scholarly journals M150. RELATIVES EXPERIENCES OF THE EARLY SIGNS ACTION PLAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S192-S192
Author(s):  
Nils Sjöström ◽  
David Berg ◽  
Sofia Johansson ◽  
Eva Andreasson ◽  
Margda Waern
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Next Of Kin ◽  
Early Warning Signs ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia

Abstract Background In the recent years person-centered methods have been developed to involve relatives in the care of their next of kin. The Early Signs Action Plan (ESAP) was developed to facilitate relatives’ participation in the care of their next of kin in psychiatric outpatient units specialized in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia and similar disorders. The aim was to investigate relatives’ experiences regarding the activation of the action plan for their next of kin. Methods The study is a qualitative interview study using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were conducted with relatives (N=13) to outpatients whose Early Signs Action Plan had been activated. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. The material was then analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Results ESAP was positively received by the relatives and most of them experienced that they were participating in the planning of the care of their next of kin’s. Participating in the care also implied a feeling of security and awareness about their next of kin’s early warning signs and what to do in case of a relapse. Relatives also indicated that the ESAP is vulnerable during on call time and during vacation periods. Outdated paths to get in contact with psychiatric services on call time were reported as problematic since this information is crucial for getting in touch with care outside of office hours. Discussion ESAP seems to be a useful tool for the involvement of relatives in the care of their next of kin.

scholarly journals Understanding the process for developing sleep disorders among Japanese workers: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Ayako Toyoshima ◽  
Michiko Moriyama ◽  
Hidehisa Yamashita ◽  
Md Moshiur Rahman ◽  
KATM Ehsanul Huq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Early Warning Signs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychosocial Conditions

Background: Sleep disorders have an enormous impact on occupational health and are counterproductive from an economic perspective. However, the processes of causing sleep disorders from psychosocial aspects have not yet been known. The purpose of this study was to describe how sleep disorders develop among workers with respect to different psychosocial conditions. Methods: A conventional qualitative content analysis was conducted with a semi-structured interview among twenty-seven workers (14 males and 13 females) who were diagnosed with sleep disorders or had a self-reported history of sleep difficulties. Study participants were recruited from a specialized clinic and communities using snowball sampling. This paper adhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) checklist. Results: The results showed that there were four steps involved in the sleep disorders development process. Firstly, participants with sleep disorders developed ‘early warning signs’ with 11 categories of triggers; secondly, ‘aggravating factors’ on top of these early warning signs; thirdly, workers tried to ‘cope with’ their sleep disorders in the ways they thought would be effective. Finally, when coping failed to improve the quality of sleep, it led to the onset of sleep disorders. Conclusion: The development of sleep disorders and triggers of psychosocial factors were revealed. An occupational health nurse can bring these findings in practice for preventing worker’s sleep disorders.

scholarly journals “‘You lose your hair, what’s the big deal?’ I was so embarrassed, I was so self-conscious, I was so depressed:” a qualitative interview study to understand the psychosocial burden of alopecia areata

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie V. J. Aldhouse ◽  
Helen Kitchen ◽  
Sarah Knight ◽  
Jake Macey ◽  
Fabio P. Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Psychosocial Effects ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Expert Clinician

Abstract Background Alopecia areata (AA) is characterized by hair loss that can affect the scalp and body. This study describes the psychosocial burden of AA. Methods Participants diagnosed with AA who had experienced ≥50% scalp hair loss according to the Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) were identified by clinicians. A semi-structured interview guide, developed with expert clinician input, included open-ended questions to explore patients’ experiences of living with AA. Data were thematically analyzed to identify concepts and relationships. Results Participants (n = 45, 58% female, mean age 33.3 years [range 15–72], mean SALT 67.2 [range 0–100]) described the AA diagnosis as “devastating”. Both males and females reported emotional and psychological impacts of AA including feeling sad/depressed (n = 21), embarrassed/ashamed (n = 10) and angry/frustrated (n = 3). Patients felt helpless (n = 5) due to the unpredictability of disease recurrence, and anxious (n = 19) about judgement from others. Many patients avoided social situations (n = 18), which impaired relationships and increased isolation. Coping strategies included concealment of hair loss through wigs or make-up, although fear of the displacement of these coverings also caused anxiety and the avoidance of activities that could result in scalp exposure (n = 22). Some patients became more accepting of AA over time, which lessened the emotional impact, though efficacious treatment was still desired. A conceptual framework was developed, and a conceptual model was created to depict the relationship between the physical signs/symptoms and the associated psychosocial effects of AA. Conclusion AA impairs patients’ emotional and psychological wellbeing, relationships and lifestyles. Greater disease awareness and effective treatments are needed.

