comparing individuals receiving a structured intervention with those receiving usual care for specific common ailments. Participants will be community pharmacies, general practices and patients located in Western Sydney Primary Health Network region. 30 community pharmacies will be randomly assigned to either intervention or control group. Each will recruit 24 patients seeking, aged 18 years or older, presenting to the pharmacy in person with a symptom-based or product-based request for one of the following ailments (reflux, cough, common cold, headache (tension or migraine), primary dysmenorrhoea and low back pain). Intervention pharmacists will deliver protocolized care to patients using clinical treatment pathways with agreed referral points and collaborative systems boosting clinician-pharmacist communication. Patients recruited in control pharmacies will receive usual care. The co-primary outcomes are rates of appropriate use of nonprescription medicines and rates of appropriate medical referral. Secondary outcomes include self-reported symptom resolution, time to resolution of symptoms, health services resource utilization and EQ VAS. Differences in the primary outcomes between groups will be analyzed at the individual patient level accounting for correlation within clusters with generalized estimating equations. The economic impact of the model will be evaluated by cost analysis compared with usual care. RESULTS The study began in July 2018. At the time of submission, 30 community pharmacies have been recruited. Pharmacists from the 15 intervention pharmacies have been trained. 27 general practices have consented. Pharmacy patient recruitment began in August 2018 and is ongoing and monthly targets are being met. Recruitment will be completed March 31st, 2019. CONCLUSIONS This study may demonstrate the utilization and efficacy of a protocolized intervention to manage minor ailments in the community, and will assess the clinical, economic and humanistic impact of this intervention in Australian pharmacy practice. Pharmacists supporting patient self-care and self-medication may contribute greater efficiency of healthcare resources and integration of self-care in the health system. The proposed model and developed educational content may form the basis of a MAS national service, with protocolized care for common ailments using a robust framework for management and referral. CLINICALTRIAL Registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) and allocated the ACTRN: ACTRN12618000286246. Registered on 23 February 2018.

Effectiveness of a web-based medication adherence tool with patient centered communication: Results of a clustered randomized controlled trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan van Lieshout ◽  
Joyca Lacroix ◽  
Aart van Halteren ◽  
Martina Teichert
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Tailored Interventions ◽  
Increased Risk

BACKGROUND Growing numbers of people use medication for chronic conditions; non-adherence is common, leading to poor disease control. A newly developed web-based tool to identify an increased risk for non-adherence with related potential individual barriers might facilitate tailored interventions and improve adherence. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of the newly developed tool to improve medication adherence. METHODS A cluster randomized controlled trial assessed the effectiveness of this adherence tool in patients initiating cardiovascular or oral blood glucose lowering medication. Participants were included in community pharmacies. They completed an online questionnaire comprising an assessments of their risk for medication non-adherence and subsequently of barriers to adherence. In pharmacies belonging to the intervention group, individual barriers displayed in a graphical profile on a tablet were discussed by pharmacists and patients at high non-adherence risk in face to face meetings and shared with their general practitioners and practice nurses. Tailored interventions were initiated by the healthcare providers. Barriers of control patients were not presented or discussed and these patients received usual care. The primary outcome was the difference in medication adherence at 8 months follow-up between patients with an increased non-adherence risk from intervention and control group, calculated from dispensing data. RESULTS Data from 492 participants in 15 community pharmacies were available for analyses (intervention 253, 7 pharmacies; control 239, 8 pharmacies). The intervention had no effect on medication adherence (-0.01; 95%CI -0.59 – 0.57; P= .96), neither in the post hoc per protocol analysis (0.19; 95%CI -0.50 – 0.89; P=.58). CONCLUSIONS This study showed no effectiveness of a risk stratification and tailored intervention addressing personal barriers for medication adherence. Various potential explanations for lack of effect were identified. These explanations relate for instance to high medication adherence in the control group, study power and fidelity. Process evaluation should elicit possible improvements and inform the redesign of intervention and implementation. CLINICALTRIAL The Netherlands National Trial Register: NTR5186. Date: May 18, 2015 (http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=5186)

scholarly journals Effect of leg wrapping technique on prevention of spinal induced hypotension and fetal acidosis during cesarean section: Randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Samah Nasser Abd El-Aziz El-Shora ◽  
Amina Mohamed Rashad El-Nemer
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Induced Hypotension ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wrapping Technique

