Technology transfer models for knowledge-based regional development: New R&D institutes in Guangdong, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Conlé ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Tobias ten Brink
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Local Setting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Transfer Models

Abstract China has long struggled to make science and technology useful for industry. One essential element in overcoming this problem is vigorous knowledge infrastructure development. This article focuses on the most salient outcomes of recent organization-building initiatives in Guangdong: the ‘New R&D Institutes’ (NRDIs). We employ a process tracing approach including a mix of methods to systematically study NRDIs, and we examine the ways in which these institutes extend, and improve upon, previous Chinese approaches to technology transfer. We observe a flexible approach that engages a wide range of intra-regional and extra-regional knowledge actors and allows for the emergence of a variety of technology transfer models—including models that are better adapted to the local setting than those discussed in the literature. The article contributes to fragmentary knowledge on the role of technology transfer in China and to the literature on innovation policy in peripheral manufacturing regions.

General Prospects and Contending Issues in Malaysian ICT Policy

2014 ◽  
pp. 230-249
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Trade And Investment

Malaysia was one of the early adopters of Internet technology to steer innovation policy in a direction that is making the country become a knowledge-based economy. This notion of knowledge-based economy driven by ICT is best exemplified by the borderless connectivity, interactivity, and networking. Since the middle of 1990s, there have been gradual but systematic public and private sector initiatives towards ICT agenda with the prominent role of the state. This chapter aims to unpack ICT developments and examine the implications of the post-MSC formation for Malaysia and its associated issues and challenges. Second, the discussion provides an overview of MSC performance and its importance for enhancing growth, trade, and investment; reducing the digital gap; nurturing innovation; and achieving more inclusive societies. Third, some issues and challenges in MSC development are also highlighted.

scholarly journals University satellite institutes as exogenous facilitators of technology transfer ecosystem development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Conlé ◽  
Henning Kroll ◽  
Cornelia Storz ◽  
Tobias ten Brink
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Ecosystem Development ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Absorptive Capacities ◽  
Non Local ◽  
The Pearl River

AbstractUniversities can contribute to knowledge-based regional development not only in their home region but also in other regions. In a number of countries, universities have established university satellite institutes in additional (host) regions to promote research and technology transfer there. We investigate the role of university satellite institutes in the industrial development of regions, which, albeit not economically marginal, suffer from a weak knowledge infrastructure, limited absorptive capacities for external knowledge in the business sector and hence a low degree of attractiveness for non-local knowledge actors. Despite policy recommendations in favor of establishing satellite institutes, there has only been limited empirical research on this phenomenon, particularly concerning technology transfer ecosystem development. To fill this gap, we provide an exploratory case study of university satellite institutes in the Pearl River Delta of China’s Guangdong province. We show how such institutes can be successful in facilitating the development of their host region’s technology transfer ecosystems and demonstrate why they should be conceptually included in our existing understanding of third mission activities. Our research centers on the interplay of geographical proximity and non-spatial, organized proximity in the development of interregional knowledge bridges and entrepreneurial opportunities. We argue that the university’s geographical proximity is only successful if the satellite institute, by facilitating organized proximity, promotes the geographical proximity of further knowledge actors, hereby propelling ecosystem development.

scholarly journals Innovation Policy and the Role of Accounting in the Strategic Management of Technology Transfer: A Study in the Scientific, Technological and Innovation Institutions of Northeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-99
Author(s):  
Rosana de Jesus Santana Nascimento ◽  
André Luis Rocha de Souza ◽  
Marcelo Santana Silva ◽  
Jerisnaldo Matos Lopes ◽  
Maria Valesca Damásio de Carvalho Silva
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Management Of Technology ◽  
Innovation Policies