scholarly journals Women’s experiences of living with increased inter-recti distance after childbirth: an interview study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Eriksson Crommert ◽  
Karolina Petrov Fieril ◽  
Catharina Gustavsson
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
The Body ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Diastasis Recti ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Biopsychosocial Perspective

Abstract Background Although an increased inter-recti distance, also known as diastasis recti, is common after pregnancy, evidence-based knowledge about the condition is relatively limited. In particular, little is known about the consequences as perceived by the women. The objective of the present study was to describe how postpartum women with increased inter-recti distance experience the condition as well as the contacts they have had with healthcare providers regarding their symptoms. Methods A purposeful sampling approach was used to recruit 19 participants from an existing study cohort of 144 women. All participants had an inter-recti distance of at least two finger widths and at least one child, with the youngest child between the ages of 1 and 6 years. Individual interviews based on a semi-structured interview guide were performed and subsequently analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results Four categories emerged from the interviews: the body’s function and ability has changed; the body does not look like it used to; uncomprehending attitudes and treatment in their surroundings; and trying to acquire an understanding of and strategies to cope with the diastasis. The findings reveal that women with increased inter-recti distance might experience fear of movement and engage in avoidance behaviour. In combination with feelings of physical instability in the midsection of their bodies and body dissatisfaction, many of the women restrict their everyday lives and physical activities. Conclusions The findings indicate that increased inter-recti distance is a complex phenomenon that affects the women in a multitude of ways, highlighting the importance of considering the condition for each individual in her own context from a biopsychosocial perspective.

Exploring How Lay Rescuers Overcome Barriers to Provide Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Qualitative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenche Torunn Mathiesen ◽  
Conrad Arnfinn Bjørshol ◽  
Sindre Høyland ◽  
Geir Sverre Braut ◽  
Eldar Søreide
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Publication Type ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Lay Rescuer ◽  
Cpr Training

AbstractBackgroundSurvival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary considerably among regions. The chance of survival is increased significantly by lay rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before Emergency Medical Services (EMS) arrival. It is well known that for bystanders, reasons for not providing CPR when witnessing an OHCA incident may be fear and the feeling of being exposed to risk. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of why barriers to providing CPR are overcome.MethodsUsing a semi-structured interview guide, 10 lay rescuers were interviewed after participating in eight OHCA incidents. Qualitative content analysis was used. The lay rescuers were questioned about their CPR-knowledge, expectations, and reactions to the EMS and from others involved in the OHCA incident. They also were questioned about attitudes towards providing CPR in an OHCA incident in different contexts.ResultsThe lay rescuers reported that they were prepared to provide CPR to anybody, anywhere. Comprehending the severity in the OHCA incident, both trained and untrained lay rescuers provided CPR. They considered CPR provision to be the expected behavior of any community citizen and the EMS to act professionally and urgently. However, when asked to imagine an OHCA in an unclear setting, they revealed hesitation about providing CPR because of risk to their own safety.ConclusionMutual trust between community citizens and towards social institutions may be reasons for overcoming barriers in providing CPR by lay rescuers. A normative obligation to act, regardless of CPR training and, importantly, without facing any adverse legal reactions, also seems to be an important factor behind CPR provision.MathiesenWT, BjørsholCA, HøylandS, BrautGS, SøreideE. Exploring how lay rescuers overcome barriers to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a qualitative study. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(1):27–32.

scholarly journals Being active 1½ years after hip fracture: A qualitative interview study of aged adults’ experiences of meaningfulness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Rasmussen ◽  
Claus Vinther Nielsen ◽  
Lisbeth Uhrenfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Existential Theory ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Interview Guide

