GENCRIT: A tool for knowledge-based critiquing in engineering design

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shiva Kumar ◽  
S. Suresh ◽  
C. S. Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Steven J. Fenves ◽  
S. Rajeev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Model

AbstractThis article poses the notion that it is possible and desirable to formalize and apply design critiques in a specialized framework. It describes GENCRIT, (GENeric CRItiquing Tool), one such framework for design critiquing. The article starts by highlighting the role of critics in the design process. It then goes on to bring out the need for a critic building tool, viz. that of aiding in the rapid development of multiple critics. GENCRIT combines knowledge-based techniques and a multifactor decision making model to develop an integrated approach to evaluation that encompasses a wide range of designs. Critics developed using GENCRIT evaluate candidate designs based on the critiquing knowledge provided by experts, give justifications for the evaluation, and suggest improvements. The working of GENCRIT is illustrated with two examples: a constructibility critic for reinforced concrete buildings and a bridge design critic.

scholarly journals Role of Knowledge in Management of Innovation

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Yury Nurulin ◽  
Inga Skvortsova ◽  
Iosif Tukkel ◽  
Marko Torkkeli
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Organizational Resource ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Systemic Understanding

Knowledge has always been, and still is, a crucial source of economy. However, during the past few years we have seen a growing interest in treating knowledge as a significant organizational resource for innovation. This trend coincides with the rapid development of ICT, indicating the strong influence that ICTs have on the processes of creating, disseminating, and using knowledge. At present, issues of innovation management and knowledge management are studied independently, which creates a certain gap in the systemic understanding of the innovation development processes. The paper proposes an integrated approach to the issues mentioned. The hierarchy and taxonomy of knowledge are considered from the point of view of their influence on decision-making at different stages of the innovation lifecycle. Our proposition complements and contributes to several recent models of decision-making developed in the frame of the innovation process.

An Advisory Conceptual Design Tool for Mechanical Transmission Systems

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Huang ◽  
F. W. Liou ◽  
J. J. Malyamakkil ◽  
W. F. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Packaging Machine

Abstract This paper presents an advisory conceptual design tool for mechanical transmission systems. Space consideration was taken into account during the design process. A prototype function tree was built in the form of knowledge-based system to transfer a designer’s idea into a set of mechanical components. An advisory expert system was also developed to help a designer in decision making. As an example, a packaging machine is designed using the developed system.

‘Stepping on the heads of our Gods'

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
Yangji Doma Sherpa ◽  
A. John Sinclair ◽  
Thomas Henley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mountain Environments ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The Himalayan region of India is experiencing rapid development in tourism, agriculture, highway construction and hydroelectric dam construction. This research considered the role of the public both within and outside of development decision-making processes in these high mountain environments using the proposed Himalayan Ski Village (HSV) in Manali as a case study. The qualitative data revealed that there has been an extensive array of public participation activity related to the HSV project over approximately 10 years. Very little of this activity has evolved, however, through the formal decision-making process. Rather, most participation activities, such as general house meetings, objection letters, public rallies, court cases against the proposed project, and a religious congregation were instigated by the public to protest the proposed development. The findings also show that involvement in the participatory activities undertaken by the public and project proponent fostered instrumental and communicative learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Do Women Affect the Final Decision on the Housing Market? A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4652
Author(s):  
Sabina Źróbek ◽  
Elżbieta Zysk ◽  
Mirosław Bełej ◽  
Natalija Lepkova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
The Social ◽  
Joint Decisions ◽  
Gradual Introduction ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
The Given

This article presents the results of research on the effect of the customer’s gender on the tenure choice (ownership or tenancy) on the housing market. In the study, an attempt has been made to investigate whether there is a significant role of women in making decisions in this market. The survey was conducted among residents of two cities—Olsztyn (Poland) and Vilnius (Lithuania). The obtained answers were subjected to a multi-dimensional categorical and quantitative analysis. The results showed, among others, that women generally have greater decision-making autonomy in residential issues than men, with Lithuanian women doing this much more often than Polish women. However, it should be noted that the dominant decision-making model in the housing market is the model of joint decisions taken by men and women. The results of the conducted analysis broaden the existing knowledge of the functioning of the housing market and may support the implementation of the pro-social and pro-sustainable spatial development policy of the given territorial unit. The results may also contribute to more sustainable development of enterprises in the housing construction sector. This is an important issue in a climate of intense competition between “providers” of flats and the gradual introduction of the idea of competition between them and the social environment.

scholarly journals Unconscious influences on decision making: A critical review

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben R. Newell ◽  
David R. Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Economics ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cognitive Unconscious

AbstractTo what extent do we know our own minds when making decisions? Variants of this question have preoccupied researchers in a wide range of domains, from mainstream experimental psychology (cognition, perception, social behavior) to cognitive neuroscience and behavioral economics. A pervasive view places a heavy explanatory burden on an intelligent cognitive unconscious, with many theories assigning causally effective roles to unconscious influences. This article presents a novel framework for evaluating these claims and reviews evidence from three major bodies of research in which unconscious factors have been studied: multiple-cue judgment, deliberation without attention, and decisions under uncertainty. Studies of priming (subliminal and primes-to-behavior) and the role of awareness in movement and perception (e.g., timing of willed actions, blindsight) are also given brief consideration. The review highlights that inadequate procedures for assessing awareness, failures to consider artifactual explanations of “landmark” results, and a tendency to uncritically accept conclusions that fit with our intuitions have all contributed to unconscious influences being ascribed inflated and erroneous explanatory power in theories of decision making. The review concludes by recommending that future research should focus on tasks in which participants' attention is diverted away from the experimenter's hypothesis, rather than the highly reflective tasks that are currently often employed.

A Multi Autonomic Objects Flexible Workflow and its Knowledge Acquisition Supporting Engineering Design Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3341-3344
Author(s):  
Dong Bo Wang ◽  
Xiu Tian Yan ◽  
Ning Sheng Guo ◽  
Tao Li
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Engineering Design Process

In order to support the dynamic and creative Engineering Design Process (EDP) comprehensively, after a detailed literature review, a multi autonomic objects (AO) flexible workflow is applied into the supporting and management of EDP, its support for decision making, EDP evolution and design activity granularity is explained, finally and most importantly, a genetic algorithm-based AO knowledge learning method is proposed, the algorithm is demonstrated by a MATLAB simulation that it can satisfy the knowledge acquisition in EDP satisfactorily.

scholarly journals Hydrogen from Wood Gasification with CCS - a Technoenvironmental Analysis of Production and Use as Transport Fuel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Antonini ◽  
Karin Treyer ◽  
Emanuele Moioli ◽  
christian bauer ◽  
Marco Mazzotti
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Freight Trucks

<p>In the presented work, we performed an integrated techno-environmental assessment of hydrogen production from woody biomass gasification, combined with CO<sub>2</sub> capture and storage (CCS). We have included three different types of gasification technologies for syngas production. CO<sub>2</sub> is captured from the syngas with conventional amine-based technology. Based on our integrated approach linking detailed process simulation with Life Cycle Assessment, we are able to quantify benefits and potential trade-offs of a wide range of process configurations from both technical and environmental perspectives in a consistent way. We have also performed a comparative evaluation of hydrogen use in fuel cell electric vehicles (passenger cars and freight trucks), to investigate the role of hydrogen in decarbonizing the transport sector.</p>

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