This research aims to analyze whether Intellectual Property assets of Federal Institutes (FIs) in Northeast Brazil are being measured, accounted for and evidenced in Financial Statements (FSs) of these Scientific, Technological and Innovation Institutions (STIIs).Therefore, in order to achieve the proposed objective, a bibliographic, exploratory, and descriptive research was carried out. This survey was achieved through a qualitative approach from document analysis and collection of secondary data related to innovation policies of FIs, and valuation and accounting of IP assets. The results showed that patent registrations granted and Technology Transfer (TT) are still incipient, although the majority of the Technological Innovation Nuclei (NITs) of Northeast FIs have innovation policies that support intellectual protection of inventions. Even though there are Brazilian Accounting Standards (NBCs) that uphold the process of measuring, recording and disclosing of IP assets, such as NBC TG 04 (R4, 2017a) and NBC TSP 08 (CFC, 2017b), this result can also be due to an absence of structured and guiding procedures within the scope of NITs’ innovation policies.

scholarly journals Collective organisation of knowledge in the early phase of the Dutch-Friesian dairy industry (c. 1880-1914)

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 91-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn Molema ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policies ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Organizational History ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
National Economic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Century Science ◽  
Geographical Dimension

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, science and technology opened up new avenues for dairy farmers. Improved techniques for measuring the percentage of fat content in milk and new mechanical production processes had a considerable influence on the dairy production system. However, knowledge was essential to make the most of these opportunities. Historians have offered diverse explanations for the implementation of a knowledge infrastructure within pre-existing dairy networks. Some studies have emphasized the role of individual actors, while others focused on the influence of cooperative structures. This article contributes to the latter and adds a geographical dimension to the organizational history of dairy knowledge. Based on research in archives and newspapers, it investigates two knowledge institutions in the Dutch province of Friesland: a dairy consultancy and a dairy school, both founded in 1889. The conclusion is that the implementation of knowledge institutions was encouraged by the interplay between regional initiatives and national economic policies.

scholarly journals Innovation Policy And Governance In The African Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanjiru Gachie ◽  
Desmond Wesley Govender
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Policy Dialogue ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
National System Of Innovation

This paper undertakes a desktop examination of innovation policy and governance in Africa. The article therefore adds on to the importance of intra-African region innovation policy dialogue by exploring policy developments in the African region. The article identifies a weak and fragmented innovation system as a major challenge facing many of the African countries, exacerbated by the lack of an explicit innovation strategy. The literature indicates that Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policies should not simply adopt a science-push approach to innovation, but rather focus on building an entire system of innovation. The emergence of a knowledge-based economy and globalisation such as the BRICs - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are restructuring the dynamics of innovation in developing countries. The literature has also shown that several international organisations have played significant roles in the development of Science and Technology (S&T) policies among African countries. However, the international organisations initiatives have mostly focused on the development of S&T with minimal emphasis on the role of policies and administration, which would increase learning and innovation performance in Africa. The central premise of the article is that innovation policy and governance is an essential component of the National System of Innovation in the African region.

scholarly journals Role of innovations and knowledge – infrastructure and institutions

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
András Nábrádi
Keyword(s):  
National Income ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
European Institute ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Capital Development

There is a well known saying: Research converts money into knowledge, innovation converts knowledge into money. The knowledge-based economy has four pillars: innovation, education, the economic and institutional regime, and information infrastructure. Transformation towards a knowledge-based economy will necessarily shift the proportion and growth of national income derived from knowledge-based industries, the percentage of the workforce employed in knowledge-based jobs and the ratio of firms using technology to innovate. Progress towards a knowledge-based economy will be driven by four elements: human capital development, knowledge generation and exploitation (R&D), knowledge infrastructure. Increased investment in these four areas will certainly have an impact. National experience, however, suggests that an incremental approach will not work. Nations that have achieved accelerated growth in outputs and capabilities have acted decisively, targeting investments in areas of strategic opportunity. The organizational and infrastructural improvement of research requires supranational cooperation and the promotion of the free movement of knowledge. Therefore, the EU decision on the establishment of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), which ensures that the GDP proportion for research and development (R&D) shall achieve 3% stipulated by member states in the long run, is particularly welcome.