Background and aim: Hypotension during cesarean section (CS) under spinal anesthesia has been a subject of scientific study for more than 50 years and the search for the most effective strategy to achieve hemodynamic stability remains challenging. Aim: The study was carried out to apply leg wrapping technique for the prevention of spinal-induced hypotension (SIH) during CS.Methods: Randomized Controlled Trial design was utilized at cesarean delivery operating room Mansoura General Hospital in El-Mansoura City during the period from May 2018 to November 2018. A purposive sample of 88 pregnant women, assigned randomly to an intervention group (n = 44) in which their legs wrapped with elastic crepe bandage and control group (n = 44) in which no wrapping was done. Data collected for maternal, neonatal hemodynamic and signs of hypotension, the feasibility of application and cost analysis.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of SIH and Ephedrine use among both groups (18.20% in leg wrapping group whereas 75% in control group). In addition, neonatal acidosis and NICU admission were less among leg wrapping group (11.40%, 9.10% respectively). Economically, leg wrapping technique was cost effective compared to the cost of the hospital regimen for treating SIH and admission to (NICU).Conclusion and recommendations: Leg wrapping technique was cost effective and an efficient method for decreasing SIH, neonatal acidosis and Ephedrine administration. It is recommended to apply leg wrapping technique in maternal hospitals' protocol of care for decreasing SIH during CS.

The Effect of Lavender Oil on Perioperative Pain, Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep after Microvascular Breast Reconstruction: A Prospective, Single-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnie L. Shammas ◽  
Caitlin E. Marks ◽  
Gloria Broadwater ◽  
Elliot Le ◽  
Adam D. Glener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lavender Oil ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Psychosocial distress, depression, or anxiety can occur in up to 50% of women after a breast cancer diagnosis and mastectomy. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential benefit of lavender oil as a perioperative adjunct to improve anxiety, depression, pain, and sleep in women undergoing microvascular breast reconstruction. Methods This was a prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial of 49 patients undergoing microvascular breast reconstruction. Patients were randomized to receive lavender oil or placebo (coconut oil) throughout their hospitalization. The effect of lavender oil on perioperative stress, anxiety, depression, sleep, and pain was measured using the hospital anxiety and depression scale, Richards–Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, and the visual analogue scale. Results Twenty-seven patients were assigned to the lavender group and 22 patients were assigned to the control group. No significant differences were seen in the perioperative setting between the groups with regard to anxiety (p = 0.82), depression (p = 0.21), sleep (p = 0.86), or pain (p = 0.30) scores. No adverse events (i.e., allergic reaction) were captured, and no significant differences in surgery-related complications were observed. When evaluating the entire cohort, postoperative anxiety scores were significantly lower than preoperative scores (p < 0.001), while depression scores were significantly higher postoperatively as compared with preoperatively (p = 0.005). Conclusion In the setting of microvascular breast reconstruction, lavender oil and aromatherapy had no significant adverse events or complications; however, there were no measurable advantages pertaining to metrics of depression, anxiety, sleep, or pain as compared with the control group.

Investigating the Impact of Cognitive Training for Individuals With Bothersome Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982199474
Author(s):  
Maggie Xing ◽  
Dorina Kallogjeri ◽  
Jay F. Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Index ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Impact

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive training in improving tinnitus bother and to identify predictors of patient response. Study Design Prospective open-label randomized controlled trial. Setting Online. Methods Participants were adults with subjective idiopathic nonpulsatile tinnitus causing significant tinnitus-related distress. The intervention group trained by using auditory-intensive exercises for 20 minutes per day, 5 days per week, for 8 weeks. The active control group trained on the same schedule with non–auditory intensive games. Surveys were completed at baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Results A total of 64 participants completed the study. The median age was 63 years (range, 25-69) in the intervention group and 61 years (34-68) in the control group. Mixed model analysis revealed that within-subject change in Tinnitus Functional Index in the intervention group was not different than the control group, with marginal mean differences (95% CI): 0.24 (–11.20 to 10.7) and 2.17 (–8.50 to 12.83) at 8 weeks and 2.33 (–8.6 to 13.3) and 3.36 (–7.91 to 14.6) at 12 weeks, respectively. When the 2 study groups were compared, the control group had higher Tinnitus Functional Index scores than the intervention group by 10.5 points at baseline (95% CI, –0.92 to 29.89), 8.1 at 8 weeks (95% CI, –3.27 to 19.42), and 9.4 at 12 weeks (95% CI, –2.45 to 21.34). Conclusion Auditory-intensive cognitive training was not associated with changes in self-reported tinnitus bother. Given the potential for neuroplasticity to affect tinnitus, we believe that future studies on cognitive training for tinnitus remain relevant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document