Abstract Background: Being active is vital and a source of well-being. However, 18 months after hip fracture (HF), progress seems to have come to a halt. Aged adults may feel vulnerable, experiencing ongoing dependency and limited possibilities for socializing. How they experience the meaningfulness of being active during these circumstances is unknown. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of the meaningfulness of being active for aged adults 18 months after HF. Methods: A phenomenological-hermeneutic methodology based on the philosophies of Heidegger and Gadamer was applied. Data were collected using individual interviews conducted in participants’ homes. The study was part of a longitudinal study, and three former interviews helped build trusting relationships with participants and focus the semi-structured interview guide. An existential theory of well-being and suffering considering health to be a balancing of mobility and dwelling was applied. Participants were nine aged adults 65 years or older with pre-fracture dependency included in the study 18 months earlier while still in hospital after HF. The interpretation was a process of analyzing data by moving between the parts and the whole as a means of gaining a deeper understanding and continuously testing pre-understandings. The analysis followed five steps: a) getting a sense of the whole b) delineating and condensing meaning units, c) interpreting meaning units, d) relating to study purpose, and e) developing themes and sub-themes. Results: Two main themes emerged. The main-theme “Feeling the continuity of life“ had four sub-themes: “Gratitude for present possibilities,“ “Connected with earlier life-experience,“ “Thoughtfully managing vulnerability,“ and “Belonging with other people.“ The main-theme “Feeling vulnerable“ had two sub-themes: “Thwarted“ and “Sad and regretting lost continuity in life.“ Conclusions: Eighteen months after HF, aged adults seem to be struggling on their own to be active in meaningful ways. To maintain hope, relieve the strain in everyday life, and maintain a sense of safety and self-confidence, they may need help. However, to avoid suffering, there is a need to balance additional training and a struggle for progress with well-being experiences in terms of feeling gratitude, restoring a sense of normality, and feeling kinship with other people.

Use of Non-pharmacological Methods in Managing Labour Pain: Experiences of Nurse- midwives in Two Selected Districts Hospital of Pwani and Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorkasi L. Mwakawanga ◽  
Lilian T. Mselle ◽  
Victor Z. Chikwala ◽  
Nathanael Sirili
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Breathing Techniques ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Nurse Midwives ◽  
Pain Experiences

Abstract Background: Labour pain usually bring worries and most of the concerns to a woman and her family. Thus, the majority of the women in labour pain may require some sort of pain relief method be it pharmacological or non-pharmacological during this period. However, in Tanzania, the use of non-pharmacological labour pain-relieving methods remain low among nurse-midwives. This study analyzed the experiences of nurse-midwives on the use of non-pharmacological methods to manage labour pain in two selected districts of Pwani region Tanzania.Materials and Methods: An exploratory qualitative study using a semi-structured interview guide was conducted to purposefully recruited nurse-midwives working in labour ward in two district hospitals in Pwani region Tanzania. Data were analysed using a qualitative content analysis approach to generate categories describing the experiences of using non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Results: Encouraging women on the tolerability of pain, provision of instructions onchanging positions, deep mouth breathing techniques and exercises, provision of psychological support and provision of sacral massage emerged as the common non-pharmacological methods used by nurse-midwives. Comfortability on using the methods to both nurse-midwives and the women was stated to make both the nurse-midwives and women use them. Furthermore, some nurse-midwives did not use the methods because of limited skills, the misconception that labour pain to delivering women is necessary and lack of awareness of its benefits. Conclusion: The findings of this study underscores that knowledge on benefits on non-pharmacological methods, skills on using non-pharmacological pain and misconception of nurse-midwives on labor pain influence use of non-pharmacological labor pain management.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 371-395
Author(s):  
Mariana de Miranda Seize ◽  
Juliane Callegaro Borsa
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Early Warning Signs ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Developmental Opportunities

Screening for early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (before 36 months of age) allows an early diagnosis and early intervention programs that provide better developmental opportunities for the child. The objective of this chapter is to increase the knowledge about early signs of ASD enabling their early detection. The method used was a literature review of the early warning signs of autism spectrum disorder in children between 24 and 36 months of age in the domains that characterize this disorder.