The development of ecosystems for technology transfer in Mexico: the role of Patenting Centers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-347
Author(s):  
Luis Felipe Beltrán-Morales ◽  
David J Jefferson ◽  
Ileana Serrano Fraire ◽  
Monica Alandete-Saez
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Ip Protection ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Building Activities

In this article, we evaluate an initiative recently launched by the national government in Mexico to create ‘Patenting Centers’ in various universities and research institutions in diverse regions of the country. We focus particularly on elucidating how the installation of these Patenting Centers has augmented the number of national filings for intellectual property (IP) protection, and how the Centers have contributed to increasing the quality of IP applications. Furthermore, we analyze how the Mexican Patenting Centers have qualitatively contributed to fostering local cultures of innovation, for example through capacity-building activities directed towards scientific researchers. We also attempt to understand how the Patenting Centers have supported processes of technology transfer and commercialization, which we evaluate by examining a case study from the Northwest Biological Research Center (CIBNOR). Our findings indicate that the Mexican Patenting Centers have contributed to increasing IP protection activity in various regions of the country, and that they have augmented interactions between public research institutions and the productive sector. We conclude with suggestions for how the Patenting Center model may be further assessed in the future, to ensure that the government's mission of fostering endogenous innovation and the creation of a knowledge-based economy may continue to be realized.

How Do Intermediary Organizations Support SMEs to Enhance their Absorptive Capacity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (5E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Ansari Vaghef ◽  
Utz Dornberger
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Intermediary Organizations ◽  
Knowledge And Technology Transfer

Researchers have discussed intermediary organizations as the crucial facilitators of technology transfer in an innovation system. They employed the intermediary term in different settings in the innovation system literature. In past decades, scholars highlighted the importance of intermediaries repeatedly. However, few studies examine intermediaries’ role in the innovation system. In this paper, we underline the significant role of intermediaries in boosting absorptive capacity in small and medium-sized enterprises by introducing a framework that expresses intermediaries' functions and their services in absorptive capacity as an essential element of successful knowledge and technology transfer.

GENCRIT: A tool for knowledge-based critiquing in engineering design

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shiva Kumar ◽  
S. Suresh ◽  
C. S. Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Steven J. Fenves ◽  
S. Rajeev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Model

AbstractThis article poses the notion that it is possible and desirable to formalize and apply design critiques in a specialized framework. It describes GENCRIT, (GENeric CRItiquing Tool), one such framework for design critiquing. The article starts by highlighting the role of critics in the design process. It then goes on to bring out the need for a critic building tool, viz. that of aiding in the rapid development of multiple critics. GENCRIT combines knowledge-based techniques and a multifactor decision making model to develop an integrated approach to evaluation that encompasses a wide range of designs. Critics developed using GENCRIT evaluate candidate designs based on the critiquing knowledge provided by experts, give justifications for the evaluation, and suggest improvements. The working of GENCRIT is illustrated with two examples: a constructibility critic for reinforced concrete buildings and a bridge design critic.

Role of Knowledge Infrastructure Capabilities in Product/Service Innovation

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150023
Author(s):  
Taghrid Suifan ◽  
Salah Alhyari ◽  
Ramiz Qandah
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Positive Direct

This research explores the direct and indirect effects of knowledge infrastructure capabilities in creating product/service innovation in small entrepreneurial companies in Jordan. The mediating effects of knowledge-based dynamic capabilities and moderating role of innovation culture and emotional intelligence are also investigated. To this end, questionnaire surveys were developed and administered to employees and managers of 29 small entrepreneurial companies, resulting in 202 respondents. Validation and reliability analyses were performed followed by structural equation modelling for hypotheses testing. The results demonstrated the positive direct effect of knowledge infrastructure capabilities on creating product/service innovation. The indirect effect was confirmed as knowledge-based dynamic capabilities partially mediated the link between knowledge infrastructure capabilities and product/service innovation, and this relationship was moderated by innovation culture and emotional intelligence. This research highlights that the innovation culture and emotional intelligence encourage and sustain employee actions. This moderating influence can help better understand the complex nature of product/service innovation. Moreover, the variables used in this study have been thoroughly examined in developed countries, application of this model is deemed appropriate in developing countries such as Jordan to provide empirical evidence from a non-Western perspective.

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