scholarly journals Monitoring Sleep Changes via a Smartphone App in Bipolar Disorder: Practical Issues and Validation of a Potential Diagnostic Tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederike T. Fellendorf ◽  
Carlo Hamm ◽  
Nina Dalkner ◽  
Martina Platzer ◽  
Matteo C. Sattler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Early Warning Signs ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Waking Up

Background: Sleep disturbances are common early warning signs of an episode of bipolar disorder, and early recognition can favorably impact the illness course. Symptom monitoring via a smartphone app is an inexpensive and feasible method to detect an early indication of changes such as sleep. The study aims were (1) to assess the acceptance of apps and (2) to validate sleeping times measured by the smartphone app UP!.Methods:UP! was used by 22 individuals with bipolar disorder and 23 controls. Participants recorded their time of falling asleep and waking-up using UP! for 3 weeks. Results were compared to a validated accelerometer and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Additionally, participants were interviewed regarding early warning signs and their feedback for apps as monitoring tools in bipolar disorder (NCT03275714).Results: With UP!, our study did not find strong reservations concerning data protection or continual smartphone usage. Correlation analysis demonstrates UP! to be a valid tool for measuring falling asleep and waking-up times.Discussion: Individuals with bipolar disorder assessed the measurement of sleep disturbances as an early warning sign with a smartphone as positive. The detection of early signs could change an individual's behavior and strengthen self-management. The study showed that UP! can be used to measure changes in sleep durations accurately. Further investigation of smartphone apps' impact to measure other early signs could significantly contribute to clinical treatment and research in the future through objective, continuous, and individual data collection.

scholarly journals Exploring Effective Foreign Language Teaching from the Eyes of Iranian Learners: Reporting a Qualitative Interview Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Oskouei ◽  
Azizollah Dabaghi ◽  
Dariush Nejad Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Communicative Language Teaching ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Culture Teaching ◽  
Teacher Personality

This article reports on a qualitative study of the learners’ beliefs about effective foreign language teaching in an Iranian setting. A semi-structured interview covering several fundamental issues in foreign language (FL) pedagogy was conducted with 22 upper-intermediate Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Qualitative content analysis of the transcript data yielded several interesting and informative themes. Among the most prominent results of the study, mention can be made of learners’ strong penchant for modern, learner-centered approaches to FL teaching such as communicative language teaching (CLT) and task-based language teaching (TBLT). Among the other notable themes were learners’ endorsement of teachers’ high proficiency and pedagogical knowledge, positive teacher personality, the integration of culture teaching in the classes, and sustaining learner interest and motivation. The results have implications for knowledge-based teacher education as well as for practicing and prospective FL teachers.

scholarly journals The Olympic Games: The Experience of a Lifetime or Simply the Most Important Competition of an Athletic Career?

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Rune Dall Jensen ◽  
Ask Vest Christiansen ◽  
Kristoffer Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
Sport Event ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Sport Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Olympic Games

AbstractAs a multi-sport event that only takes place every four years and is accompanied by intense media coverage, the Olympic Games are often described by athletes as a defining moment in their careers. The objectives of the present study were: 1) to describe differences in expectations of Olympic debutants towards the Olympics and their actual experiences while they were at the Games; and 2) to describe how the athletes negotiate the balance between performing at and enjoying the experience of the Olympic Games. Further, we will discuss the athletes' stories in light of the differences between the goals and expectations of the elite sport system and those of the individual athletes. Data was collected through a qualitative interview study with a pre- and post-Olympic competition design.Using a semi-structured interview guide, we interviewed 14 Danish Olympic debutants about their Olympic goals and expectations within a month preceding their departure for the Olympic Games and about their actual experiences within a month following their return.Condensed narratives from two Olympic debutants represent the spectrum of the athletes' expectations and experiences: one failed in his performance but had a great experience; the other was successful and won a silver medal but was truly unhappy with her experience. The debutants emphasize balancing their desire to perform with a desire for social experiences. They also discussed the challenges posed during preparation and goal setting.Olympic debutants are caught in a very real dilemma between the Olympics as the “most important competition of their athletic careers” and “the Olympics as the experience of a lifetime.” This dilemma is linked to a wide rift between the perspectives and goals of the sport organization and those of the athletes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document